Umfanekiso Petrov-Vodkin: icon-ukupeyinta ubuso ixesha abaziintshembenxa

Ukuba umntu phezulu kwezicwangciso ubomi babantu, ngokunxulumene kuye baye bagqiba ayikokunqamla ubungqola yaye azibambeleli kuluhlu naluphi na sikhokelo. Unyana izihlangu evela amaphondo ezikude, kunye negama kabini, njenge lumo lwe elabo, yaye igama iTestamente Endala iye waya eYurophu Afrika wayetshate umfazi French of imvelaphi Serbian.

Umfanekiso Petrov-Vodkin ingqalelo abangakholelwayo abasenyongweni ideologically kunye namakholwa, aesthetes kunye zihlelelekile, abomvu namhlophe. Wabizwa ngokuba umprofeti, yaye idemon, yaye kwaba kanye njengomzobi.

Izihlangu of Khlynovsky

Amagama Double ezivame ukuba umvuzo ngenxa yezenzo ezinkulu - Ngubani na ongazaziyo Suvorov-Rymniksky okanye Potemkin-Transdanubian ... Burlaka of iVolga Khvalynsk ogama uPetros wabiza Vodkin nokuba eyingedle andazi, nokuba kungenxa ubuchule agaye unina Euphrosyne, wabamba nabahleli umgangatho abantu.

Xa, ngo-1878, umzukulwana wakhe, owazalwa - Kuzma, ebhalwe ke Vodkin. Uyise Kuzma - Sergey - yaba izihlangu, kodwa wonke umntu wayesazi ukuba abe teetotaler azinikele, yaye waqhubeka wathi kunyana wakhe: ". Kuqala kwinto zonke, wena - Petrov, uze kuphela - Vodkin" Ngoko ifani kabini, nto leyo baphathi umhlonipha, abaqokeleli kunye nabathandi art - Petrov-Vodkin. Kuzma Sergeyevich ukukhumbula njalo imvelaphi yazo, abazali abanekratshi ezincina kweenxweme iVolga ngenkxaso yokomoya ezinzima.

iminyaka yokufunda

indlela yakhe, waqala ne intshayelelo Bogomazov, wamazisa kubuchwepheshe ekuqulunqeni ipeyinti, priming ngamaplanga, kunye nobuchule iconography. Akazange nangoko isigqibo kwi ukukhetha umsebenzi ubomi, yena waye remontschikom phezu iinqanawa iVolga waza wafuna ukuya kungena isikolo kaloliwe Samara.

Nangona engenamandla kwimfundo ngokubanzi (apho nto akazange abangalupasanga uviwo ukwamkelwa kwikholeji kwi kaloliwe), Kuzma ezahlukeneyo utyekelo neembono yentanda kwaye generalizing imbono yehlabathi elisingqongileyo. Umfanekiso Petrov-Vodkin wakha phezu kwemimiselo injalo ungqukuva, yaye nexesha lokuqala wayecinga ngaye nje ulutsha. Emva koko wachaza indlela emva ukulwa yawa emqolo, wakhangela phezulu esibhakabhakeni size ugobile kolundi kunye umphezulu esebenzayo kwexeshana. Ndiva uMhlaba iplanethi - ukuba yayikhokelwe ngokwakhe waza kamva wafundisa ngayo kubafundi bakhe.

Iiklasi yokudweba kunye artist sokuzoba FE Burov e Samara, Central School of Technical Drawing of Baron Stieglitz eSt Petersburg School of Umzobo, Umfanekiso Architecture eMoscow School of artist Aschbe eMunich - ezi amanqanaba lokufunda inkosi. Yena ke, njengokhozo Serov omkhulu Korovin, Levitan yahlola indawo, intlanganiso wafunda iimyuziyam kakhulu eYurophu. Umphumo waba kwinqanaba eliphezulu ulwazi kunye nokuziqonda bezoba bepeyinta, ngoko wamvumela ukuba abe utitshala wesikolo, kuzinza ngokusekelwe St Petersburg Academy of Arts.

ulutsha ezinzima

Akazange ungayamkeli nayiphi na izimiso emsebenzini okanye ebomini. Ubhala iprozi, udlala - kwafuneka ngaxesha lithile ukuba akhethe phakathi uncwadi nokupeyinta. Ngemali nabantakwa- ibhayisekile umenzi ayenzayo kunye nenjongo zentengiso ibhayisekile uhambo of Europe, kwangaxeshanye sihlangene izakhiwo yaseYurophu kunye obukhulu lweengqokelela zobugcisa. Ukufunda Geophysics kunye cosmogony, yaye uba lilungu kuluntu lwezenzululwazi French. Okwenzeka kuqhuma ntshava kwaye uhamba kuyo yonke yeSahara kunye kumaBedou.

Indlu yeeNdwendwe kufuphi eParis, wadibana nentombi kwinkosikazi kwaye iyamxelela ukuba ngumkakhe. Marie-Zhozefina Yovanovich, a emigre intombi Serbian, Mara yaba nje, kodwa xa bayizisa Khvalynsk wayeqhelene nonina, kukho kusoloko isigqibo ngokuba mna ukuba Marie - inkosazana French.

Amanyathelo okuqala kwihlabathi yobugcisa

Mayidluliselwe abalandeli Matisse kunye Gauguin, wabizwa ngalo symbolist French. Kuba abaxhasi isimbo kwizifundo, waba ipateni formalist avant-garde ingcamango olukhulu Petrov-Vodkin enkulu lwakudala.

Kuphela xa umboniso umsebenzi wakhe wokuqala ebalulekileyo-sikhokelo "World of Art", kwaye kwacaca ukuba abaninzi ukuba kukho umthathi-master level yaseYurophu kunye iingcambu kazwelonke kunye nokucinga cosmic.

'Phupha "(1910) - imizobo eyenziwe yi Petrov-Vodkin eyaziwa. Ilele elinde ukuba kuvuka abafazi ababini kunye nesiqalo kuqhambuko lo mlilo kwisiqalo yokusondela ekhululekile kunye iwindo yokhetho. Iimbambano malunga kumzobo bafikelela enyundululu, abantu abaninzi baye babona eroticism ngabom nto engaphaya. Great Repin savuma ukuba ukungakwazi kuziphatha ezingenanto, yaye uAleksandr Benua kunye noLeon Bakst, phezu koko, wachaza umxholo kakhulu-bulumko.

Le wobugcisa idumileyo

Ngowe-1912 xa lomboniso i "World of Art" ebidlalwe ukupeyinta "Ukuhlamba i Red Horse" Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin. Kuye nibe baninzi isityhilelo lenene, ixabiso layo iqaphelwa bamelene ezininzi ezingadibaniyo ezizinzululwazi umculi. Ifuthe womzobo ludibaniso iindlela zobugcisa - njani mihla le xesha, kwaye zisekelwe phezu kwizithethe iconographic, ndisiya emva kwexesha. A umxholo wasiqonda ngokucacileyo bonke njenge ivuso zezothuso zehlabathi elizayo eRashiya kunye nehlabathi jikelele.

LeMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, amalaphu anomyalezo abomvu i ngoFebruwari nango-Oktobha neziphithiphithi, umkhosi abomvu namhlophe wokuchasa imikhosi kwimfazwe yamakhaya - konke oku ngamaxesha wenza afanelekileyo kakhulu "Ukuhlamba i Red Horse". Petrov-Vodkin, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kumangaliswa gqitha kukuchana kusengaphambili yabo.

Esipilini uMprofethi

"Umdlalo Boys '(1911)," Xa Line yoMlilo "(1916)," I abazihlambululayo "(1917)," I Petrograd Madonna "(1920)," Ukufa kuMkomishinala "(1928) - imizobo Petrov-Vodkin kuchaphazela ezintsha lolwimi kufanekisela kunye jikelele isikali ulwazi ngezenzeko zemihla ngemihla kunye neziganeko zembali.

Ukusuka kude wabona umgangatho yethu imbali enkulu embonweni inkosi. Azi kulo mculi owayephila ngokwakhe Petrov-Vodkin? Paintings - kunjalo Ubomi "herring" (1918), "1919. Alamu "- zibonakala imifanekiso oluchanekileyo kunye nekamva iLeningrad yaye kuvalwe kunye ingcinezelo, nesiphelo kuphela kokufa kukaStalin.

Imvelaphi wamnika ukhuseleko ukususela kuhlaselo lwe theoreticians of ngokoqobo yobusoshiyali, kodwa inkululeko kakhulu kwizifundo ezikhethiweyo kunye nendlela yokuvakalisa yabo bekuza ziye zakhokelela ukuba ukuvula ungquzulwano yembono nenkqubo. Kwenzeka ukuba ngoko nangoko emva kokufa inkosi umsebenzi Petrov-Vodkin bezongena ngokucophelela up. Kwaba Kulula kakhulu ukwenza - ezinkulu kakhulu italente isikali ukuba kakhulu kulo lonke ihlabathi zobugcisa.

Ngowe-1939 umzobi wabulawa sephepha. Kodwa logama nje ngabantu aqonde ubukhulu lweetalente ukuvakalisa umbulelo kuye iimvakalelo ezintsha neengcinga apho, indlela yakhe iza kuqhubeka.