Umjikelo Rankine ephendulwa umphunga

Nangona inkqubela obuchwepheshe fast kakhulu, ungenza kuvamile ukubona imeko apho imigaqo esetyenziswayo kwizityalo mihla ukuba esafunyanwa kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Umzekelo, umjikelo Rankine, eyathi yasungulwa ngenkulungwane ye-19, lisetyenziswa turbines zomphunga ngoku.

Umsunguli enkulu

Umjikelo Rankine yafunyanwa ngama yamachiza Scottish kunye injineli owayehlala yaye esebenza kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba. Wayila sele ogama lakhe behlonipha-nzulu omkhulu, naye co-umseki obizwa zobugcisa.

William John Rankin wazalwa ngo-1820 e-Edinburgh, apho wayefunda kwi-Institute for iminyaka emithathu. Noko ke, ukugqiba le ndawo sisazinzulu ayaba nako ngenxa imeko enzima zemali. Kodwa oku akuzange kumthintele yamachiza unesiphiwo ukuphumeza inani obafunyanwa luncedo. Ngoko ke, ngo-1849 wamkela quadratic obizwa, echaza ubudlelwane phakathi amandla ngoomatshini kunye nobushushu. Kwakhona kwenziwe ulwakhiwo theory umphunga-injini yaqulunqa imigaqo esisiseko nto leyo yenza isiseko umsebenzi kule yunithi. La malungiselelo zenza inkqubo, leyo wanikwa igama wokuwonga elaa sisazinzulu - Rankine umjikelo.

Iimbalasane

Lo mjikelo of operation ibinzana theoretical component iinkqubo thermodynamic olwenzeka ngexesha izityalo amandla yomphunga kwimo phindo. Sinako ukwahlula imisebenzi ezinjengamanzi ifakiwe kule mjikelo:

• ulwelo ngokomphushu noxinzelelo oluphezulu;
• iimolekyuli amanzi karhulumente sukube siyanda;
• umphunga emanzi lushwankathela phezu iindonga ngesitya;
• uxinzelelo Ulwelo luyanda (wabuyela ixabiso lokuqala).

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba ukusebenza wobushushu yale umjikelezo kisekiyo ngqo lobushushu sokuqala. Kwakhona, ukusebenza kwale nkqubo kubangelwa kwengcinezelo kunye nemeko thermal le salathisi kwi reference isikhundla kunye iplagi.

ephendulwa umphunga

Le yunithi a injini ubushushu, ngenxa apho amandla wombane wenziwa. Amacandelo aphambili kule ufakelo angamelwa kuluhlu ilandelayo:

• yingxenye eziphathekayo, nto leyo iquka plane kunye iincakuba eqhotyoshelwe kuso;
• ilungu emileyo ukuba amacandelo ezifana umlomo kunye stator.

umsebenzi wofakelo ingachazwa ngale ndlela. Amanzi kwi imeko sukube kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu kwaye xi kufakwa amanzi esatsiba samanzi. Apha, kwi Velocity supersonic eliguqula amandla olunokubakho ibe isibini entshukumo, apho iperi isuntswana eziqhutywa. Oku, idala njengomlambo igesi aye kwi-blade samanzi. Ujikelezo ezi zinto ebangela ukuba plane ukuhamba, ngaloo ndlela ukuvelisa umbane. Further amafu zomphunga, kwaye luhlala kuzo i-amanzi ekhethekileyo ibande ukusuka kulwelo iyafika kwakhona miso ubushushu. Ngoko ke, kukho phindo zeentsebenzo, ukuba ikhutshwa phandle kumjikelo Rankine.

Lo mgaqo lisetyenziswa iinkqubo izityalo amandla enyukliya, njengoko isetyenziswa ngeeyunithi injini stand-alone ukulungiselela ukuveliswa kwamandla. Esi sikimu yeyona esebenzayo nenoqoqosho. Izityalo osebenza imigaqo Rankine, isasazwe ehlabathini lonke.