Umlando weRashiya kunye nompolitiki uYuri Afanasyev

Ngexesha leenguqu ezinkulu ezigqityiweyo kwiminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe yeminyaka yeSoviet Union, kukho inani lamanani abalulekileyo ababa ngumqondiso wale xesha. U-Yuri Afanasyev - upolitiki weRashiya, ososayensi kunye nomntu wesinye sabantu. Washiya eli hlabathi ngeSeptemba 14, 2015. Sisiphi esinye isizathu sokubheka ngokucophelela ngobuntu balo mntu ongavamile.

Biography Facts

Umongameli weRashiya waseRussia u-Afanasyev wazalelwa ngoSeptemba 5, 1934 kwidolophana elincinci laseVolga. Akukho nto yaziwa malunga neminyaka emininzi yexesha elizayo "umongameli we-perestroika." Kodwa ingqwalasela ifanelekile ukuba emva kokugqitywa esikolweni esiphakeme, waya kwikomkhulu kwaye wangena kwiyunivesithi ehloniphekileyo kwiSoviet Union. Emva kokufunda kwi-Faculty of History, iYunivesithi yaseMoscow yeNyuvesi yathunyelwa ngu-Komsomol umyalelo ukuya kwiSiberia ekude ekwakhiweni kwesikhululo samandla esilawuli saseKrasnoyarsk.

Kulo lwakhiwo lokwakha u-Yuri Afanasyev wasebenzisa iminyaka engama-9. Umsebenzi wakhe njengomsebenzi weKomsomol wawuquka ukufumana kunye nokuhlala kwabantu abatsha abathunyelwa ekwakhiweni kwimihlaba yonke yase-USSR. Ngowe-1966, u-Yuri Afanasyev, ongu-biography wayeqhelekileyo kwisigaba sokuqala, wabuyela eMoscow. Izinto ezinkulu zazilindele phambi kwakhe.

Umsebenzi wezesayensi

Emva kokubuyela kwikomkhulu, umsebenzi weKomsomol usebenze. Nangona kunjalo, inkonzo ye-nomenklatura kumalungu eQela kunye neKomsomol, wanquma ukutshintsha kwimisebenzi yenzululwazi. Ngo-1971, u-Yuri Afanasyev waphumelela kwi-Academy yezoLuntu kwiSayensi zeNtlalo phantsi kweCPS Central Central Committee. Emva koko uqala ukuqhuba imisebenzi esebenzayo yesayensi kunye nolawulo. Uphindwe kabini ukuhamba kwi-internship eFransi kwiYunivesithi edumile yaseSonbonne. Iimpapasho zakhe ziyabonwa kwihlabathi lezenzululwazi, eliqinisekisa ukuphuhliswa ngokuphumelelayo kwinkalo yomsebenzi kwi-Institute of General History ye-Academy of Sciences yase-USSR.

Uba ngugqirha wezenzululwazi zenzululwazi, unjingalwazi, ukhethwa ngumfundi we-Academy of Russian Academy of Natural Sciences. Ngowe-1983, u-Yuri Afanasyev waba ilungu lebhodi yokuhlela kwincwadi yeKommunist. Uqhuba umsebenzi osebenzayo uluntu, uthetha kumajelo aseburhulumenteni.

Ukunyamekela kwezopolitiko

Kwisiqingatha sesibini samashumi asibhozo, utshintsho olukhulu luyenzeka kwimpilo yentlalo kunye nezopolitiko zeSoviet Union. Ngaphambili kwimeko yezopolitiko ngabantu abatsha, phakathi kwabo nguYuri Afanasyev. I-biography yakhe yenza ujikelezo kunye nelizwe lonke. Ewe, le nto yayingengozi. Ngokuguqulwa kwimbali yeli lizwe, u-Yuri Afanasyev weza njengomntu ohloniphekileyo woluntu, ukuba uluvo lwakhe lwamkelwa ukuba luphulaphule. Olu lwazi lube ngenxa yeempapasho zakhe malunga nezihloko zentlalo nezembali. Ama-Afanasyev "kwihlabathi elitsha" kunye ne "Ogonek" ayinomdla kwaye wayevame ukubangela ingxoxo exhaphakileyo phakathi kwengcamango yokucinga yabantu baseSoviet.

Kuye wonke umntu ovunyelwene nombhali-mlando, kodwa iingcamango zakhe malunga nemfuneko yenguqu ebalulekileyo kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi bezenhlalakahle nezomnotho baseSoviet zawela emhlabathini olungiselelwe kwaye zahluma. Ngo-1989, u-Yuri Afanasyev ukhethwa nguSekela laBantu base-USSR. Kwiqumrhu elidumileyo lokuqala, uthatha inxaxheba kwiqela eliManyeneyo kwi-Interregional.

"Umphathi we-perestroika"

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka engama-80, u-Yuri Afanasiev, onokuthi umfanekiso wakhe udla ngokubonakala kumaphephambili ephambi kwee-periodicals, uba ngumnye walabo abanikwa uluvo lukawonkewonke olubandakanya utshintsho olwenziwa kwilizwe. Omnye ovela kwiintatheli uye wazicingela inkcazo encinci - "ii-superintendents of perestroika". Kodwa u-Yuri Afanasyev ngokwakhe wakhetha ukuzimisa kwisihloko eso. Emva koko, wagxininisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba wayehlala egxeka uMikhail Gorbachev kunye nesicwangciso apho inkqubo yezopolitiko yeSoviet Union iguqulwa.

Kodwa kunjalo, nguYuri Afanasyev owaba ngumlobi wenkcazo eyaziwayo "yesininzi sabantu abathobelayo", awayechaza njengengxenye ekhuselekileyo yamagosa enkomfa yokuqala. Le ntetho ecacileyo iye yafakwa ngokuqinileyo kwidilesi yezopolitiko yanamhlanje.

Iminyaka ezayo

Ngamawaka amabini amabini, u-Yuri Afanasyev wasuka ekusebenzeni kwezombusazwe. Iziphumo zezinto ezenzeke kwilizwe lenguqu zaphathwa ngaphandle kwentshiseko. Wayesoloko ethetha kumaphephandaba ngokugxeka ikhosi yezopolitiko zangoku zelizwe kwaye wabonisa inkxaso kwiinkokheli zenkcaso engeyiyo inkqubo. Kodwa iingxelo zakhe azange zidale isikhalazo esikhulu sikarhulumente . Igunya kunye nempembelelo yezopolitiko zidlulileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, asikwazi ukuthetha ukuba bayalilibala. Oku kubonakaliswa inani labantu abaza ngoSeptemba 17, 2015 ngenkonzo yomngcwabo womntu kwiSakharov Centre. U-Yuri Afanasyev wangcwatyelwa emangcwabeni e-Ostashkovsky kwisixeko saseMytischi esifundeni saseMoscow.