Umsebenzi Vula kwi qela ukulungiselela kwendalo, kwimathematika, ilitherasi

Ukuze ukutyhila nzulu umba obalulekileyo kwaye mlonyeni ezifana, njengoko inkqubo yemfundo kokuya esikolweni, kubalulekile ukukhumbula imbali pedagogy zabasakhasayo.

Isisekelo yeengcingane ootitshala zabasakhasayo

iklasi evulekileyo Full kwiqela wokulungiselela luhlobo esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwenkqubo yemfundo epriskuli. Ngelo xesha, utitshala Polish Yanom Komenskim wayegwetyelwe imfuneko yoqeqesho eyodwa zokufundisa.

K. D. Ushinskim kwakuthethelelwa, ulwalamano phakathi kweeklasi enkulisa kunye nezifundo sisafunda kumabanga aphantsi. A. P. Usovoy iziseko zemfundo yabantwana epriskuli sele ziphuhlisiwe kwaye izibonakalisile ukuba iklasi evulekileyo iqela wokulungiselela inceda ukuphuhlisa umntwana, ukulungiselela naye esikolweni.

Amanqanaba emfundo pre-school

Ootitshala amanqanaba ezimbini eziphambili yolwazi, lixhakamfule elo abantwana epriskuli.

• inqanaba lokuqala - ulwazi iyevakala ezifunyenwe ngenxa yonxibelelwano eyodwa kunye noontanga, nabanye abantu ngexesha lo mdlalo.
• Lo ngumphakamo wesibini - ulwazi nezakhono abazifumene yi umntwana kwinkqubo yokufunda.

Kwakhona, kukho iindidi ezintathu imisebenzi yokufunda zabasakhasayo enxulumene ngqo kids intshukumisa kwengqondo:

• uyakwazi ukuphulaphula ngenyameko isifundo ezinikwe ingcaciso kwaye agcine abadala khosi kunye neendlela nokuphunyezwa;
• ukukwazi ukuvavanya umsebenzi kwenziwa izifundo weendawo kule nkampani katitshala nje kuphela, kodwa oontanga uthole;
• ukukwazi ukufezekisa ezo njongo ngokufumana ukuba kuphela isisombululo okanye eziliqela iindlela okwenyaniso, nothi ukuphuculwa inxenye umkhapheli ziya kunceda ukufezekisa isisombululo.

Ukubaluleka Imisebenzi yemfundo epriskuli

Nakweyiphi na iseshoni evulekileyo kwiqela wokulungiselela kucingwa indlela esebenzayo yemfundo yabantwana zabasakhasayo.

ootitshala abaziintloko kwengqondo baye bafunda imiba enxulumene ukusetyenziswa engqesho njengoko uhlobo engundoqo phambi yemfundo yamaziko angaphambi kokuya.

In pedagogy pre-school banamhlanje (GEF) njenge didi evulekileyo iqela wokulungiselela kunempembelelo entle zokuziphuhlisa bona buqu neze ngokwasengqondweni, kwakunye nokulungiselela ngokupheleleyo-epheleleyo esikolweni.

Forms kunye neendlela kweeklasi epriskuli

Kweli xesha xesha kukho uphuculo rhoqo yemisebenzi extra-curricular ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo: waba entsonkothileyo kakhulu kwaye kunabisa isiqulatho kanye imfundo pre-school, ukufuna iintlobo ngempumelelo ubudlelwane phakathi imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Iya isanda, umzekelo, i iklasi evulekileyo kwiqela ukulungiselela ootitshala zokusingqongileyo uzama ukwenza ngohlobo komdlalo, ngaleyo ndlela abantwana uthole nomdla ekufundeni.

Okwangoku, ootitshala abaninzi uthuthela yamaqela ukuba basebenze ngokwamaqela amancinane. A intsingiselo efanayo unako ukuphucula umgangatho wemfundo, ngenxa yokuba abantwana indlela ngamnye budibane ngokukhawuleza umbandela yeengcingane, bafumane izakhono ezisebenzisekayo.

Kwi kuthambekela owayephila kwinkqubo yemfundo yamaziko angaphambi kokuya

Phakathi lweentsingiselo ezintsha asetyenziswa ngokukhutheleyo epriskuli, kuyimfuneko ukuba kubabela elo nokwakhiwa kweeklasi zophuhliso iinkqubo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuthe ngcembe uba imisebenzi enzima ngakumbi kufundiswa ootitshala imisebenzi eklasini konke okusemandleni abo ukuze usondeze kubomi eqhelekileyo kokuya esikolweni abantwana ukudala iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu ekuziphuhliseni neengqondi kwabantwana.

Zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwemfundo pre-school

EyamKelekileyo ukunika iindlela ezifana kwemfundo pre-school:

• ngabanye;
• iqela;
• ngaphambili.

Ukukroba yabelwa ixesha ekhoyo kwizinto ezenziwa esikolweni, umsebenzi ngamnye kunye nabantwana. Phantsi umxholo kwemfundo pre-school ngokuqhelekileyo kakuhle imisebenzi enjalo:

• nezemidlalo;
• kwisifundo-umdlalo;
• zabasebenzi;
• elinemveliso;
• yelenqe-nxaxheba-idlala.

Kubume kunye neendlela zengqesho kunye eyodwa

Kukho iinkqubo ezizodwa zibalekela ootitshala zabasakhasayo. Umsebenzi ukufunyanwa kwiqela amalungiselelo kwizibalo ze FGT na isakhiwo ecacileyo, oko kumiselwa iimpawu kunye nesiqulatho lwemisebenzi epriskuli.

Enoba ezi zinto kwi nawuphi na umsebenzi olongezelelweyo kufuneka ube zahlulo zithathu, ezo indlela amaqhina oqhagamshelwano kunye nomxholo, oko: ekuqaleni siganeko, ikhondo lengqesho, ngokunjalo ekupheleni.

Qala izifundo

Ukusuka an open umsebenzi kwiqela ukulungiselela zemathematika utitshala kufuneka babeke abantwana phezu umsebenzi ezayo, zithumele ingqalelo zabo, imeko ngokweemvakalelo abantwana, ngokucacileyo chaza ingxaki. Ngokusekelwe kwezi nkcazelo, abantwana isicwangciso babo amanyathelo, kufuneka baqonde ukuba yintoni algorithm lo msebenzi, yaye yintoni umphumo kufuneka ifunyanwe.

ulwandlalo

Umsebenzi ukufunyanwa kwi qela ukulungiselela kwihlabathi elibangqongileyo (okanye omnye uqeqesho) ngumsebenzi ozimeleyo ngokwasengqondweni okanye bobuqili kokuya esikolweni abantwana, nezibabandakanya ekufundeni izakhono ezithile kunye nolwazi ezibekwe umkhapheli ekuqaleni iiklasi. Esi sigaba sibandakanya individualization kweeklasi kunye neendlela zoqeqesho ngokuthobela ngokupheleleyo kunye nkcukacha zokucinga, umyinge ukwetyisa, inqanaba yomntwana uphuhliso. Kweli nqanaba unyango kubantwana uthole kunokwenzeka kuphela kwiimeko zonxunguphalo, xa usana engalunganga. Abo abakwisikolo sabantwana abo ingqalelo, inkumbulo elungileyo, izakhono, thelekisa, ukuhlalutya, utitshala kufuneka inike uncedo encinci.

Umzekelo, xa kuqhutywa isifundo evulekileyo iqela wokulungiselela kwi sicelo, kwanele ukuba ukukhumbula, uthumele, ukunika ingcebiso kubafundi amnike ithuba ukufumana indlela yabo ngaphandle meko.

Isiphelo yomsebenzi

Umboneleli kufuneka ukubona isiphumo sokugqibela umsebenzi kokuya esikolweni abantwana, ukuba ukuhlola ekukhuleni kwayo, ukuyilwa izakhono ezithile kunye nobuchule. Uyacetyiswa ukuba ukuvula eklasini wokulungiselela qela kuba ihlabathi olwalungaphandle ukubala epheleleyo, uvavanyo imisebenzi kids. Kukho unxulumano ngqo phakathi yobudala yabantwana, iimpawu zabo ngamnye nokuntsonkotha imisebenzi yokufunda phambi kwabo.

Ngalinye iiklasi epriskuli unokuba iimpawu zayo ezithile, konke oko kuxhomekeke iinjongo, kwakunye necandelo ethathwe iiklasi. Ngokomzekelo, enye kwiklasi evulekileyo iqela wokulungiselela kwi lokufunda nokubhala ubasukelayo le njongo njengoko echanileyo yokubiza amagama anzima, ukukwazi ukwakha isindululo ethile. Ukuba utitshala usebenzisa kwiindlela zakhe kumsebenzi abucala, kufuneka isikhokelo esicacileyo kuzo zonke nqanaba zengqesho, ngokunjalo sibandakanye vangama.

Emva kokuba iklasi evulekileyo kwiqela ukulungiselela yemathematika epheleleyo, utitshala ngokuhlalutya uphuhliso lweenjongo zenkqubo mntwana, sichaza isicwangciso kunye nokuqulethwe kule misebenzi ilandelayo.

Ubume umsebenzi Dow busenza ukuba uvavanyo ulwazi, abakwisikolo sabantwana izakhono. Olu hlolo lwenziwa kwinkqubo lokugcina indlela abantwana eklasini, kuhlalutywa iziphumo zomsebenzi wabo nokuziphatha abantwana ngexesha lomdlalo.

Ngomhla Ukuhlelwa Imisebenzi in eziguqulweyo

Namhlanje wasebenzisa kudidi ekhethekileyo yonke imisebenzi yenziwe nabantwana abakwiminyaka zabasakhasayo. Kuxhomekeka isethi yemisebenzi yayisetyenziselwa, ezifana yabantu evulekileyo ukulungiselela iqela eziphilayo nga lungohlulwa lube zezi ntlobo zilandelayo:

• kuyimfuneko ukuze kahle izakhono nolwazi olutsha;
• ukuqinisa izakhono ezikhoyo;
• izifundo zobuchule and practical;
• imisebenzi Ludityanisiwe luqhutyiwe ukusombulula ezahlukeneyo iingxaki zemfundo.

Ngokutsho umxholo ulwazi zonke iiklasi epriskuli ufanele division:

• kwezi seshoni odidi luqhutyelwe iinxalenye ezithile zoqeqesho;
• phezu izifundo ezihlanganisiweyo, ebandakanya izihloko ezininzi zemfundo.

Nakweyiphi na iseshoni evulekileyo iqela wokulungiselela kumxholo va nga kuthathelwa ingqalelo indibanisela njani ukuba ngokukhawuleza ukusombulula imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yayisetyenziselwa (ukuxelela abantwana malunga iinkwenkwezi, ukuhambahamba esibhakabhakeni, ukuze baphuhlise izakhono zabo creative).

Ngokuphathelele umxholo leeklasi kokuya esikolweni, siphawula ukuba kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa ulwazi ukusuka kwiindawo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo, ukwenzela ukuba umntwana uza kuba nembono elidityanisiweyo yehlabathi ngeenxa zonke kuye. kwiiklasi Integrated ngokuthobela ngokupheleleyo kunye Umba wophuhliso yomntwana ngamnye. ukuqhuba iiklasi nkalo zilandelayo kulindeleke ukuba DOE:

• Nolwazi kunye nokusingqongileyo;
• uphuhliso enkulisa abantwana;
• uyilo kunye nomsebenzi olubonakalayo;
• iiklasi umculo;
• uqeqesho ngokomzimba;
• azakhele uqeqesho iyevakala ngokomzimba.

Kukho iimfuno ezithile ukuze inkqubo yemfundo yamaziko angaphambi kokuya (GEF), esekelwe phezu kwazo kwaye ukudala inkqubo wena yophuhliso abantwana zabasakhasayo.

Iprogram ibandakanya zonke iiklasi epriskuli kufuneka banikwe:

• ulwazi oluthile malunga iimpawu kunye neempawu zezinto kunye notshintsho zazo, ulwalamano algorithm yezenzo, lo nokwenziwa ephambili, ukwanda kolwazi, ukudityaniswa, ngokunjalo gabalala zabo;
• kumthamo kwezakhono eziluncedo kwimeko iintlobo ezinemiphumela imisebenzi noqeqesho;
• inani izakhono eziyimfuneko imisebenzi yokufundisa nokufunda ngendlela eyiyo nokudaleka kokuqala kunye nophuculo, ngokunjalo isicelo.

Ubukhulu imixholo eklasini yokufunda ingqalelo Ubungakanani benkumbulo, lwee- abantwana zabasakhasayo, umthamo wabo yengqondo.

Phakathi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoqeqesho kwindawo ekhethekileyo uthole kwindawo nohambo. Ngexesha excursion utitshala ukulawula nokusombulula emfundo, kwaye iingxaki zemfundo.