Indian Ocean: isikwere kunye feature

Yintoni na indawo Indian Ocean? kanye igama amanzi ithetha amanani enkulu kangangoko. Ngoko nangoko kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo into yokuba i-Indian Ocean inkulu ubekwa kwindawo yesithathu phakathi imizimba ezifanayo amanzi emhlabeni wethu. Xa ebanzi yolwandle kumgama imalunga 10 ophosa. Eli xabiso zibukeke inxulumanisa ngongoma kumazantsi eAfrika ne Australia. Le ibekwe phakathi amazwekazi ezine: Antarctica, Eurasia, eAfrika Australia. Ngoko ke, yintoni na le ndawo Indian Ocean (mln. Km2)? Eli nani million 76,174 macala onke. M. km.

Jonga imbali

I-Indian Ocean ukuya emantla ukuya kufikelela ingena ilizwe ukuba abantu bamandulo zehlabathi ikuchaza njengokuba ulwandle enkulu kakhulu. Kuyinto kula manzi, ubuntu waqalisa ukuhamba wayo wokuqala ezihamba imigama.

On iimephu ezindala ngayo (okanye mandithi, inxalenye entshona) ebizwa ngokuba 'Eritrea uLwandle ". Kwaye ke amaRashiya amandulo Umbize Black. Kwinkulungwane IV yaba yokuqala ukuvela amaqabane kunye negama yangoku: yesiGrike "Indikon Pelagos" - "The Sea Indiya", Arabic Bar-El-Hindi - "Indian Ocean". Kwaye sele ukususela ngenkulungwane XVI, phesheya ngokusesikweni hydronym, leyo yaphakanyiswa yi umphengululi waseRoma.

geography

Indian Ocean, kunye kwindawo enasilela ngayo Pacific kunye Atlantic, omncinane kwaye lifudumele kakhulu kwemithombo data. Le umzimba ngamanzi ufumana inani nemilambo mmandla, inkulu kubo - i-Limpopo, oyiHidekele, iGanges kunye umEfrate. Amanzi olwandle Okolomaterikovye ezi turbid ngenxa yobuninzi nodongwe nesanti, eziqulathe kubo omlambo, kodwa open nesibhakabhaka yamanzi ngayo ngokumangalisayo acocekileyo. Kwi-Indian Ocean iziqithi ezininzi. Abanye babo - bhasi kwelizwekazi yamandulo. Eyona inkulu - eMadagascar, eSri Lanka, Ghana, Maldives, Seychelles kunye nabanye abaninzi.

iilwandle ezisixhenxe zokupaka ezintandathu, kwakunye ezinye okubandezeleka le Indian Ocean. indawo yabo ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-11 square metres. km. Eyona idumileyo - Red (manzi amtyuba ehlabathini), i-Arabhu, uLwandle Andaman, i wasePersi kunye ke Bay of Bengal.
Ocean ibekwe phezu ziitectonic plates amandulo, iyileyo ihamba kude kube ngoku. Ngenxa yale nto ke, sifunda tsunami rhoqo kunye mlilo mlilo kwamanzi.

indices zezulu

Indian Ocean, indawo ngaphezu kwezigidi 76 square metres. km, ibekwe kwimimandla ezine zezulu. North emlanjeni nempembelelo kweli lizwekazi Asian, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba kwakukho itsunami rhoqo eqhelekileyo elingenazo kwemozulu. Ngenxa amaqondo aphezulu amanzi itshiswe kakuhle, ngoko ke ulwandle nemifula apho kunayo yonke. Emzantsi, alawulwa yimimoya zorhwebo mpuma kunye umoya wakhe ebandayo. Xa phakathi nezitshi ixesha elininzi.

Indlela imozulu lonke kwakhiwa zemvula - imimoya ukuba ukutshintsha ulwalathiso ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyaka. ababini kubo nje: ehlotyeni - ezishushu lemvula kunye nobusika, kunye utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwimozulu, maxa wambi ekhatshwa izaqhwithi nezikhukula.

Enezityalo nezilwanyana

Indian Ocean, nto leyo indawo enkulu ngokwaneleyo, ine i flora ezahlukeneyo kakhulu nezilwanyana, kokubini kumhlaba kwaye inxalenye emanzini. Tropical zizityebi kwizidalwa, leyo, ngokungafaniyo wePasifiki, ligcwele eziphilayo ezikhanyayo. A Inani enkulu intlanzi, jellyfish kunye squid. Wentlanzi zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo volatile, enobuhlungu inyoka ulwandle, tuna, iintlobo eziliqela ookrebe. babeziindleko Amanzi uyakwazi ukubona iminenga, seals namahlengesi. Coast wakhethwa Ufudo ezinkulu kunye amatywina elephant.

Ukususela ezahlukeneyo iintaka ukuba iialbatross eziBekekileyo kunye awahlali. Kwaye kumazantsi Afrika kukho bakuyo ezahlukeneyo penguins. Xa amanzi nzulu le neekorale kukhula, maxa wambi kusenziwa iziqithi yonke. Phakathi kwezi yoyilo ezimnandi ekhaya amalungu amaninzi ale ngingqi - urchins ulwandle korale, oononkala, iziponji, izixhobo iintlanzi.

Njengayo nayiphi na umzimba ngamanzi, i-Indian Ocean igcwele neentlobo ezininzi lisiza. Umzekelo, Sargassum ezifumanekayo kummandla wePasifiki. Kukho kwakhona litotamnii iluhlaza yaye womelele nekorale uncedo halimedy ukwakha akaphumelelanga turbinarii kunye Caulerpa bokwakha yonke jungle kwamanzi. zone isimo mangroves ngamaza abanyuliweyo - elingqingqwa, amahlathi luhlaza.

Iimpawu zoqoqosho le Indian Ocean

I-Indian Ocean yahlulwe phakathi nomsinga 28 8 Island States. Ngenxa yokuba ezinye iintlobo sentlanzi sele kusecicini nokuphelelwa, kuphuhliswa kanye kakhulu whaling yorhwebo kuba ize. Fishing kuthatha ipesenti encinane noqoqosho kule ngingqi. Kufuphi nonxweme Australia, Bahrain kunye Sri Lanka wavelisa nacre nentsimbi.

Olwandle iliziko zothutho kunazo for iinqanawa kule ngingqi. Main hub izithuthi elwandle - Suez Canal, edityaniswe i-Indian Ocean ukuya Atlantic. Ukusuka apho, indlela uvulekile eYurophu eMelika. Phantse inkoliso ubomi yoshishino mmandla buzinze emizini kwizibuko - Mumbai, Karachi, Thekwini, Colombo, Dubai kunye nabanye.

Ngenxa yokuba le ndawo Indian Ocean (million km2) ingaphezulu kwe-76, le ndawo ubamba isixa omkhulu zezimbiwa. iidipozithi Huge zesinyithi non-ayoni kunye ores. Kodwa ubutyebi ephambili Ngokuqinisekileyo ioli sisityebi kunye negesi. ukuba bagxila becala kwi shallows ze nePersian Gulf kunye nePersian oluBomvu.

Ngelishwa, izenzo zabantu uba emngciphekweni ingqibelelo kunye nolondolozo ehlabathini. Ngaphesheya Indian Ocean kwinani elikhulu zidlula isiphekepheke neenqanawa zorhwebo. Naziphi na ukuvuza, nokuba incinane, kunokuba yingozi wonke loo mmandla.