Umthombo wamanje: ulungile kwaye uyinyani

Umthombo wamanje (IT) ungathathwa njengesistim sombane esondla okwangoku zombane kwisiphaluli sangaphandle , ezizimeleyo kwimizi yecandelo leesekethe kunye nalo ngokwalo.

Ipropati ehlukeneyo ye-IT yinto enkulu (inkulu enkulu kwi-intanethi) ukungqinelana kwangaphakathi R _vn . Kutheni kunjalo?

Cinga ukuba sifuna ukudlulisela i-100% yamandla ukusuka kumthombo wamandla ukuya kumthwalo. Oku kukudluliselwa kwamandla.

Ukuhambisa i-100% yamandla ukusuka kumthombo ukuya kumthwalo, kuyimfuneko ukusabalalisa ukumelana kwesekethe ukwenzela ukuba umthwalo ufumane lo mandla. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba ulwahlulo lwangoku.

Ngoku ihlala ilandela umkhondo omfutshane, ukhetha umzila oncinci. Ngoko ke, kwimeko yethu, kufuneka siququzelele umthombo kunye nemithwalo ngendlela ebenokuqala ukuxhathisa ngaphezu kwesibini.

Esi siqinisekiso sokuthi i-current iya kuphuma ukusuka kumthombo ukuya kumthwalo. Yingakho sisisebenzisa kulo mzekelo umthombo okhoyo wamanje onokungaxinzeli kwangaphakathi. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuhamba kwamanje ukusuka kwi-IT kunye nomzila omfutshane, oko kukuthi, ngomthwalo.

Ekubeni i- _{b b} yomthombo ikhulu kakhulu, imveliso ekhoyo ukusuka kuyo ayiyi kutshintsha (nangona utshintsho kwintengo yokumelana nomthwalo). Ixesha langoku liya kudla ukuhamba ngokungapheliyo kwe-IT ukuya kumthwalo onokumelana nokunyamekela. Oku kubonisa imveliso yangoku ikhefu yomthombo ofanelekileyo.

Ngoxinzelelo olukhulu lwangaphakathi lwe-IT, nayiphi na inguqu kwixabiso lokumelana nomthwalo ayinayo impembelelo ekuphakameni kwamanje ejikelezayo kwisiphaluka sangaphandle somthombo ofanelekileyo.

Ukumelana nokungaxhasi kummandla wesiphaluka kwaye awuvumeli ukutshintsha okwangoku (nangona kukho ukuguquka kokumelana nomthwalo).

Makhe sijonge kwisiphaluka esinomthombo okhoyo wangoku, uboniswe ngezantsi.

Ekubeni i-IT inokumelana nokungapheli, ikhoyo ngoku iphuma kumthombo iqala ukuzifumana indlela yokuncinci, ubunzima be-8Ω. Zonke ezikhoyo ezisuka kwimvelaphi yangoku (100 mA) zihamba nge-resistant load 8Ω. Icala elifanelekileyo ngumzekelo we-100% osebenza ngamandla.

Ngoku ke sijonge kwi-schema ene-IT yangempela (njengoko iboniswe ngezantsi).

Lo mthombo unokumelana ne-megohms eyi-10, ephakamileyo ngokwaneleyo ukubonelela ngoku ngokusondeleyo kwixabiso elipheleleyo lemithombo ye-100 mA, kodwa kule ngxaki, i-IT ayiyi kukhulula i-100% yamandla ayo.

Oku kungenxa yokuba ukungqinelana kwangaphakathi komthombo kuza kuthatha ezinye zezinto ezikhoyo, okubangele ukuvuza okuthile.

Ingabalwa ngokusebenzisa ukucoca okuthile.

Umthombo uvelisa i-100 mA. Le yangoku ikwahlula phakathi kokumelana nomthombo we-10 MΩ kunye no-8Ω umthwalo.

Ukubalwa okulula kunokukwazi ukubona ukuba yiyiphi inxalenye yokuhamba kwamanqanaba okwakhiwa kwe-8Ω

I = 100 mA -100 mA (8x10 ^-6 MΩ / 10MΩ) = 99.99mA.

Nangona imithombo esemgangathweni yamanje engekhoyo, isebenza njengomzekelo wokwakha i-IT yangempela, kufuphi nabo ngokwempawu zabo.

Ngokwenza oko, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamithombo zangoku zisetyenziswa, zihluke kwiisombululo zesiphaluka. I-IT elula ingaba ngumthombo wesiphaluka wamandla kunye nomxhasi oxhunyiwe kuyo. Olu khetho lubizwa ngokuba yi-resistive.

Umthombo wobuncwane obuhle kakhulu unokwakhiwa kwi-transistor. Kukho umthombo osisiseko we-serial wamanje kwi -transistor ye-effect-effect, eyi-PT kuphela ene-pn kunye kunye nesango elixhomekeke kumthombo.