Uphi na lo umda phakathi Asia naseYurophu

Kukholelwa ukuba umda phakathi Asia naseYurophu ubaleka ecaleni kummango i Urals, unxweme oLwandle lweCaspian kunye nenani imilambo kunye ezingxingongweni. Ubude ngendlela esinjalo malunga 6000 km.

Kukho enye indlela, apho umda uzotywe ecaleni yomlambo lommandla phambene neCaucasus. Khangela ukuba zeziphi uguqulelo kuyinyaniso, oko kuya kunceda imbali, uphando geographical belizwekazi.

ukuzithoba ekuqaleni

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo abantu baye wayezibuza apho iphela ilizwe ukuba yinxalenye yehlabathi. Malunga 3 amawaka eminyaka eyadlulayo, ilizwe kuqala kwemiqathango yohlulwe ngokwamacandelo 3: West, East, kunye Afrika.

AmaGrike amandulo ayekholelwa ukuba umda phakathi Asia naseYurophu udlula kuLwandle Black. Ngelo xesha kwathiwa ebhala. AmaRoma washukumisa umda kuLwandle Azov. Ngokutsho kwabo, iyantlukwano waya phezu kwamanzi Meotida, kuquka Strait of Kerch phakathi eYurophu Asia kunye noMlambo Don. Kwiincwadi zakhe, Polybius, yekaHerodotus, Pampony, Ptolemy noStrabo wabhala ukuba umda phakathi kwezahlulo yimbali zehlabathi, ukuba wenziwe kunxweme loLwandle Azov, inguqu kwamagingxi Don channel. izigwebo ezinjalo baye bahlala okwenyaniso de AD ngenkulungwane ye-18. izigqibo ezifanayo zanikezelwa nezazi Russian encwadini "Cosmography" umhla kwenkulungwane ye-17. Noko ke, ngo-1759 M. Lomonosov wagqiba ukuba umda phakathi Asia naseYurophu kufuneka kwenziwa phezu kwemilambo Don, iVolga kunye Pechora.

Ukuboniswa eminyaka 18-19

Ngokuthe ngcembe, ingqikelelo ukwahlulwa iinxalenye zomhlaba waqala ukubonakala kunye. YeziKronike aphakathi Arab wabubala amanzi ngaphandle iVolga kunye Kama nemilambo. The French wayekholelwa ukuba ukwahlula umgca ubaleka ecaleni kwebhedi omlambo OB.

Ngowe-1730, isindululo imida somfula phambene Iintaba utyunjwe isazinzulu Swedish Stralenberg. theory Identity kancinane ngaphambili ngezenzo zabo copyright kwaye kuchaziwe wezakwalizwi Russian Vladimir Tatishchev. Azindululayo ingcamango ukwahlulwa iindawo zehlabathi kuphela phezu kwemilambo yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Ngokutsho kwakhe, umda phakathi Asia naseYurophu kufuneka kwenziwa Belt Great ukuya kunxweme oLwandle lweCaspian kunye neentaba Taurisskih. Ngenxa yoko, zombini ithiyori weni kwelinye - ngokwahlukana ubaleka ecaleni kummango ndawo phambene.

Kuba ixesha elithile ingcamango Stralenberg Tatishcheva kunye atyeshelwa. Ngenkulungwane ye-18 emva ukuqondwa sokunyaniseka yomgwebo yabo kubonakala kwimibhalo Polunin, Falk, Shchurovsky. Ekuphela kwento abaphengululi bengavumelani, ukuba ekuqhubeni imida Miass.

Emva ngo-1790 esiphambili nguPallas ecetywayo ukunciphisa ukwahlulwa kwamathambeka akumazantsi emlanjeni iVolga, Jikelele Syrt, Manych kunye Ergeni. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba Asia wayekwiqela esezantsi lweCaspian. Ngenkulungwane ye-19, lo umda Undityhale umva kancinci ukuya ngasentshona - ukuya Emba emlanjeni.

isiqinisekiso ekuthiwa

Entwasahlobo-2010, i-Russian Society of zokuma amalungiselelo enkulu-isikali hambo ukuya kummandla Kazakhstan. Injongo yale iphulo ikuluhlu izimvo zincwadi jikelele yezopolitiko kumgca eyahlula iindawo zehlabathi - (. Bona ngezantsi ifoto) xitsunga. Umda phakathi Europe kunye Asia ukuba zenzeke kwi emazantsi yenduli phambene. Ngenxa yoko hambo, izazinzulu sele uqinisekile ukuba ukwahlukana bemgama ukusuka Chrysostom. Further phambene Mountains yaphela kwaye ezilahlekileyo eziboniswe axis. Kule ndawo, iintaba zahlulwe ifana eziliqela.

Phakathi kwabaphandi bajamelana nengxaki: yeyiphi nakummango ezaphukileyo ingqalelo iindawo umda zehlabathi. Ngexesha i uhambo ngakumbi kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba ukwahlukana oluchanekileyo kufuneka zenzeke phezu kweendonga zemilambo Emba kunye nemvelo. bona kuphela bayakwazi ukuqonda ngokucacileyo imida bokwenene kweli lizwekazi.

Enye nguqulo ukumisela ezimanyeneyo siqwenga hlula ET lweCaspian kukudakumba. Iingxelo zezazinzulu Russian zaye zithathelwe ingqalelo, Noko ke, ingqalelo i-International Telecommunication Union, abazange balinde.

umda lwangoku

Kangangexesha elide iimbono ezopolitiko akazange avumele amagunya yaseYurophu kunye Asia bavumelane kwisahlulo lokugqibela zehlabathi. Noko ke, kule nkulungwane yama-20 emva kwexesha, inkcazelo ezisemthethweni umda ishiyeka kubanjwa. Omabini la macala kwaphuma iingqiqo zenkcubeko nezembali. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-Division of Europe kunye Asia uhamba ngalo ezimanyeneyo Aegean, Marmara, Sea abaNtsundu noLwandle lweCaspian, i Bosporus kunye iDardanelles, amanzi Urals ukuya Arctic Ocean. Le umda imelwe sabheka eendawo ngamazwe. Ngoko ke, lo Urals - umlambo kuphela phakathi eYurophu Asia, apho ukwahlulwa.

Ngokusesikweni, Azerbaijan kunye Georgia inxenye kwi kummandla zombini iindawo zehlabathi. Istanbul wenza isixeko transcontinental of Bosporus kunye izincedisi eAsiya, naseYurophu. A isimo esifanayo kunye kwilizwe lonke yaye Turkey. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba isixeko Rostov kwakhona bobabo kwelaseAsiya, nangona kubekwe phezu kummandla Russia.

Isahlulo ngqo Urals

Lo mbuzo umda phakathi ezimanyeneyo iinxalenye zehlabathi ngesaquphe ndafumanisa i ingxoxo esebenzayo phakathi kwabemi kunye nabasemagunyeni Ekaterinburg. Into yokuba lo mzi phakathi eYurophu Asia okwangoku elinesibini ezimbalwa yeekhilomitha ukusuka kwindawo division eqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yokukhula ngokukhawuleza semida Yekaterinburg kwixesha elizayo kufutshane ilifa okumiselwe Istanbul, abe transcontinental. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ngo-17 km ukusuka Novo-eMoscow umendo kuye yamisa sisikhumbuzo, ebonisa umda ungamalungu ukukhanya. Kakhulu ezinomdla kakhulu isimo e endhawini mzi. Kukho kwakhona emanzini amakhulu, kunye neentaba, kunye nokuhlaliswa kwabantu. Kweli nqanaba umda uhamba nxamnye yomlambo kuMbindi Urals, yonke imihla kwezi ndawo bahlala eYurophu. Oku kukwasebenza Novouralsk, neentaba kwibhoyila, Birch, Varnachya, Hrastalnaya kunye Lake Chusovskoye. Le nyaniso ziyazalana kwi ukuchaneka kokwakhiwa Novo-Moscow umda wendlela yesikhumbuzo.

isimo transcontinental

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, Russia - lizwe ngobukhulu kwindawo umda ophakathi eYurophu Asia. Kwaziswa isaziso ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 kwi-UN summit. Xa iyonke kukho ezintlanu ithi transcontinental, kuquka i-Russian Federation.

Of abanye kufuneka yabelwe Kazakhstan. Eli lizwe ayikho yinxalenye Council of Europe, lungekhona unguwabo Asia. Xa republic nge 2.7 million square metres. km kwaye abemi abamalunga 17.5 million abantu isimo enjalo. Namhlanje ke yinxalenye yaseYurophu Community.

Phantsi kolawulo Council of Europe kuquka amazwe Kumda ezinjengezo Armenia naseSipro kwakunye eTurkey, Georgia and Azerbaijan. Ne-Russia nobuhlobo kumiselwa kuphela ngaphakathi kumda kwixesha ekuvunyelwene. Zonke ezi States zithathwa transcontinental. Alone kuzo Turkey. Ithatha kuphela 783 000 square metres. km, kodwa yenye kumaziko orhwebo kunye qhinga ezibalulekileyo Eurasia. Kuba nempembelelo bommandla basenobunzima abameli NATO kunye European Union. Inani labemi apha ngaphezulu kwezigidi 81 zabantu. ETurkey exit ngqo kweelwandle ezine: kwiMeditera, yeBlack Sea, Marmara kunye Aegean. Bufana imida kunye namazwe asibhozo, kuquka Greece, Syria kunye Bulgaria.

imizila transcontinental

Xa zizonke, zonke izakhiwo ziye bachitha ngaphezulu kwe $ 1.5 yezigidi zezigidi. Ibhulorho omkhulu phakathi Asia naseYurophu ubuxoki ngokusebenzisa Bosphorus. Ubude bayo ngumgama oziikhilomitha ezingaphezu kwe-1.5 kunye ububanzi-33 m. Bosphurus ibhulorho limisiwe, ngamanye lo entengo eziphambili ibekwe phezulu, kwaye isakhiwo ngokwayo ngokumila i arc. Ukuphakama kwenye indawo esembindini ulingana leemitha 165.

Ibhulorho akukho nentle ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ithathwa luphawu oluphambili enjalo Istanbul. Kuba kwakhiwa karhulumente ichithe malunga $ 200 ezigidi. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba abahambi sikhwele ibhulorho kuyathintelwa, ukuphepha amatyala ukuzibulala. Ndlela imali lezithuthi ngezantsi. Unga kwakhona ukhethe iibhulorho umda Orenburg kunye Rostov.

commemoratives Transcontinental

Inkoliso yala matye akhiwe Urals, Kazakhstan kunye Istanbul. uphawu yesikhumbuzo iStrait of Ugra Bowl kufuneka zenziwe kwabo. Sikhoyo kwi kwisiqithi Vaigach kwaye kwindawo yomntla umda phakathi eYurophu Asia.

Kakhulu mpuma zika axis transcontinental ziphawulwe kwi efikelela kuyo umlambo Malaya Shchuchya.

Ukusuka amatshe zesikhumbuzo nga uyazimela kwilali Providence, kwisikhululo phambene Ridge, phezu Sinegorsk lokuphumelela, Mount kwibhoyila, Magnitogorsk et al.