USuku lweAIDS lweHlabathi,-1 Disemba: kwimbali

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, izifo ezifana ne-AIDS, eyaziwa kuzo zonke iimbombo zomhlaba. Oku kufanele kuthiwa bhubhane elikhulu-isikali, onesibetho we-20 no-21 eminyaka th, isoyikiso sokwenene eluntwini. Rhoqo ngonyaka ngoDisemba 1 ihlabathi luSuku AIDS. Oku nje omnye umhla ebalulekileyo kwikhalenda, imini yesijwili nezigidi ezafa kwesi sifo esinganyangekiyo.

izibalo

Namhlanje, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-42 abahlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zehlabathi ubunzima ukusuka gciwane ebangela umntu intswelo omzimba. Yonke imihla, malunga 15,000 abantu eyele kudidi kwizigulane. USuku lweAIDS lweHlabathi,-1 Disemba, ijolise ukuyeka lo manani ezoyikekayo, ukunciphisa izinga ukusasazeka kwalo bhubhane ehlabathini jikelele.

A lokufumanisa embi

Njengokuba kuthiwe, nyaka ngamnye abantu babhiyozele uSuku lwe-AIDS kwiHlabathi Jikelele nge-1 Disemba. Imbali kwesi sifo kule labemi engama-35. Ngowe-1981, eUnited States okokuqala AIDS okanye AIDS, nto leyo ibangelwa immune ukunqongophala yintsholongwane ebantwini (HIV). Emva koko kwabakho intlanganiso engxamisekileyo amagosa ezempilo ehlabathini lonke, apho isivumelwano kwaye kwafikelelwa kuso ngokutshintshiselana ngolwazi malunga ne-HIV / AIDS kunye nentlonipho ukunyamezelana lwentlalo.

Ezinye izazinzulu ityala ukuphazamisana nyani HIV ukuba bosulelwe yi ebuhlungu le ntsholongwane yabantu kwi imi--20. leminyaka yokugqibela. Ngenxa yophando yakutshanje, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba ugqaliselo ubhubhane iye West Afrika. Ngowe-1959 wafa ngumntu wokuqala AIDS ehlabathini. Kunjalo, oko kwabhalwa okokuqala. Carrier le ntsholongwane yajika ukuba abe ngumhlali of Congo. Emva kweminyaka elishumi eUnited States amabhinqa iimpawu isidima lula esi sifo ziye zachongwa. Nangona abaphandi abangazange baqhoboshele nayiphi ngokubaluleka kule, ekhala ukuba ihenyukazi abagulayo ne pneumonia. Emva kweminyaka elithoba, ngowe-1978, kwanikelwa ingxelo kulo bhubhane nakujoliso olutsha ehlabathini lonke - eUnited States, Tanzania, Haiti naseSweden.

Ke kaloku, emva kweminyaka emithathu amaziko ezizodwa abathatha inxaxheba kulawulo kunye nokuthintela izifo, lanikwa ukwamkelwa ngokusemthethweni ubukho-HIV ne-AIDS. Kulo mzekelo isabelo ingonyama ngayo iziguli amafanasini. Ngelo xesha, 440 babethwele zentsholongwane efumaneka eUnited States, ukumqumbisa ukungabi sifo. Isiqingatha aba bantu abaye bafa.

Imvelaphi esi sifo: zonyango kwesayensi

Scientist Maykl Gotlib wagqiba ukuba unobangela sifo bazoyise kakhulu nezibilini yabantu nkqubo, elijongene nezifo. Ngowe-1982, iileta ezine IsiNgesi yaziwa ngokuba AIDS sifo "H" isekelwe kwinto yokuba uninzi intsholongwane immunodeficiency kokubetha amafanasini, baseHaiti, kwakunye ngamakhoboka eziyobisi, heroin ukuthunga, kwaye izigulane abaphethwe kubazali bakhe.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ubukho sifo zivunyelwe abhalwe ngaphambili abantwana bazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Noko ke, uphando zonyango zibonise ukuba izigulane GAWULAYO akaphathwa ezifunyenwe immunodeficiency virus, hayi, wafaka.

imvelaphi egazini esi sifo kuye kwafunyaniswa zizazinzulu eFransi - Montagnier. Ngowe-1983, kule nkovu kwiindawo ukubandezeleka ukusuka ntsholongwane ezinxulumene-AIDS yabantu kwafunyanwa, ogama LAV.

Emva konyaka, uRobert Gallo, lowo wongamele i-Institute of Ngeentsholongwane, University of Maryland, iye yakhupha ingxelo leyo wathi oyena nobangela ukuba isifo sifunyenwe. Uphando lwakhe kubandakanya ukwahlulwa le ntsholongwane egazini yesigulane. Qwaba a Igciwane ogama HTLV-III yaye kuyafana LAV.

Ngowe-1985, izazinzulu ziye zagqiba ukuba intsholongwane immunodeficiency luyasuka ukuba abantu ngelilelakhe igazi, ubisi lwebele kunye ngokwesondo. Ngenxa uvavanyo kuphuhliswa wanikela igazi kwakuqalisa ixesha lokuqala ukukhangela ubukho immunodeficiency virus.

Enye into kothusa wonke ngo-1986. Ekunye noogxa bakhe Montagnier zafumana intsholongwane entsha, leyo yabhaqwa e Guinea-Bissau kunye neCape Verde Islands. Uhlalutyo lokuthelekisa wabonisa ukuba zombini iintsholongwane - ihluke, yahlukile kwezinye izifo ngalinye ezibangelwa arhente ezahlukeneyo kunye ikhondo ezahlukeneyo sifo kunye neempawu. Kuye kwaboniswa ukuba zombini iintsholongwane, kukho kakhulu ixesha elide, ingakumbi, phambi kokuba ukusasazeka nobhubhane AIDS.

USuku World AIDS - Disemba 1

mazwi esemthethweni wabhengezwa ngo-1987 yi-World Health Organization, leyo ingxelo ukuba arhente causative izifo ezoyikekayo ezifana nogawulayo, yintsholongwane ebangela ukungabikho sifo ebantwini. Kulo nyaka, oko adopted inkqubo kunye neqhinga equka uthotho lwamanyathelo ejolise ekulweni esi sifo soyikekayo. Omnye wabo ukusungulwa ichiza "AZT", ezenzelwe ukuba alwe intsholongwane.

USuku lwe-AIDS kwiHlabathi Jikelele Disemba 1 yabhalwa kuqala ngo-1988. Lo mhla imele iinzame ezidityanisiweyo zabo bonke abantu abahlala kwiplanethi enguMhlaba, ekulweni le ntlungu embi. Umbutho le misebenzi ibandakanya ikakhulu inkxaso kuthintelo kunye nokufikelela ubuninzi kulwazi malunga nesi sifo. amazwe amaninzi ehlabathini, hayi nje kuphela kweli ngomhla ka Disemba 1 - uSuku lwe-AIDS kwiHlabathi Jikelele, kodwa ngaphambi nasemva kokuba izinto ezahlukeneyo ezijolise ekulweni AIDS wenziwe.

Uphawu edumileyo ngulo bhubhani

Namhlanje, abantu abaninzi bazi oku phawu njengoko iribhoni ebomvu. USuku lwe-AIDS ngoDisemba 1, izigidi zabantu njo iingubo zakhe abe ngumqondiso ukuba baqonde indlela ukoyikeka imiphumo kwesi sifo.

tape Red lwasungulwa 1991 yi wegcisa Frank Moore. Ingcamango yendalo ukuba ibolekwe kubamelwane, ngubani enxibe ezineeribhoni atyheli. Ngaloo ndlela babonisa ithemba labo libe ukubuya yokuqala intombi yakhe, ukuba enze emkhosini kwi nePersian Gulf.

Ngexesha ungquzulwano kwezomkhosi Gulf wabonakala kunye iirozeti eluhlaza, sifunda kwi nokumila V. unobumba Bafuzisela ubukrakra ilahleko ebangelwe ngokubulawa kwabantwana e Atlanta. Ngenxa yoko, igcisa New York ugqibe ukuba isimboli yokulwa AIDS nako ibhanti. Iribhoni ebomvu namhlanje nje phawu nendlela, kwaye unique, intetho ongekho mthethweni, esithi ngoDisemba 1 - uSuku lwe-AIDS kwiHlabathi Jikelele - isibetho kwenkulungwane. Le eyoyikekayo, isifo esinganyangekiyo noonobangela yawo Akudingeki ukuba alwe.

iingcali Ukuthengisa kunye namagcisa yonke ingqiqo ukuqaliswa kwale uphawu isikweko kwimisebenzi ejoliswe ekuthinteleni esi sifo iye yaphuhliswa. Ngokusesikweni, le «iprojekthi IRibhoni eBomvu" yasekwa ngo-2000 kwi-45 le ngokusesikweni uTony Awards. amalungu ayo Abatyunjelwe kulo iribhoni ebomvu kunye ukuphepha pin kwi inzipho ekuqondeni umqondiso uvelwano kunye ithemba lekamva ngaphandle AIDS. Uninzi bonke xa wonke umntu wayefuna ngexesha uSuku lwe-AIDS kwiHlabathi Jikelele,-1 Disemba, amaribhili ebomvu kunxitywa bonke abemi uMhlaba.

Bebabethe ugwetyelwe. Kungekudala emva koko uphawu ebomvu zaye zasasazeka kakhulu kwaye phantse ibe yinxalenye imbopheleleko yenu umhombiso phezu iziganeko ezininzi zentlalo. Ngaba amvimbe, kwaye iqela olunamandla amanyathelo othintelo, ezo ke ngelo xesha kwakukho abaninzi.

HIV and AIDS: yintoni umahluko

Amaxesha amaninzi ezi ngcamango zimbini kuthiwa ntonye. Noko ke, okubaluleke engalunganga. AIDS kukuba i immunodeficiency ebantwini. Ukuze oku kungabangela ezininzi yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwazo zinzima, ixesha elide, izifo ezondeleyo, imitha, malformations iziphene, utshintsho ezinxulumene-ubudala umzimba, iziyobisi esinamandla kunye namayeza. yesilungu ubiza AIDS ongamphambi kokugqibela koKuhlala ibakala zentsholongwane ukutshatyalaliswa immunodeficiency.

HIV ezahlukeneyo ngendlela ekhethekileyo ngokoyiswa. Usuleleko sinwenwa ngokukhawuleza kwaye edala nokunqongophala nokoyika sifo nto leyo, kudale umhlaza, usulelo kunye nezinye izifo eziziisekondari.

transmission indlela

USuku lwe-AIDS kwiHlabathi Jikelele - 1 Disemba - ngonyaka uba umhla yoyikekayo ukuba izigidi zabantu abo sengqondo badla nankathalo bona impilo yabo. Indlela ephambili intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni womntu igazi. Yiba othwala intsholongwane lunokwenzeka kwaye ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo, amaxesha amaninzi oko kwenzeka ngokudibana zobufanasini. Kwakhona, unina lowo abanentsholongwane banokuyidlulisela umntwana esibelekweni, ngumkhaya, xa usana udlula emjelweni wokuzalwa, ubisi lwebele wondla. Okuyingozi kule nkalo, kwaye zobuqu izinto zempilo ezifana iireyiza, kunye nebrashi zokuhlamba amazinyo, kunye nezinye izinto ezifanayo. indlela okuphumisayo kwakunye endleni kunye nomchamo aba abathwali ntsholongwane.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni womntu - ngesikhumba onakeleyo mucosal ngexesha ukuxilongwa okanye iinkqubo zokunyangwa iinkqubo ephilayo izichumiso ngendlela ngumntu, izitofu ezidakumbisayo okanye ukubhalwa.

Kumazwe amaninzi yezigidi kwihlabathi leencwadana eshicilelweyo ebalisa ukosuleleka yintsholongwane. Baya ihambe uSuku lwe-AIDS kwiHlabathi Jikelele nge-1 Disemba. Uthintelo - sixhobo ephambili ekulweni esi sifo.

iqela ubungozi

Isifo ziqhelekileyo kuchaphazela amafanasini kunye nabantu phambili kakubi. Esinye isigaba - Abaxhomekeki kwiziyobisi abasebenzisa iziyobisi yegazi. Inxalenye eyinhloko abantwana abagulayo lesi sifo kubazali babo une AIDS une-HIV. Indawo yesibini nekuhlala wokosulela abantwana, abenza ngaphandle kokutofelwa igazi. Ungcoliseko kwabasebenzi bezempilo zakohlwaywa iingcali ibidibene negazi kunye nezinye iziselo kwezigulane ne-HIV okanye i-AIDS.

Le ntsholongwane ukulala ebantwini kweminyaka 10-12. Iimpawu zokuqala badla kubalelwa nezinye izifo, akanangozi kwaye musa kubanika ebaluleke kakhulu. Noko ke, kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba kule meko ngaphandle unyango olufanelekileyo HIV engena kwinqanaba lokugqibela - AIDS.

isiphelo

1 Disemba - The International Day of AIDS. Lo mhla ngonyaka ubiza lonke uluntu hlabathi nje uwuqonde lo sifo ukuza kuthi ga asikuko nokuba kuyabulala, kodwa ukuba sinyamezele abo sele inaso esi sifo. Kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, kufuneka baqonde ukuba ngamnye abahlala kule planethi - kufuneka iqondwe wokuthintela ebaluleke kakhulu kumlo impilo.