Virus H1N1: Iimpawu, Treatment kunye noThintelo

Abantu abaninzi serious umkhuhlane, ukhohlokhohlo okanye iqondo ke akukho ziyakhawuleza ebhedini kwaye abazange bonana nogqirha, kodwa ngezenzo. Iintsholongwane kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ngokuba ndithimla omnye kuphela, umzekelo, ukuba ibhasi ezixineneyo, yaye - voila - ukuba sigqibile! Umkhuhlane H1N1, ukubamba up with ukoyika kangaka, okanye nayiphi na enye flu bafumana intlaninge amaxhoba ezintsha. Kutheni? Ngenxa omnye oneninzi amaqhinga iintsholongwane influenza kukuba ukuhambisa kubo ngamathontsi emoyeni, amakhalane kakhulu lula kunye nemveliso. iqhinga lwabo lwesibini - a Ukwahluka ekhethekileyo. Xa umzimba ixhoba iqala ukuvelisa antibodies zentsholongwane wayofika siyitshabalalise, yena ngokukhawuleza litshintsha ubume iiprothini bayo, waba ukuguqulwa entsha, yaye ngoxa esi sifo. Yiyo loo nto zombini bhubhane asakhasayo, yaye oogqirha ukuphuhlisa amayeza amatsha.

Kutheni ebizwa flu

Abantu abaninzi bayazi ukuba imi- 20-kwinkulungwane yokugqibela eYurophu wayehamba ukufa phantsi igama "umkhuhlane Spanish". Wathabatha engcwabeni malunga ne-100 million earthlings. Kutshanje, izazinzulu ziye safunda iinkcukacha izinto kuthatyathwa isidumbu amaxhoba yomkhuhlane iSpanish wangcwatywa permafrost, bafumana intsholongwane H1N1. Ewe, nguwo yintsholongwane, nto leyo 2009 wabangela ukuba idalwa. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, wayedla iguqulwe, waba H2N2, i-H3N2, i-H1N2, ixesha ngalinye ebangela nobhubhani entsha. Ngaxa lithile, intsholongwane iye onalo kwi umntu iihagu, naphaya (mutated) ngendlela host entsha waza waba flu ukuba ungaphila kuphela izilwanyana. Ekuhambeni kwexesha kwakhona intsholongwane libetha indoda, kunye nokubonisa ubuchule zabo ezizodwa, kwakhona mutated, sivumelane kumnini omtsha. Ngeli xesha lohlengahlengiso uhlobo olutsha H1N1 iye yabangela ukuba iimeko-50 kuphela flu, nabantu, bubunjani imisebenzi yayo qha kunye nezilwanyana. Mutating ziyaphuhliswa eziluhlobo lwentsholongwane olungayi kuphela sivela ihagu emntwini, kodwa uqhubeka ukosulela abantu abatsha. Ekubeni ukuqhambuka kwesi sifo ekuthiwa umkhuhlane lusidla.

Yintoni AH1N1

Le leta "H" egameni sisidleleli kuthetha hemagglutinin - iproteni ibekwe phezu komhlaba aze abe uphawu yokuqala linamathela amaxhoba kwiiseli, kuba ngaphandle qhiwu, iintsholongwane influenza abaphili. Loo uhlobo "amakhalane" begazi kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu njengoko lixhoba intsholongwane ukuze ukhethe - umntu, isilwanyana okanye intaka. Leyo intsholongwane elifanayo abakwazi ukuhlala kuyo nayiphi esiphilayo. Nangona kukho ukuxolelwa. Ngoko ke, intsholongwane H1N1 ubhetyebhetye kangangokuba, ukuze nabo zingachaphazela iintaka kunye nezilwanyana, kunye nabantu. Le leta «N» lithetha neuraminidase enzyme. Yena kukha nomkhuseli ntsholongwane ngu omzimba. Ukongeza, kuyanceda ukwahlula iiseli kwamagciwane olulele kwaye ukungena epithelium sokuphefumla kwinkqubo ixhoba. Le leta "A" na uhlobo ntsholongwane. Kukwakho B no-C, kodwa A uthathwa ukuba anekhono kunazo lokuguquka, nangenxa kakhulu kunzima ukuqikelela.

isifo umahluko

H1N1 umkhuhlane ayikho okungaka ezahlukeneyo ukusuka classical abantu ngamaxesha nakuninzi lwenzeka ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki. Kodwa ke yena feature enye emibi - kuba ezinye ngamaxhoba oko kunokubangela inyumoniya zaseprayimari egazini, ongayi kuba nako ukuphiliswa kunye antibiotics (oku yahlukile pneumonia). Ukuba izigulane kunye intsholongwane H1N1 ebangele kwingxaki ngokohlobo pneumonia, akazange sisiqalo ziphathwe ngendlela efanelekileyo iimpawu yokuqala, baya kufa kwiintsuku. Le meko yaba ngexesha bhubhani 2009 nobangela ekufeni kubantu abamalunga 2 amawaka. Omnye umahluko ukusuka umkhuhlane yesiqhelo lusidla na isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye norhudo.

amaqela ingozi

H1N1 banokuyifumana nayiphi na intsholongwane, kodwa iingxaki ezisongela ubomi musa ukuphuhlisa kwaphela. Ngokutsho manani, lo benegxaki ukuvuza flu ngendlela kakhulu kwezi ndidi zilandelayo labantu;

- abantwana abancinane (abaneminyaka engama-0 ukuya 2);

- abakhulelweyo;

- ukuba naziphi na izifo pulmonary ezifana somoya;

- Abantu eminyakeni engu 65 ubudala;

- izifo ezingapheliyo ngamalungu zangaphakathi;

- HIV-HIV.

Njengoko sibonile, eyona ngozi inkulu emele umkhuhlane lusidla ukuba abo omzimba buthathaka.

Iindlela zosulelo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ubukhulu becala intsholongwane H1N1 sisasazwa indlela emoyeni. Kubalulekile: uthimla okanye ukhohlela aphuma emlonyeni okanye impumlo ze eziphilayo zabantu isigulane "ukubhabha 'emoyeni umgama okwisithuba seemitha-2. Ukuba baya ukuphefumla umntu okunempilo, kuba ngokuqinisekileyo sifo.

Kodwa ezo iintsholongwane abangenakuze ixhoba, kodwa bahlala phezu nayiphi imiphezulu, qhubeka ukuba baphile iiyure ezisi-8. Oko yonakaliswe nge flu kwaye inokuba uqhagamshelane-indlu, umzekelo, ukuba uthatha handrail kunye iintsholongwane, yaye emva koko, ngaphandle ngokuhlamba izandla zenu, badle.

Indlela yesithathu losulelo yeyona kwisixando - yehagu ukusuka isilwanyana egulayo. Catch umkhuhlane ngale ndlela kunokwenzeka, kuphela xa nyama ityiwa ekrwada okanye semi-agqitywa, ngenxa yokuba nonyango ubushushu standard ubulala intsholongwane H1N1 kwimizuzu embalwa.

iimpawu Classic

Ekubeni sifo de Iimpawu zokuqala zesi sifo ingathatha ukususela kwenye ukuya kwiintsuku ezintathu-ezine, ngokuxhomekeke phezu iimpawu eziphilayo. Le ntsholongwane H1N1 kunokubangela iimpawu ziyafana nomkhuhlane zakudala:

- umkhuhlane;

- lihlwili wonke umzimba (myalgia);

- iimpumlo ezivuzayo;

- intloko ebuhlungu;

- isibetho kunye / okanye umqala obuhlungu;

- khohlo;

- lobushushu ukunyuka ukuya ukuphakama ephakamileyo (ngamanye amaxesha ubushushu ayikho waphawula);

- Ukugodola, nomkhuhlane.

Ezinye izigulane kufuneka izikhalazo isicaphucaphu, maxa wambi ukugabha, kunye norhudo.

Le ntsholongwane H1N1, iimpawu yeengxaki

Hleze inkathazo noqhekeko, ngoko nangoko qhagamshelana nogqirha uncedo imfuneko ukuba phakathi engqeleni okubonakala lathi:

- lobushushu eliphezulu kakhulu, uwisile iipilisi;

- ubala isicaphucaphu ekhathazayo;

- Ukuphalaza;

- enzima kunye / okanye uphelelwa ngumphefumlo;

- pallor kunye / okanye cyanosis kwesikhumba, imilebe blue (kuxhaphaka kakhulu ebantwaneni);

- niphele, hypersomnia;

- Ukungabikho elide ukuchama;

- iintlungu esifubeni nesisu;

- nesiyezi;

- nokudideka;

- kwanabantwana bedanduluka ngaphandle iinyembezi;

- ucaphuka ngaphandle kwesizathu;

- emva ukuphucuka ethile flow "iqhosha lokulayita" ngequbuliso ukonakala elibukhali.

Le ntsholongwane H1N1, unyango iintlobo mnene sifo

Uxilongo flu umana ngaphandle iingxaki, kunzima ngenxa ungubani iimpawu flu eziqhelekileyo. Ukumisela uhlobo abanentsholongwane yesikhohlela kuphela ezabiwa ngayo ukukhohlela, kunye yencindi ngeempumlo kunye kwisisu ngomlomo.

Xa uhlobo mnene influenza na wenziwe unyango ekhaya. Kuyinto bedrest linegunya, ukwamkelwa antipyretic ukuba lobushushu ungaphezu kweqondo 38, amachiza nonsteroidal anti-ukudumba, iivitamini, amayeza ukhohlokhohlo nengqele. Abantwana kufuneka anikwe amayeza abe aspirin, kuba akukho nto ngaphandle iingxaki (Reye kaThixo syndrome). Of antipyretics ndingasela "Nurofen", "paracetamol" kunye abadala nabo "ibuprofen".

Antivirals H1N1 ifomu ngobulali nga isicelo zezi:

- "Arbidol."

- "Viferon".

- "Grippferon".

- "IFN".

- "Ingaron".

- "Lipind".

- "Ingavirin".

- "TSikloferon".

- "Kagocel".

Kunqweneleka ukuba uthathe antihistamines, usele iziselo - iti, juice, amanzi kunye nobusi, umhluzi currant, raspberry, cranberry kunye imifuno.

Influenza ebanjwe malunga 6-7 iintsuku.

Unyango obukhulu

Umkhuhlane H1N1, kuqhutyelwe iingxaki, lwahluke zonyaka, kwaye Wayifanisa, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba iziphumo nenkcubeko. Xa iimpawu uphawu flu ngendlela eqatha, ezidweliswe ngasentla, imfuno umguli ukuba esibhedlele, yaye ukuba kukho iingxaki ukuphefumla, unyango ngokumphefumlela kufuneka uqale ngoko nangoko. Kuba ukusebenzisa unyango "Oseltamivir" okanye "Tamiflu", "Zanamivir" okanye "Relenza" leyo zinqanda umsebenzi neuraminidase. Ngelo efanayo ixesha eyabelwe unyango zintsholongwane ukuba ngokuchasene nentsukaphi yinyumoniya wentsholongwane egazini kunye yebhaktiriya akazange ukuphuhlisa yisa nokucocwa eziphilayo ezivela ubuthi eziveliswa intsholongwane H1 N1, emiselweyo unyango nomqondiso. I-ALS izigulana umkhuhlane enzima lusidla kakuhle kuphela xa unyango olufanelekileyo ngexesha kuqalisiwe.

Ngenxa ubukhulu avareji sifo, xa kukho umkhuhlane omkhulu, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, kodwa akukho iingxaki zokuphefumla, niphele, ukwazi kakuhle kunye nenyumoniya, unyango kunokwenzeka ekhaya.

amanyathelo okhuseleko

Uthintelo H1N1 becala kuxhomekeke umda nokutyelela kwiindawo zoluntu kunye nokudibana nabantu imiqondiso encinane buqapheleke obubanda (ukukhohlela, impumlo esihambisayo). oogqirha bancoma:

- ukunxitywa iimaski kuzo zonke iindawo zikawonke-wonke;

- ngaphambi kokuba ngaphandle kokuba ukusetyenziswa yobulawu oxolinic;

- ebuya ekhaya emva ukuhlamba izandla olunzulu, ukuhlamba ngeempumlo kunye ukuqanda ngomlomo;

- nokwalelwa amashwamshwam esitratweni kunye neendawo zoluntu, ngaphandle kuqala ukuhlamba izandla zabo ngokupheleleyo.

Yaye yasekwa ukuba intsholongwane flu uyafa ngokukhawuleza xa isetyenziswe kuphela amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kodwa magciwane, ezifana nesepha, utywala okanye izinyibilikisi, bactericides. Ngoko ke, kwiindawo zikawonke (izikolo, izibhedlele, iindawo ukutya kunye nezinye) ngethuba bhubhane badla kufuneka ukuvelisa ukucoca emanzi, osule iitafile, izibambo.

Xa iimpawu zokuqala oluthile, ingakumbi xa kukho ukukhohlela, impumlo esihambisayo, ifiva, kufuneka ucele ugqirha ekhaya ukuthintela wosulele abanye abantu.

Okwangoku, iWCED iphuhlise isitofu elitsha nxamnye H1N1, nayo leyo inceda kwi umkhuhlane zakudala, ukususela Ngeentlobo H3N2. EGULAYO ukusuka nokugonywa hayi, kuba isitofu ayisetyenziselwanga intsholongwane lonke, kodwa iziqwenga kuphela kwayo. Noko ke, emva kokuba ugonyo uyakwazi ukufumana umkhuhlane, kodwa luya kwenziwa ngendlela elula kakhulu. Kwakhona, eli yeza akuthethi ukukhusela nxamnye nazo zonke ezinye ulungiso ye-H1N1 kunokwenzeka.

Ukwenza oko kufuneka ngonyaka, kukhethwa kwinyanga enye phambi kokuba bhubhane ezilindelekileyo (ekwindla phambi imozulu ayiniki themba ufumile kubanda).