"Voivod" (ngexabiso): iimpawu ye isikhali enjalo weave

"Voivod" - rocket, elibhekisela izikhali enzima enjalo kwaye sele luphuhlisiwe Ukraine. Eli bhotwe yayenzelwe ukuba ukuhlasela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ekujoliswe kuzo, apho zikhuselwe ngu mihla enomjukujelwa zokhuselo, kwaye isebenza phantsi nayiphi na imilo.

imikhosi enomjukujelwa - amandla Russia

Strategic Missile Forces aba ezikhethekileyo, ngenxa yokuba icandelo iphambili qhinga imikhosi zenyukliya kweli lizwe. Umsebenzi ophambili kweenkqubo enomjukujelwa - eyenza ndlongo kunokwenzeka kwaye betha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo imivumbo kokujoliswe yotshaba. Njengenxalenye yale ngamatutu injongo ekhethekileyo imikhosi enomjukujelwa Russia ezintathu kunye namaqonga 12 imizili ngezikhali. izakhiwo ngezikhali - ngeentlobo 6 imijukujelwa 4th ngezizukulwana 5th, ezintathu kuzo ezisekelwe kwimigodi, ezintathu - ziphatheka ezisekelwe emhlabeni.

inkqubo enomjukujelwa sinamandla kakhulu ehlabathini uthathwa ukuba enomjukujelwa wokuhlolwa "Voivod". Ngoko unako ukuhlangula malunga 10 ezase ubunzima iitoni 8 of kumgama 11.5 amawaka eekhilomitha. iinkcukacha zayo ngeendlela ezininzi ngaphezu kwizakhiwo ezininzi ezinamandla American.

Indlela yokuqhuba uvavanyo

Iimvavanyo zokuqala kwinkqubo enomjukujelwa bawa omnye unyaka 1986 - bavalelwa Baikonur. Kwaye emva kokuba isibini kweminyaka, lo complex ezifakwa inkonzo, emva kwayo ezivavanyiweyo ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo izixhobo yokulwa. "Voivod" - rocket, egqalwa omnye kakhulu enamandla phakathi enjalo. izixhobo uzobe olwenziwe sakhiwo ayilungelelene phakathi oontanga ehlabathini lonke, yaye inqanaba eliphezulu iimpawu yokusebenza isiqinisekiso sokuba ukusebenzisa imijukujelwa kube lula ukugcina yomkhosi ukulingana qhinga.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba i "Voivod" kuvavanywa kunzima ngenxa kuphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni ngempumelelo 43 kuphela 36 Kwaye ke sungula yokuqala yasilela:, kwafika rocket ngaphandle sam, aphinda ibhuthi, kwakungekho iingxwelerha. Kodwa iimvavanyo ezilandelayo ziye ngokukhuselekileyo kunye ngempumelelo, kwaye "Voivod" ( "uSathana" aka) uye waqaphela njengenye inokuthenjwa ehlabathini. Kucetywa ukuba rocket iya kuba inkonzo ekunene ukuya ku 2022, yaye emva koko kuzakuthathwa rocket replacement "Voivod" mihla enjalo enomjukujelwa wokuhlolwa "Sarmat".

Iinjongo eziphambili

Ngexesha uphuhliso abavelisi zijolise ukuqinisekisa inqanaba entsha iimpawu yokusebenza kunye ukulwa eliphezulu ukusebenza. Ngenxa yoko, enomjukujelwa enjalo ballistic "Voivod" yaphuhliswa kwezi nkalo zilandelayo:

1. zasinda Ukwanda Pu I P..
2. Ikhusela isicelo umyalelo kunye nolawulo na bume uzinzo ezintsonkothileyo.
3. ENatyisiweyo izakhono zokusebenza imijukujelwa retargeting, ingakumbi xa edubula ezibonisa ekujoliswe ezingacwangciswanga. Isantya irula "Voivod", kunye nexesha ekuqaleni tufwile ngokupheleleyo ichaphazela intsebenzo - ukuba ayinakuze ithelekiswe yi nayiphi na inkqubo enomjukujelwa ehlabathini.
4. Ibonelela imijukujelwa uxhathiso babalekela imiba umonakalo ukusuka emhlabeni kunye ephakamileyo ephakame udubulo zenyukliya.
5. ukuzimela Ukwanda zakhiwo.
6. Ukwanda ixesha iwaranti isindululi irula.

Complex "Voivod" - rocket, apho umsebenzi ezithembekileyo survivability na izihlandlo ezininzi ezinkulu kuno iinkqubo ezininzi ephathwayo air yokuzikhusela.

Ziintoni iimpawu?

Ngeli sokuhlola rocket umzuzile nenkani kwiimpembelelo ezahlukeneyo. Ukulwa ukusetyenziswa saba ngokufanelekileyo ngakumbi nangakumbi ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yezinto ezininzi:

1. Ukuchana liye landa ngokuphindwe 1.3.
2. izityholo ziye kusetyenziswa amandla ngaphezulu.
3. Area zone zikhali ukuxutywa liye lenyuka izihlandlo 2.3.
4. Esi sakhiwo iqhutywa ukusuka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
5. enomjukujelwa Nuclear "Voivod" laliphethwe kathathu elide kunokuba stand-alone mode.
6. Ixesha ukulungela sehle.

Mayixhotyiswe iseti kwezisombululo eziphambili zobugcisa, waqala ukuba ubunakho ngcono amandla.

system ukunceda

Ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo enomjukujelwa lwaqhutywa isekelwe phezu iimpumelelo elidlulileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa ubuninzi ezikhoyo namhlanje zobunjineli izakhiwo, unxibelelwano kunye neenkqubo. Ngenxa yoko, "Voivod" - rocket, nto leyo luphawulwa kahle eliphezulu, ukusebenza kwisibaso elulwelo, ngokupheleleyo ampulizirovana yaye yenzelwe ukuba ukutshabalalisa iindawo ezibalulekileyo Amanzi umgama ezahlukeneyo. Uphuhliso irula lwaqhutywa yi iskim enezigaba ezibini apho nangendlela ecwangciswe kakuhle ngokulandelelana amalungiselelo amanyathelo kunye abalimi inkqubo izinto zokusebenza ezinkulu. Energy ezinokwenzeka zakhiwo yandiswe ngenxa yezinto ezininzi:

1. Kuye ukusebenza okuphuculiweyo injini, yaphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo beesekethe ulawulo off.
2. Amafutha uvuleke basafunda sigaba II kwenziwa.
3. Improvement aba iimpawu ashukimisayo.

Nezingenayo lokuvelisa - i-gumbi ezine rocket injini, nto leyo ifakwe amagumbi ukutshiswa rotary - zifakwa phambili ibhabha sikhundla. Rocket kwakhona kusetyenziswa inkqubo fluid jikelele, elisuke laba isitshixo ukuya kwindibano ngokukhawuleza nangobuchule le mveliso.

Iimpawu zolawulo

enomjukujelwa Intercontinental ballistic "Voevoda" elawulwa unit yokulwa leyo ngokumila biconical lomzimba enokumelana encinane emoyeni. inkqubo yolawulo enomjukujelwa kucingelwa phezu ukwenzela ukuphumeza iinjongo ezininzi:

1. Liqinisekisa ukusebenza emva kokuba iziphumo ibhombu yenyukliya ibhabha.
2. zikhali mtshato nkulu eliphezulu-ngqo.
3. It usebenzisa ngqo indlela targeting engadingi ukuba uqeqesho ekhethekileyo mission yokubhabha.
4. Inika sokukhomba ekude.

Ukusombulula ezi ngxaki rocket mayixhotyiswe ikhompyutha ekwinqwelo enamandla ezintsonkothileyo. Irula "Voivod", iimpawu eza kudala uloyiko, iimpawu combat ezizodwa kunye neempawu zokusebenza. Zonke iimpawu zakhiwo zingqinwa iimvavanyo ezininzi emoyeni kwaye emhlabeni. Kwenziwa uqala enomjukujelwa zibonise ukuba uthembekile.

Eyona enamandla kakhulu ehlabathini

"Voivod" - inkqubo enomjukujelwa, nto leyo eza phezu ukulwa umsebenzi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela. Ngowe-1979, uMyili oyiNtloko Utkin V. F. ecetywayo isisombululo zobugcisa ezintsha ephathelele kwinkqubo ngezikhali. Ngowe-1992 yena sekisa malunga 88 izindululi, kwaye ngexabiso kuhlala enamandla kakhulu kwaye kunzima ehlabathini. ubunzima bayo - ngaphezu kweetoni ezingama-200, yaye inani elinye imvula enomjukujelwa ukwahlulwa amandla elingana 13.000 iziqhushumbisi atomic.

Irula R-36M2 "Voivod" lixhotyiswe entsonkothileyo phambili kwaye maxesha abangathathi ekwaziyo ekoyiseni enomjukujelwa zokhuselo kwaye ukuba atyhudise kwinkqubo SDI. Le izikhali babe ezase-10, nto leyo lulungiselelwe kolu okubuyela zibhabha fairing - bebekwe kwi isakhelo ekhethekileyo imikrozo emibini. irula injini - a abane-gumbi LRE, nto leyo iba combustor rotary - ziphuma kurhulumente yokusebenza xa eziphaphazelayo.

Umahluko omkhulu

1. Umjukujelwa siyakwazi ukumelana eliphezulu kwizinto umonakalo ngenxa ibhombu yenyukliya.
2. It ingaqalwa nasemva kokuba utshaba kwahamba kwizithuba kwenkqubo ngezikhali.
3. Special emnyama thermal umqobo ukutyabeka lula elingaphesheya rocket ngokusebenzisa ilifu uthuli olwakheka emva Inyukliya. Loo daka inika survivability kwinkqubo ngezikhali.
4. Rocket kufakwa boluvo ezizodwa umlinganiselo neutron kunye gamma-ray ukungena level yingozi. Xa irula uhamba enyukliya "mushroom", inkqubo yolawulo icinyiwe, i-injini iyaqhubeka ukusebenza.
5. Ukudala umzimba irula izinto amandla aphezulu ezisetyenzisiweyo - abandayo-isetyenzwe aluminiyam-wemagniziyam (lukhuni) ingxubevange.
6. enomjukujelwa Intercontinental ballistic "Voivod" i inkqubo yolawulo ophambili, nto leyo obufihlwe evaliweyo izindlu isixhobo gumbi. Le nkqubo yazinza gama rocket amagqabi ummandla eyingozi. Emva koko ke izixhobo ivulwe kunye nenkqubo yolawulo ulungelelanisa indlela ye zakhiwo.
7. inkqubo irula Amanzi elula, kuba izinto kakhulu ezincinane oluzenzekelayo. Ngoko ke, akukho mfuneko yokuba ukulungiswa.

inkqubo enomjukujelwa esongezwa amacandelo ngxwaba amafutha engamanzi, kodwa ezilungisele ngeenxa engama-25. Apha naphaya ukulungiselela iimeko ezinzima yokulwa iinjini ngexabiso: baye banda liyanqwenela zabo, wenza inkqubo ukumelana ngakumbi ezisisiseko kunye nezinto ze zakhiwo.

Iimpawu "Voivod"

Umjukujelwa "uSathana" ( "Voivod") multi-injongo kwaye eyenzelwe bazibandakanye iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. Iimpawu ezizodwa zakhiwo zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

1. Qalisa ubaleka emgodini.
2. -Sigaba ezimbini ngexabiso kunye isebenza kumacandelo eziphakamileyo-fuel.
3. isakhiwo ilawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo isekelwe kwi-kwibhodi kwikhompyutha.
4. iintlobo ezahlukeneyo izixhobo yokulwa zingasetyenziswa (ezase).
5. Yazi-njani eziqulethwe kuphela rocket - udaka sungula.

kokulungiswa

Kukho utshintsho ezininzi i "Voivod". Okokuqala - P-36M UTTKh, nkqubo leyo enomjukujelwa wesithathu-ngezizukulwana. Uyakwazi zahlasela enomjukujelwa ukuya ekujoliswe-10, kuquka iinjongo ingakumbi enkulu okanye ezincinane kwi square. Le esimbaxa ukuchaneka ophezulu lomlilo, ukwanda kwenani ezase.

"Dnepr" - wadala ngokusekelwe ezintsonkothileyo "Voivod" irula. Ifoto ibonisa ukuba oku rocket basis, nto leyo ndenziwa uhlaziyo abangabancedani yokuqhelaniswa iinjini nokuzinziswa, inkqubo yolawulo, kwaye sebenzisa i impumlo fairing evuthelweyo.

The main amathemba

Ekuqaleni, ezibekelwe ezazisa "Voivod" imijukujelwa lathatha-2018, kwaye ngoku sithetha malunga nonyaka 2026. Iingcali zithi sele inkqubo enomjukujelwa ladlula ixesha iwaranti iphelelwe, kwaye ithuba ezazisa yayo sele malunga nama-24 eminyaka ubudala. Okwangoku, umsebenzi wenziwe ukuphucula ubomi imijukujelwa ukuya kwiminyaka engama-30, ngoko sihlelwe ukugcina ezintsokothileyo zedabi Strategic Missile Forces de 2022.

Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba ukwandisa ubomi kwenzeka lobuninzi evuthayo "Voivod" sibamba kunokwenzeka ukuba kwinyaniso yokuba zezona imfezeko ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa, nto leyo lubonakala kuyilo kunye nezisombululo zeteknoloji kwizakhiwo. Bekukwakho kuphawulwe ukuba "Voivod" RS-20V iza kuba kweli dabi imikhosi enomjukujelwa Russian de 2026.

iziphumo

inkqubo enomjukujelwa, "Voivod" iyodwa: eyokuqala yasungulwa ngo-1986, oko kwabangela ezininzi yempikiswano ukuphambana ngokoluvo. Yintoni iindleko akuphumelelanga launches, leyo aphelise le izakhiwo kuphela ... Kodwa maxesha ngexesha kunye nokusetyenziswa kobugcisa mihla kukhokelele kwinto yokuba ekugqibeleni rocket "Voivod" yaba enamandla kakhulu kwaye kunzima kakhulu ehlabathini, embetha kwezi zalathisi kwincwadi irekhodi Guinness. Ngenxa bokuyila kunye nenkqubo egqibeleleyo, nto leyo lixhotyiswe rocket, oko kwinkonzo silungele kangangenkulungwane ngekota.

inkqubo enomjukujelwa, "Voivod" ( "uSathana") okulungileyo ngenxa yokuba anihlasele ukuba enomjukujelwa ukuziphendulela, ngenxa warhead yokuntsonkotha flight sakhatshwa iibhloko zobuxoki. Ummandla nokusasazeka plasma isiporo zabo ziyafana ezase yokwenene bhidisa utshaba. Ukongeza, kuba izixhobo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu ibekwe ukufikelela ukuhlaselwa lutshaba emigodini. Kwaye okona kubalulekileyo: isakhiwo bangahlala ikwimeko alondolozwe malunga kweminyaka eli-10 kwaye uqale kuphela ukuqala ukuya kwimizuzwana eyi-30.