Welding kwezakhiwo zesinyithi: ubuchwepheshe kunye neempawu

Enye ngoyena usetyenziswa rhoqo ekwenziweni asakhasayo ubunzima kunye nokuveliswa iindlela isikhungu maqela ukuwelda. Unga sebenzisa oku ukuba ukuqokelela phantse naluphi iperi lweziqalelo - tee, emboxo, mechanical kunye Umz. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iindlela zeteknoloji, esebenzisa apho welding kwezakhiwo ziintsimbi, ukuphuculwa, ukuba kakuhle ngakumbi.

iindlela Classic of iwelding

iindlela ImiGangatho ngokuba ukuwelda iziqalelo metal phantsi kuthetha ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo ezimbini eziphambili yamandla: idangatye igesi okanye i arc yombane.

Gas kunye arc welding kunokuba oluzenzekelayo, semi-automatic kunye manual ngokupheleleyo. Le ndlela yokugqibela kuquka ukuyilwa le weld kuphela ukubamba ngezandla zabo. Ukongeza, arc manual (RD) ukuwelda izakhiwo metal iquka iinkqubo zolawulo manual unikezelo electrode okanye inkqubo iwelding wire lokufaka ngokwayo kunye iindawo.

indlela Manual kuphumelela kuphela bume lwasekhaya. Xa esebenzisa ikakhulu kusetyenziswa iteknoloji welding ontywiliselwe izixhobo ngelotha autogenous okanye indlela ezaziwa electric arc welding.

Xa intliziyo lwalo lokuqala - iwelding oluzenzekelayo - kulele inkqubo ukusibeka inxalenye nokuhlangana kwayo, ngaphandle koncedo lomntu ngqo. Wonke umsebenzi ngezixhobo okhethekileyo, nto leyo pre-set. Kakade ke, ukuba lo yunithi uluhlu kakuhle imisebenzi, kodwa kunciphisa kakhulu iindleko kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo, ukuze imveliso omkhulu kuya kusiba ethandwa kakhulu.

Assembly kwezakhiwo yesinyithi, welding kwimo ezenzekelayo ivumela ukusebenzisa iteknoloji zoqhagamshelwano ibandakanya lokushushubeza sukube elements, welding electroconvulsive kunye nezinye iindlela "manual". Umahluko kuphela - kuqhuba wizard akunjalo, yaye ngokukodwa, kwaye yakhiwa irobhothi.

indlela semi-ezenzekelayo kuthatha inkosi weld sommandla, okanye electrode ucingo kodwa kwindawo yomsebenzi abondliwayo ngokuzenzekelayo, nto leyo kakhulu kwandisa imveliso yomsebenzi kwisiza.

Le mode lisetyenziswa ngokoqobo nayiphi iteknoloji ukuwelda izakhiwo yesinyithi, ngokusebenzisa electrode, fluxes igesi non-fusible kwaye automated bondle ucingo isikhombisi kwi kwindawo ukufudumeza. Ekuveliseni ekhaya kunye amancinci iwelding semi-oluzenzekelayo kwezakhiwo sobhedu ngobuwena nenzuzo nangempumelelo inkqubo yobugcisa.

ezobuchwepheshe

Xa welding mihla ngokujoyina amalungu metal wasisebenzisa esibaselwe kuphela nelangatye igesi kunye arc yombane, kodwa ke isiphumo ubushushu frictional, amandla laser, ultrasound, ezinemiqadi electron nkqu amandla.

Nje ukuthetha, ubuchwepheshe ukuwelda esoloko ukuphucula. Rhoqo ngokwaneleyo ukuba zizakhele iindlela ezintsha ukuphumeza le nkqubo yobugcisa. sezipho Ezo ezi ntlobo zilandelayo welding - plasma, thermite kunye nomqadi electron.

Yi welding thermite lwenziwa metal ezibalulekileyo ezenza umthungo apho inyibilikiswa ngexesha umxube yokutsha ekhethekileyo yaziswa kwi kuhlangana. Zeentubi ayesebenzisa ukuba alungise iziphene neentanda kwiziseko sobhedu sele egqityiwe i "zaya" metal.

Plasma welding lwenziwa phantsi kweemeko bedlula electrode ezimbini igesi insimbi. Le yokugqibela lisebenza i arc wombane, kodwa ukusebenza kwalo iphezulu kakhulu. Irhasi esibaselwe lisetyenziswa hayi kuphela metal weld, kodwa ngenxa nangokukrola yayo, apho ngeenxa plasma wenkunkuma ungenza ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nenkqubo iwelding ngemiba yezemfundo.

Esebenzisa ubuchule iwelding electron umqadi ukuvelisa beentanda onzulu iisentimitha-20, ububanzi umthungo ayisayi kudlula isentimitha enye. Le ethile kuphela wenkunkuma kukuba ukusebenza naye kunokwenzeka kuphela cleaner ngokupheleleyo. Ngako oko, le iteknoloji isetyenziswa kuphela kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo kakhulu.

Ukuba bahlanganise izakheko intsimbi amancinci-ubungakanani kakuhle kakhulu ukusebenzisa igesi okanye electric arc welding manual. umatshini semi-ezenzekelayo ohlawulela ngokwayo ekuphumezeni imisebenzi izinto umthamo eliphantsi. technology iwelding Modern, ngokulandelelana, ukuba isetyenziswe kuphela kwimveliso mass.

Welding kwezakhiwo metal: iimpawu

technology welding isetyenziswa kuphela xa usebenza etyhidiweyo, kodwa ipholima ezahlukeneyo. yonke le nkqubo a zokufudumeza kunye deformation ngayo imiphezulu, ezithi ke ngoko angena kwenye.

Wonke umsebenzi segesi iqulathe izigaba ezibini eziphambili: ibandla kunye uqhagamshelwano.

Kakhulu ixesha elide kunye nezintsonkothileyo linqanam lokuqala. Ukuthembeka kunye namandla ngesakhiwo kuxhomekeke ukuthotyelwa kunye nazo zonke iimfuno. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha lonke ixesha iwela indibano amacandelo.

Ukuqinisekisa ibandla eyiyo izakhiwo metal

yobunjani ephakamileyo, iyahlala nokuthembeka eziphumo zokuphela inikwa phantsi iimfuno ezithile.

• Xa kukhethwa amacandelo kuyimfuneko ukuba balandele ngqo le ebekwe phantsi yobukhulu bale projekthi.
• Okudingekayo kufuneka ibe ubungakanani ethile - xa ukwandisa amandla imveliso yokugqibela yehliswe kakhulu.
• Le angles zilinganiselwa ize ilawulwe ngoncedo izixhobo ezikhethekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuba ukuthobela ngokupheleleyo kunye ezicaciswe kule projekthi, okanye ingabe umngcipheko ekuweni isakhiwo lonke.

iingenelo welding

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba welding kwezakhiwo zentsimbi konga ixesha yonke imisebenzi, kwaye ingenamthungo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, le nkqubo iye ezinye iimpawu:

• Massa wagqiba azikhuli ayitshintshi, ekubeni iinxalenye eziphambili ezimbini kuphela, nto leyo konga eziphathekayo.
• Akukho kwesithintelo phezu ububanzi sentsimbi.
• Ukukwazi ukulawula uze ulungise iimilo izakhiwo yesinyithi.
• Ukufumaneka kwezixhobo welding.
• Ukwazi ukuba isicelo ukuwelda ukuba ziyolungiswa ngokutsha.
• yobunzima High kunye namandla ezidibeneyo.

avelele enye

Ukuze ukuba uyilo ngenxa yaba ezikumgangatho ophezulu kwaye zithembekile, kuyimfuneko ukuba bazigcine zonke iimfuno zobugcisa.

A izinto ezikhethwe kakuhle, amacandelo kunye nezixhobo kuvumela ukufumana welds ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Kungenjalo uyilo ogqityiweyo ulahlekelwa kuphela yayo, kodwa ukusebenza kwalo.

Izifo welds

Kuba zobukhulu ngqo kunye nokusetyenziswa isetyenziswa xa kudalwa umqhubi yesinyithi. Ngaphandle koku, izakhiwo iwelding sentsimbi RD, milenge zingaphendula ngexesha lenkqubo yokufumanisa iziphene - isigantsontso uqhekeke, aqhumisele marks, porosity, umzali, kunye nezinye undercuts.

Kubanga bekhubazekile

Unokukhawuleza kwakheka kwezakhiwo zesinyithi ngenxa ukuvuza le etyhidiweyo. Amaninzi, le isiphako uphawu umsebenzi ekudalweni beentanda tye. Susa kwabo ngehamile, uze uhlole imveliso ubukho fusions.

Izinto ezibangela processing wokukhusela-kwi inokuba yoyilo onganeno imiphetho ukwandisa umsantsa njengoko isantya ophantsi zomsebenzi kunye namandla nelangatye encinane. Ukuphungula oko ukulisika komphetho welding.

Uhlobo kakhulu eyingozi isiphako luthathwa yokunqongophala Fusion, kuba kuchaphazela ukuthembeka kunye weld namandla. sites ezinjalo lupheliswe ngokupheleleyo, ezibonisa ukuba bamhluba kwaye welding kwakhona.