Xa ngokwenene kwakukho Yenzani eJamani?

Ukuba ucela nawuphi na umfundi kwelo lalisakuba yiSoviet Union, xa kwakukho ngokuzinikela yeJamani, impendulo icacile: Meyi 9, 1945. Kodwa kule mini mbhiyozo kuphela phakathi kwabantu bethu, yaye amanye kwihlabathi liphela babhiyozela ekupheleni kwemfazwe ngoMeyi 8. Isizathu sokuba loo - eziliqela iziganeko ezenzeka kwiintsuku ngoMeyi e saseReims, xa lasayina ukuthula lwe eJamani.

Emva uHitler edlula ngokuzithandela kude Aprili 30, 45, amandla yadluliselwa Doenitz jikelele. Yena, njengaye wonke umntu, wayesazi ukuba Germany akaba saba ukumelana ukumelana imikhosi encedisayo, ekupheleni close lizwe. Wayesazi kananjalo ukuba imikhosi yaseJamani ezi imingcele ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ezinabantu. Ngokomzekelo, amaNazi wabulala amawaka 200 abantu eFransi. Eli linani enkulu, kodwa ngaphantsi kwe-1% of ilahleko abantu kwi eSoviet Union. Ngoko ke, inkokheli ye Wesithathu ngokusengqiqweni babesoyika impindezelo evela eSoviet Union. Ngokutsho izicwangciso Doenitz, lo ukuthula yaseJamani yayiza kuqhutyelwa kanye phambi namahlakani Western amabanjwa emfazwe, izixhobo kunye nolawulo phezu mmandla waya amajoni of England ne US

Ekwenzeni oku sicwangciso, ngoMeyi 4 phambi imikhosi yaseBritani Marshal Montgomery wanikezela imikhosi German kwi kumntla Jamani kunye Denmark, yaye ngoMeyi 5 kwi baseMerika kwiNgxowa inceba zamaqela German eBavaria nasentshona Austria. Ngaloo ndlela Doenitz thethwana namahlakani Western ngokunikela ukwamkela ukuphuma, kunye imikhosi ezintathu German baseMpuma Front, ngelo xesha alwa ne-Red Army.

Nangona kunjalo, lo myalelo imikhosi eManyeneyo washiya esi sindululo kwaye yazisa icala yiSoviet zesindululo waseJamani. German Jikelele Alfred Jodl bafika ngoMeyi 6 kwikomkhulu ezi namahlakani Anglo-American ukuba atyikitye isenzo emuva lonke umkhosi Wesithathu. Noko ke, Jikelele Eisenhower ifomu ngokwanelisayo ngqongqo uyala ukwamkela ngokuzinikela, besithi amajoni kufuneka anike apho okwangoku na. Ke ukuba amajoni aseJamani ukusuka eMpuma Front uya kugqiba ukuya West, hayi ukuba zifakwe esecaleni yiSoviet, umkhosi encedisayo sele olubiyele icandelo yalo ngaphambili yaye ungavumeli loo mbutho ulolo hlobo

Doenitz Jodl ngocingo iimeko eyayityhala namahlakani. Wabanika amandla jikelele ngokupheleleyo ukuba alusayina olu xwebhu iindlela zokunikezela ngaphandle kwemiqathango. Ekuqaleni, nokusayinwa isenzo kwacetywa ngoMeyi 7, ngecala emva kwentsimbi nobusuku ezimbini.

ummeli osisigxina kwikomkhulu le namahlakani ukusuka kwicala eSoviet yaba Jikelele Ivan Susloparov. Xa iintetho yena wayekho, kodwa ngokulandelelana ngokukhawuleza ezinjalo iziganeko ngokucacileyo akazange alindele. Wayengenalo ulwalathiso ukuze wenze kwimeko efanayo. uxwebhu Susloparov wathumela eMoscow, kodwa impendulo elide elimisiweyo balifumane. Ngoko wagqiba ukwenza kwi kumngcipheko wakho. Susloparov wavuma ukuba atyikitye isenzo iindlela zokunikezela kwicala umyalelo eSoviet, kodwa isilungiso mnye: kuxwebhu kwafuneka ukuba sifake into kwi phindaphindo msitho yokusayina ngokucelwa nawaphi na amazwe encedisayo.

Le uzinikele ngokungagungqiyo eJamani ngoMeyi 7 kwisakhiwo kwikholeji e saseReims ebusuku, ngentsimbi-2 nemizuzu engama-41. Ngoku isakhiwo encinane ebomvu - Museum of the uzinikele kuye. Le ukuthula Germany watyikitya Jikelele Smith egameni namahlakani Anglo-American, Jikelele Seveso egameni eFransi, Jikelele Susloparov egameni eSoviet Union kunye iinjengele Friedeburg kunye Jodl egameni yaseJamani.

Ngokutsho xwebhu, yonke imikhosi eJamani baba Ndoluphelisa lonke inyathelo emkhosini ziiyure ezingama-23 ngexesha sasekuhlaleni May 8, 1945. Yaba ngeli xesha iMfazwe Yehlabathi yaphela ngokusemthethweni.

Xa Susloparov waxelela eMoscow ukuba uzinikele olungenamiqathango Jamani wathabatha ndawo, wafunda ukuba ngaphambili kokuba uyalelwe ukuba asayine nawaphi na amaxwebhu.

Into yokuba uzinikele esayinwe saseReims, kwamcaphukisa kakhulu Stalin. Ngokufanelekileyo wayekholelwa ukuba abantu eSoviet ubunzima ilahleko enkulu kwaye wadlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu uloyiso, ngoko silindele ukuba isiganeko zembali ukuba yenzeke phambi emuva abahlaseli-intloko onke amazwe noloyiso, hayi nje phambi umyalelo we Amanyeneyo. Neemfuno Stalin, bonke bavumelana, uxwebhu esatyikitywa saseReims, kwagqitywa ekubeni ingqalelo nokubuza. Le protocol ephambili isayinwe eBerlin ezinzulwini zobusuku ngoMeyi 9.

Noko ke, ukudideka yenziwe. Ekuqaleni, uloyiso olukhulu wayecebe isaziso iingqukuva ezintathu zamandla encedisayo - Moscow, Washington kunye London ngexesha elifanayo. Ngelo xesha kwi-Western Front amaJamani eyithobele imiqathango yalo Mthetho yaye ukuba bayeke ubudlova, yaye umlo East ne-Red Army kwaqhubeka de Meyi 9.

radio German sele ikwazile ukuvakalisa ukuyekwa kwemfazwe ngoMeyi 7, ngoko ke Amanyeneyo ayikwazanga ngathi akukho nto yenzekileyo. Ngentsimbi yesithandathu ngokuhlwa ngoMeyi 7, Churchill wanikela idilesi radio kubantu bakhe, bevuyisana uloyiso yaseBritani. Ngelo xesha kwi xiendlakalo lexikulu safunda nabemi US.

Kwi-USSR, iindaba uloyiso lazisiwe kuphela emva kokusayina oyintloko ekutheni eBerlin kwaye emva kokuqalisa uzinikele ubunzima imikhosi German kwi Eastern Front - Meyi 9, 1945. Lo mhla yayikukuba koSuku abantu Soviet Uloyiso.