Yintoni ebuntwaneni: inkcazelo, imingcele yeminyaka

Xa ucinga malunga nolutsha, khawuleza ufike engqondweni engoma zothando, izinkondlo, imibongo phantsi kwenyanga, ithemba eliphezulu kunye namathuba angenamkhawulo. Nangona kunjalo, igobolondo yangaphandle. Ulutsha lulona lunomdla kwaye lunzima kubafundi beengqondo.

Yintoni ebusheni: inkcazelo

Ulutsha luyinqanaba lokukhula komzimba komntu, kunye nokuphuhliswa kobuntu obulala phakathi kobuntwana kunye nokudala. Ukususela kwingcamango yengqondo, oku ngukuguquka kokuxhomekeke kumntwana, ukuzimela kunye noxanduva oluluntu kubantu abakhekileyo. Ukusuka kwinqanaba lokujonga i-physiology, ukukhula komzimba kunye nokwabelana ngesondo kuya kugqitywa ngeli xesha . Kwakhona, imbono "yobutsha" okanye "ulutsha" ibonakaliswe yimpumelelo yokukhula koluntu. Umda wobudala unqunywe lixesha ukusuka kwiminyaka eyi-14 ukuya kwe-18, ukuba ngaba yimiba yengqondo yengqondo. Iingcali zangaphandle, kunjalo, bakholelwa ukuba ulutsha luqala eneminyaka eyi-16.

Iindlela zokwenza ulutsha

"Yintoni intsha?" Ingenye yeyona mibuzo endala kunazo zonke izazi zeengqondo eziye zabuza. Naphezu kwenani elikhulu lophuhliso lwamaxabiso kunye nophando olusebenzayo, le ngxaki ihleli nanamhla. Inokuqwalaselwa ngokwemiqathango elandelayo:

• Iingcamango ze-biogenetic zibonisa ingqalelo kwimpilo, kunye neemeko zentlalo-yengqondo. Oku kubhekisela kwinkqubo yokuhluthwa komzimba nobuntu, obwenzeka kwizigaba ezithile, ezikhoyo jikelele. Le ngqungquthela ichaza ngendlela yayo umzuzu apho abantu bangabalwa ngokuthi "abatsha abantu". Imida yobudala - ukuqala kobuntwaba (iminyaka engama-12) kwaye kude kube yiminyaka yobudala (iminyaka engama-25), umntu uthathwa njengumncinci, ngenxa yokuthandana.
• I-sociogenetic theory ichaza ukubaluleka kobutsha, ngokusekelwe kwindawo umntu ahlala ngayo kwisakhiwo sentlalo. Kukho ubudlelwane obusondeleyo phakathi kobunjalo bemvelo yobuntu kunye neempawu zendalo. Ngomncinane, kukho ukubunjwa kwehlabathi, iimpawu zokuziphatha, kunye nesangqa soqhagamshelwano. Ngexesha elifanayo, ububanzi beminyaka abucaciswanga, kuba bodwa bodwa.
• Indlela yokusebenza kwengqondo ibeka ingqalelo kwiinkqubo zengqondo. Olu lathiso lugxininisa ingqalelo kwimvakalelo enokumisela iimpawu zokuziphatha. Kwinqanaba elitsha ngalinye, ubuntu buzuza zonke iipropati ezintsha ezingazange zifumaneke ngaphambili. Ulutsha luyinqanaba lesihlanu. Kulo mzuzwana umntu uyaziqonda ukuba uyedwa kwaye uyingqayizivele.
• Indlela edibeneyo ixubusha ngokukhawuleza yonke into (ikhokelwa ngabafundi bezengqondo) xa kuchaza umgaqo "wobutsha". Ubudala bulinganiswa ngethuba ukusuka ekuqaleni kobuntwaba ukuya ekubunjweni kokugqibela kobuntu.

Msebenzi o phambili

Nayiphi na ixesha ebomini bomntu idibene nayo nayiphi na imisebenzi. Yintoni ulutsha? Okokuqala, oku kukhethwa kwindlela yokuphila eyongezelelekileyo, apho ukuzikhethela ngokuzikhethela kuthatha indawo ekhethekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, ukhetho lomsebenzi wexesha elizayo luba yingxaki ebalulekileyo yolutsha.

Ukuqwalasela isidingo sokufumana uqeqesho, ubuncinci buhamba kunye noqeqesho oluqhubekayo. Ukongezelela koko, kuba ngakumbi nangakumbi kwaye kunengqondo kunokuba kudala. Kubonakaliswe yizinto ezilandelayo:

• Ukuqonda okubanzi kunye nolwazi olunzulu lwezinto ezifundiswayo, ezijolise ekubunjweni kolwazi oluzayo lwezakhono;
• Ukongeza kwindlela yokujonga ingcaciso engapheliyo, iindawo zokuhlaziya ezizimeleyo ukuya kutshintshile kwaye zizimeleyo.

Iinjongo zentlalo yolutsha

Ubuntwana, ulutsha, ukukhula - ngalinye ixesha lokuphila komntu libonakaliswe ngeenjongo ezithile ezenza imisebenzi yakhe. Abantu abaselula bazele izifiso kunye nethemba lekamva. Kule nkalo, zikhokelwa ngolu hlobo:

• Ukuqinisekiswa kwesidingo sokuphuhliswa okuqhubekayo, okufezekiswa yimfundo eqhubekayo;
• Ukuzikhethela kobugcisa, obangelwa yimfuneko yokulungiselela ubomi obuzimeleyo;
• Intuthuko yentlalo, ebangelwa ngumnqweno wokuzuza abanye.

Izinto zokukhetha umsebenzi ozayo

Ngenxa yokuba umntu osemncinci ebusheni bakhe kufuneka akhethe uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi, izazi zeengqondo zibeka ingqalelo kwiinjongo. Ngoko, izinto eziphambili zokukhetha zilandelayo:

• Udumo lwezentlalo kunye nethuba lokuthatha indawo efanelekileyo kuluntu;
• Ubuntu - ubukho beempawu kunye neempawu zobuntu ezifunekayo kumsebenzi othile;
• Izinto eziphathekayo-ithuba lokuqinisekisa bona ngokwabo kunye neentsapho zabo zifanelekile.

Iingxaki eziphambili

Ubunzima beengxaki ezibalulekileyo zibonakaliswa ngethuba elifana nolutsha. Iminyaka yobomi bomntu omncinci yenziwe ngeqela lemibuzo ephambili, ezi zinto zilandelayo zilandelayo:

• Ukukhethwa kokuqala koxanduva lwexesha elizayo, elibandakanya isikhundla sokuphila, ubuchule kunye nendawo ebalulekileyo yolwazi;
• Ukuhambelana namaxabiso achaza ukuqonda koluntu, kunye nolwalamano oluthile;
• Ukukhula komsebenzi wentlalo, ongeyena umdla, kodwa umnqweno wokuthatha inxaxheba ngqo kwizenzakalo;
• Ukubunjwa kweembono zehlabathi kwiingxaki ezibalulekileyo;
• Ukwandiswa kwemida, kunye nezicelo ezibalulekileyo, ezikhokelela kwisidingo sezinto eziphathekayo;
• Ukuqhelanisa noluntu, okubandakanya ukufumana indawo emphakathini;
• Khangela impendulo kumbuzo wentsingiselo yobomi nenjongo yomntu kuwo.

Ukubunjwa kobuntu bentsha

Le nsizwa ngomzuzwana othile iba yindlela yokuzimela, into engabonakaliyo kunye nokubunjwa kwegama elithi "I". Kwenzeka kule mimandla elandelayo:

• Ukwakhiwa kwesimo sengqondo esahlukileyo kwiimvakalelo zengqondo (iimvakalelo aziphenduli nje ngeemeko zangaphandle, kodwa iimpawu zobuqu);
• Ukuqwashiswa kokungapheliyo kwexesha (le nto ibangela ukuba umfana ukuba acinge ngokucace ngekamva lakhe aze enze isicwangciso somntu ngamnye);
• Ukubunjwa kwembono epheleleyo kungekhona nje komzimba kunye nesakhiwo sangaphakathi, kodwa kunye neendlela zokuziphatha, ezinqwenelekayo kunye neengqondo.

Ulwalamano lwangaphakathi

Ngexesha lokukhula, insizwa iqala ukuhlaziya ubudlelwane nabanye, ngakumbi ngabaontanga. Ngoko, bawela kwiintlobo ezimbini - abahlobo kunye nabaqabane. Iyokuqala iyona ehamba phambili, abo bafanelwe ukunyaniseka nokuhlonipha. Nabo bonke oontanga, abantu abaselula bayakha ubudlelwane obuhle, oku kuthetha unyango oluhloniphekileyo, inhlonipho kunye nokuncedisana.

Amacandelo okunxibelelana kunye nokwakha ubudlelwane kunye noontanga zakhiwe, ngokukodwa ngokusekelwe kwintlalo ezayo (zombini ngokwengqondo nangokwenyama). Abantu abanomdla kwaye banomdla "bahlala" kwisangqa soqhagamshelwano. Bonke abanye bahlobo lokuzihlukanisa ngokomzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ubuhlobo obuselula buhlala bukholelwa kwaye bukhohlisayo.

Kwakhona kwinto esemncinci ibonakalisa ukuvela kwentswelo enzulu njengothando. Oku akufanelekanga kuphela ekupheliseni ubuntwaba, kodwa nangomnqweno wokuba nomntu osondelene naye ongabelana ngazo iingxaki kunye neziganeko ezivuya. Umntu othandekayo ngumntu onobuhle ngokubhekiselele kumntu kunye nangokwempawu zangaphandle.

Ulutsha kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje

Yintoni ulutsha? Eli ligaba elinamandla elingasigxina. Xa kudlula ixesha, kunye nophuhliso loluntu, luguquka kakhulu. Ngoko, ngokunxulumene nokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza kokukhula, ulutsha luya phambili kakhulu. Kodwa ukukhula koluntu kuza kamva kamva. Oku kwinqanaba elithile ngenxa yokuba abazali banamhlanje banakekela abantwana ixesha elide.

Njengalinye na ixesha, abantu abatsha banomdla wokusebenza kunye nenjongo yokuzimela ngokuzimela ngemali. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhamba kwamanje kukuba abafana abasifuni ukwenza "umsebenzi ongcolisayo", ozisa imali encinci kwaye ibeke indawo ephantsi yentlalo. Kukho umkhweno wokufuna ukufumana yonke into kanye.

Izigqibo

Ulutsha lixesha elihle kakhulu ebomini bomntu. Akunxibelelwanga nje ngeemvakalelo zamaphupho kunye namaphupha, kodwa kunye namathuba amakhulu ngokulungiselela ikusasa labo. Uphando kunye neengcebiso zeengqondo zengqondo zinceda ukuqondisa imisebenzi yabaselula ngendlela efanelekileyo kwaye bakhuthaze ukuba benze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo.