Yintoni enoqwilikana? Oonobangela, unyango kunye nothintelo

Ndiqinisekile omama ukuba oluninzi iintsapho amakhwenkwe ezikhulayo, siyazi izifo ezifana enoqwilikana. Ngapha koko, amakhwenkwe, olu hlaselo wabetha kabini njengoko kusenokwenzeka ngaphezu namantombazana. Kwaye abo abayazi nokuba siyintoni esi sifo kwaye ukuluphatha ngokungakhathali, engafuni agonye umntwana wabo, kufuneka nje ukuba baqhelane nale sifo. Ngoko ke yintoni na enoqwilikana? Zintoni izinto ezibangela ukuba sifo, ingakumbi kwemali kunye nonyango? Konke oku niya kufumana kweli nqaku.

Yintoni enoqwilikana?

Isifo Abantu abaqhelekileyo mumps (isigulane uchazwe apha ngasentla ifoto) ubizwa ngokuba "ihagu", kuba xa usulelo kubonakala ukufukuka kakhulu kwi entanyeni nangasemva ngeendlebe. Kucingwa ikakhulu isifo yabantwana. Kodwa ngaphandle umngcipheko onoqwilikana abadala abakwazi. Isifo kukhankanyiwe le BC ngenkulungwane 5. e., kodwa yonke ingcaciso mumps kunye iimpawu zakhe wabonakala kuphela kwinkulungwane yama-20.

Esi sisifo yondele esosulelayo esibangelwa yintsholongwane, ebizwa paramyxovirus. Yena sibi kakhulu, kwaye lula kutshatyalaliswa ngokuxuba okanye yelanga. Kodwa siyathembisa paramyxovirus phantsi kweemeko ezibandayo, ngamanye ekwaziyo ezikhabhathini elide kwiqondo lobushushu ukuya ku thabatha degrees 70-80 Celsius. Ukubonakalisa eyona lifana isifo - kukukrala kwamadlala amathe, oko kukhokelele ekwandeni ngokwenzeka kwazo. Onoqwilikana luhlasela abantwana ukusuka kwiminyaka 3-15. Kukholelwa ukuba ihagu abagulayo kanye kuphela, njengoko okukwazi ezifunyenwe kuthathwa ukuba ubomi obude, kodwa amatyala usulelo kuphinda yenzeke rhoqo. Kwindalo, esi sifo isasazeka kuphela phakathi kwabantu, ukuze zosuleleke ukusuka nje umntu ogulayo, kodwa hayi izilwanyana zasendle kunye zasekhaya.

pig ogulayo kungaba wonke ngokupheleleyo nongenawo omzimba le ntsholongwane. Ngapha koko, oku kuvela kuphela kwiimeko kogonyo, okanye kwimeko ukuba umntu ayekhe ebegula onoqwilikana. Paramyxovirus Ungakhankanya noba nokosuleleka ngamathontsi emoyeni okanye ngokudibana, umzekelo, umntwana onempilo ithatha emlonyeni into yokudlala ukuba kutshanje wawakhotha egulayo.

Kwakhona esi sifo luphawulwa lonyaka, ingakumbi amatyala rhoqo losulelo kuthi entlakohlaza kwaye onoqwilikana kwehlobo phantse kubhalwe. Ithuba elisuke abantwana nabantu abadala yahlukile kancinane: umntwana - ukusuka kwiintsuku ezili-12 ukuya 23, yaye abadala - ukususela-11 ukuya kwezingama-25.

Onoqwilikana kuyingozi kakhulu abasetyhini abakhulelweyo, ingakumbi xa ekhulelwe. Usulelo kungabangela ebunayo ezingekazalwa okanye kwezisu. Xa abanye kwexesha oko ingeyongozi kakhulu, kodwa kwikota yokugqibela kungabangela senyongo ngokukhawuleza sosana.

nokubekwa kwezifo

Onoqwilikana wahlulwe malunga nobungozi besi sifo ibe iintlobo ezintathu:

1. ifomu onobulali kunye ukunyuka elifutshane elide lobushushu kunye nokulahlekelwa kwamadlala kuphela amathe.
2. Uhlobo avareji ubunzima ihamba ubuthathaka jikelele, emnyama kunye nokulala, icesina elide kunye ukwenzakala zeminye imibutho glandular.
3. ifomu ezimandundu luphawulwa izitshanguba unamadlala ezininzi, kubandakanywa nenkqubo luvo. Ubushushu mumps kakhulu nga kuveliswa ukuya kutsho kuma-40. basengozini enkulu yokuba neengxaki ezinzima.

Kwakhona, esi sifo yahlulahlulwe imilo ekuso ne Nedlac.

I. Kuba ifomu eqhelekileyo luphawulwa imiqondiso ecacileyo. Kwaye kusenokuba abangabodwa njengoko kuboniswa kuphela iimpawu kaqwilikana, kwaye zidibene, xa zidibene iimpawu onoqwilikana kunye nezinye izifo ezinxulumene.

II. Ngexesha Nedlac kwizigulo kungangabikho ngokupheleleyo.

Kuba onoqwilikana kwakhona kuxhomekeke ubudala umguli. Abantwana athwale ihagu ngokulula kakhulu kunoko abadala.

Ezibangela isifo

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, esona sizathu esibangela mumps - kusulelo, kunokuba paramyxovirus. Gateway for ukungena wayo isifo ye phecana eliphezulu wokuphefumla, okt usuleleko kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa talking, ukukhohlela okanye uthimla umntu ogulayo. Unako kwakhona pick up i kusulelo izinto zendlu, oko kukuthi, ukuba amathe yomguli yawa ngetawuli, izitya, ngoko emva kokusebenzisa kwabo onempilo kwandisa ingozi yosulelo.

Xa le ntsholongwane kuya inwebu yangaphakathi, iqala ukuba nomzi apho, uze emva koko ungena ijelo igazi. Kwaye ke ijelo elisetyenziswa zithunyelwe kuwo onke amalungu. Indawo ethandwayo ukuba intsholongwane - ilungu glandular, apho luhlala kwaye iqala ukwanda ngamandla. Kakade ke, ukuba nayiphi na inxalenye yayo uba amanye amalungu, kodwa kukho komtshiso oko kwenzeka. Kodwa inkqubo yethu omzimba kusoloko ukukhusela umzimba, kwaye iqalisa ukuba ngenkuthalo ukuvelisa omzimba ubopheleleke intsholongwane kwaye lisuswe emzimbeni. Ezi zithinteli kuhlala emzimbeni ubomi kunye nokuthintela ekosulelekeni kwakhona.

Iimpawu kubantwana

Nokuba umntwana sele bosulelekile, owokuqala yonke into, njengesiqhelo, akukho zimpawu isilumkiso sifo. Kodwa ngosuku olulandelayo, Iimpawu zokuqala onoqwilikana:

• Ulwando lobushushu emzimbeni ukuya degrees 38-39.
• A impumlo encinane esihambisayo, umqala obuhlungu.

Ezi iimpawu mazingabhidaniswa SARS. Kodwa emva kolunye usuku xa mumps apho udumba amathe nobubovu parotid kule ndawo, kuqala ngesandla esinye uze kwelinye icala iqale ukudumba. Le nkqubo yonke ihamba ukudumba kwamadlala umlomo owomileyo, ivumba elibi ukusuka kwisisu yomlomo efakwe kule ndawo nokudumba. Ukongeza, umntwana nzima kwaye kubuhlungu ukuhlafuna ukutya, uthethe. Ekubeni for onoqwilikana ukuphazamiseka amathe oqhelekileyo kunye amathe iipropati antibacterial, oku kungabangela izilonda kwi isifo le kwisisu ngomlomo.

Xa zisetyenziswa kunye iimpawu eziphambili onoqwilikana akhoyo kunye iimpawu ukungacoleki ezifana edandatheka, ukuqumba, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, ngoko uyakwazi ukuthetha izilonda pancreatic.

Xa libekwe ukuhlasela amanye amalungu glandular, iimpawu onoqwilikana nzima kulandelayo:

• Xa amantombazana, kukho ukudumba zamaqanda, nto leyo sikhatshwa iintlungu esiswini, ubucaphucaphu umkhuhlane jikelele.
• Boys neefom elinzima onoqwilikana zenzeka komtshiso wamatyhalarha. Kubonakala ububomvu kunye Ukudumba apha kwisingxobo samatyhalarha. Konke oku kuhambisana ngesisa.

Umntwana iphalale iimpawu zicinywe esi sifo, oko kukuthi mhlawumbi ukwanda okungephi lobushushu, kungekho ukudumba uyalandelwa. Kwaye ke ubushushu ebanjwe kwiintsuku ezintathu kamva. Kubalulekile ukuba lo umntwana onoqwilikana mpawu. Olu hlobo esi sifo ayikho emngciphekweni, kodwa umntwana kubhekwa iyosulela kwaye isenokubosulela abanye abantwana.

Iimpawu abadala

Iimpawu eziphambili zale sifo abadala kuyafana nabantwana, kodwa abadala, umngcipheko ikhosi ngxuba kaqwilikana kumaxesha amaninzi ngakumbi. Iimpawu zokuqala onoqwilikana ku abadala:

• Ukugodola.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Ubuhlungu imisipha.
• iimpumlo ezivuzayo.
• Ekhohlela kuhlolwe emqaleni.
• Kabi kummandla apho le ndlala amathe.

Okulandelayo kwezi mpawu idityaniswa nokudumba mmandla parotid, boqobo omdala ukudumba ngaxeshanye kwamadlala amathe ezivela macala omabini. Amaxesha amaninzi, mumps virus ichaphazela amadlala submandibular kunye sublingual. Ukufukuka ihamba umntu ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10, emva koko sehle. Xa ukuhlafuna isigulana ukuba iintlungu, nokuba umntu kunzima ukuthetha. Ephupheni, umguli akakwazi ukukhetha ixesha elide yokulala njengoko elele ngecala lawo mnandi, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba umntu kwixesha esi sifo kubonakala ukuphuthelwa ukuma. Izinkcwe uphazamiseke kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela kubonakala xerostomia (umlomo owomileyo) onombilini koko yaphazamiseka. Esi sigaba etsolo ungatsala ukuya kwiintsuku 4, ngokuthe ngcembe wafa phantsi ekupheleni kweveki. Abantu abadala mhlawumbi ufunga ngokohlobo amabala lalingqingqwa kwaye ebomvu wonke umzimba wakhe.

Njengoko enoqwilikana unesifo?

Abantu abaninzi bacinga, kwaye kunzima ukuseka isifo efana enoqwilikana?! Eneneni, zonke iimpawu zisekuhleni kanye, xa umntu ikhangeleka ngathi bhuqe ihagu. Kodwa ke akusoloko kulula oko. Isibakala sokuba ekweneni kwamadlala amathe inokuba kunye nezinye izifo. Ngoko ke, ukuxilongwa kunokuba kuphela ngugqirha emva kokuba iimviwo zangaphakathi ze isigulane. Ukongezelela uhlolo olubonakalayo, isigulana ugqirha ubuza imibuzo embalwa enxulumene nemeko yakhe yempilo kunye nezikhalazo, kwakunye icacisa kunokwenzeka, isigulana uye wadlulisela kutshanje kunye nezigulane unoqwilikana. Ke ugqirha imisela iimvavanyo elebhu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, analysis umchamo kule meko ayikho ulwazi, libonise kuphela ukuba usuleleko ekhoyo emzimbeni. Eyona ndlela kakhulu mihla inkcazo onoqwilikana immunofluorescence. It ikuvumela ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, oko kukuthi, emva kweentsuku 2-3, ukufumana iziphumo ethembekileyo. Kwakhona, indlela kujongwa ubukho antibodies enoqwilikana.

unyango onoqwilikana

Ngenxa yoko, unyango abaninzi kwesi sifo singàphunyezwa, yonke imikhosi kumjonga kuphela ukuvala amathuba iingxaki. Ngokuqhelekileyo, asikwazi kuba esibhedlele nomonde uqilikwane, ngaphandle kokuba intengiselwano lunika ubungqina ke ngxwaba esi sifo. Ngoko ke, ukuba isigulane sifumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo kufuneka ngoko nangoko ubize inqwelo yezigulana:

• intloko ebuhlungu engapheliyo.
• Isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha.
• Yombono.
• Ukulahleka lokuqonda.
• Ndindisholo kwiindawo ezithile apha emzimbeni.
• Ukuva ongaboniyo.
• iintlungu esiswini.

Ukuba isigulana unohlobo mnene sifo ezifana onoqwilikana, unyango oluqhutywa phaya ekhaya. Ugqirha ubeka:

1. Bed ukuphumla.
2. Ukusela intabalala iziselo.
3. Ukutya, yona simahla kuzo zonke lokwenziwa kwaye kuyingozi. Kwakhona, ukutya kufuneka babe nobubele, soft, ngaphandle ezibukhali eqhotsiweyo.
4. Ngamanzi emlonyeni ngamanzi abilayo okanye isisombululo boric acid.
5. Antivirals, immunomodulators, immunostimulants, kunye antipyretics, xa kukho ubushushu namandla.
6. Kwakhona kucetyiswa ukuba isicelo kummandla idumbile ubushushu owomileyo.

Xa ke yayinzima kaqwilikana zifuna esibhedlela. Ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo iingxaki alandelayo unyango.

Phezu umbusi, meningitis okanye polyneuropathy yongezwe ngasentla kunye nokuqeshwa iziyobisi ezithile. Ukongeza, kubonisa ukuphumla engqongqo ebhedini. Amisele iziyobisi kuphuculwe ukuhamba kwegazi lobuchopho. Ukuthintela iindumbisa ingqondo kufuneka ziqhutywe glucocorticosteroid kunye nonyango ubuthi. Kwakhona wamisa iivithamini E, PP-asidi, C, B.

Phezu umbusi, pancreatitis kwakhona Wabeka engqongqo alale kunye "nendlala strike" encinane, nto leyo iya kuhlala iintsuku ezimbini. Ngeli xesha, isigulana siya kufumana izondlo yegazi. Isigulane ke ngoko baya kubhaliswa ibe ngokutya izinto ezikhethekileyo, nto leyo iza kukhuphela ecaleni bonke yingozi. Loo ukudla kuya kufuneka ukuba zilandele ngqo ngonyaka, ukuthintela ingozi yesifo seswekile.

Kwimeko orchitis izifo ezifana onoqwilikana, unyango lwenziwa kunye nokusetyenziswa corticosteroids.

iingxaki kunokwenzeka

Amaninzi izifo ezifana onoqwilikana, uyaqhubeka ingeyongozi ebomini bomntu, kodwa ke kukho iimeko apho zinako iingxaki ezinzulu. Ukusuka imisebenzi ezibuthathaka ibakhusela eziphilayo kuvela. Phantse isiqingatha zonke iimeko amakhwenkwe aphakathi kweminyaka engama-10 ngokuxhomekeke iingxaki onoqwilikana njengoko orchitis (wamatyhalarha nokudumba). Kuba orchitis luphawulwa intlungu kakhulu, kwaye bomvu kwi samatyhalarha, lobushushu avuke. Ingakumbi eyingozi enesibetho amakhwenkwe xa ufikisa. Ukuba orchitis baye kakhulu, oko kuya kubangela yoma le amasende ibangele inzalo. Ngokutsho manani, malunga-30% ye-nezigulane efanayo amakhwenkwe ixesha kunye mumps orchitis kuhlala naziqhamo

Paramyxovirus kunokuba nesiphumo umonakalo kwi injeke, ebangela pancreatitis. Enye ingxaki rhoqo onoqwilikana meningitis kuthathwa ukuba unyango ngexesha unalo abane kakuhle.

Ukuze ufumane ezinye iingxaki ezinqabileyo ziquka:

1. Oophoritis (ukudumba ovarian iqatshelwe amantombazana).
2. Thyroiditis (thyroid kwekhono).
3. Ekubulaleni luvo eziviwayo.
4. Ukuqaqamba and juvenile.
5. Myocarditis.
6. Nephritis.

Kakhulu, inqabile kakhulu, kodwa ke kwenzeka amatyala zokufa. Kuwela nekhulu lamawaka, kwaye amaninzi unxulunyaniswa ukulawula kukho usuleleko lesibini, okanye ikhondo kakhulu kunene sifo.

amanyathelo othintelo

Onoqwilikana sisifo esisulelayo kakhulu, ngoko ke ukuba une iimpawu zesi sifo imfuneko engxamisekileyo ekwahluleni isigulane kwabanye. Ngaphezu koko, kubaluleke ngokukodwa ngokuphathelele kulo mba, njengoko ekuthinteleni onoqwilikana zisigonyelwe kuthatha. Ngelishwa, sengqondo oomama abaninzi elizweni lethu kuzo zonke iintlobo logonyo kakubi. Bonke abantwana bagonywe lwemasisi, rubella, uqilikwane, kodwa ke kukho iimeko xa mama umntwana ubhala zokwala zisigonyelwe. Le ukuzifaka engozini! Kakade ke, umntwana indlela yayo ku lokugonya. Uqilikwane, Okwangoku, unako ukuba umonakalo omkhulu ngakumbi kwimpilo ngaphezu kogonyo. Kubhetele ukuba kwangoko azise isixa eyimfuneko ogonyo ukuba ekhuselekileyo kunokuba kuzisola akwamkeliswanga yenziwe. ugonyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo (nemasisi, uqilikwane, rubella) nge-98% iya kunciphisa ingozi yosulelo. Kwaye oku isantya noko eliphezulu.

Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, ugonyo (nemasisi, uqilikwane, rubella) wabelwa ukuya konyaka emva kokuzalwa. Ekuqaleni le ugonyo kota singàphunyezwa, ngenxa yokuba usana ukukhusela izilwa sikanina. Revaccination (imasisi, rubella, mumps) oluqhutywa kwiminyaka emi-6. Ndiqinisekile abaninzi bayazibuza kutheni sithetha rubella kunye nemasisi?! Vaccine onoqwilikana ngokuqhelekileyo iqulethe elilwa ezi zifo. Emva akayicingi (rubella, imasisi, uqilikwane), basabela babe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: kuvela malunga 5 imini fever kunye ukunyuka kancinane kwamadlala amathe. Ezi mpawu kuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa, emva koko sifo iyaveliswa.

Khumbula, ukuba umntwana wakho uyagula nezifo ezifana onoqwilikana, ezinye lohlolo ugonyo okanye unyango kufuneka Ungakhathazeki, kufuneka ukuba ubonise nangoko umntwana kwagqirha. Esi siganeko yokusilela isifo ukuze lube yinto enzima. Musa ukulibala ukusabela ugonyo izifo ezifana nemasisi, rubella, unoqwilikana. Izimvo ke, lisenokubhidekisa, kodwa wena unoxanduva impilo yomntwana wakho, ngoko ke isicelo amanyathelo othintelo ziyafuneka.

ugonyo onoqwilikana ilawulwa kuphela abantwana uphilile abangenazo Izimo. Sezizathu eziphambili kukuba ugqirha ungatshitshisa isitofu ziquka:

• Unomkhuhlane.
• Ukuya kunyaka 1.
• Hypersensitivity ukuya lokugonya. Xa umntwana ukugonyelwa izifo ezifana iingxelo rubella, imasisi, uqilikwane, oomama malunga isitofu zizinto ezimbi, njengokuba umntwana hypersensitivity langoku ukuya amacandelo sokugonya, kwaye itakane transfers nzima ugonyo.
• unyango hormone.
• Umhlaza.
• Ukukhulelwa.

Kubalulekile ukuba wazi kwangaphambili zonke kunokwenzeka contra-izinto ezibonisa ukuba umntwana akazange abe iziphumo ezingalunganga kwi lokugonya.

Ukuba esi sifo asiqhenqethanga, kuyimfuneko ukuba bagcine amanyathelo othintelo ilandelayo:

1. Isigulane kufuneka uhlale uyazimela kwabanye. Ngokuqhelekileyo in eziguqulweyo umntwana egulayo wathumela ekhaya, kwaye umyezo ivaliwe yedwa iiveki ezi-3. Ukuba zange kuvela akukho nokuqhambuka olutsha zosulelo ngeli xesha, abantwana ngokukhuselekileyo ukubuyela abancinane.
2. Kuyimfuneko ukuphumeza kweentsholongwane zonke izinto zokudlala.
3. Kumguli nxazonke kufuneka banxibe imaski zonyango.
4. Igumbi kufuneka rhoqo umoya.

isiphelo

Xa ndiqukumbela, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ingozi hayi sifo, kwaye iingxaki zayo kunokwenzeka kunye neziphumo. Ngethemba sele sinengcamango yokuba yintoni mumps kwaye kuziveza ngayo ngokwayo. Kakade ke, namhlanje ihagu ethile isibetho, enkosi kogonyo, kodwa kuvele amatyala osulelo. Ukuze azikhusele kwaye akhusele umntwana wakhe, phantse-100% amatyala osulelo kufuneka agonywe. Kungcono ukukhetha isitofu sogonyo esiyindibaniselwano leyo iquka omzimba izifo ezifana nemasisi, rubella, unoqwilikana. Ukukhusela wena kunye nosapho lwakho!