Yintoni na izibalo kwengqondo?

Uphuhliso lwabantwana iqala ukususela kwimihla yokuqala yobomi bakhe. Njengoko bekhula kuyimfuneko ukuphembelela ootitshala abaqeqeshiweyo abaza kukwazi ukuphonononga kakuhle amandla umntwana uze uyibuyisele kwi kwijelo ngobuchule. izibalo zentloko yenye yeendlela mncinane kunye nathembisayo kwimfundo yomntwana. Iyakwazi ukuphuhlisa babenobuchule lo mntwana ukuze nayiphi na ingxaki yokalo emileyo iya kuba kuye izibalo elula nekhawulezayo engqondweni yakhe. Yintoni na izibalo kwengqondo: ingcamango ishishini omtsha okanye inkqubo yoqeqesho luncedo?

indaba

Indlela ezintsha yaqanjwa Turk Shen. Oku kusekelwe phezu yamandulo, babeka abacus - abacus, yasungulwa China kwiminyaka engamawaka emihlanu eyadlulayo. Kamva, le yaseJapan ukucokisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, yaye namhlanje sisebenzisa zobugcisa ukuphuculwa abacus - calculator. Nangona kunjalo, eli cebo iingxelo amandulo, ngokutsho iingcali, kwaba luncedo kakhulu ebantwaneni. ukusebenzisa kwabo kwinkqubo yemfundo yaye kube negalelo ekwakhiweni kwenkqubo entsha, ebizwa "izibalo kwengqondo" okanye "Menard". It uqala ngo-1993 e-Asia. Okwangoku, kukho malunga namawaka amahlanu amaziko emfundo kumazwe-50 ezifundisa izibalo kwengqondo. I esebenzayo kakhulu kule nkalo zizikolo US, Austria, Canada, Australia, Thailand, China kunye noMbindi Mpuma. Ivula amaziko ezikhethekileyo eRashiya, Kazakhstan kunye Kyrgyzstan. Ngoko, kakade iziphumo aphezulu amanqaku yabazali ifikelele izibalo kwengqondo e Astana kunye eMoscow.

Kutheni kuyimfuneko ukuba umntwana?

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba abantu ilungelo ikhweyitha yobuchopho inoxanduva lokusungula, umbono kunye nokudalwa imifanekiso, nangasekhohlo - ukucinga. Ukusebenza kunye ngesandla sasekhohlo, siya "vula" ingqondo ekunene, ngesandla sokunene - ekhohlo. ukusebenza yolunye omabini zifaka inika amandla enkulu kuphuhliso lwe umntwana. A msebenzi yengqondo lokubala eliguqukayo kukuba ukubandakanya yonke ingqondo kwinkqubo yemfundo. Oku kufezwa ukuphumeza imisebenzi kwi-akhawunti izandla zozibini. arithmetic yengqondo kunceda nje kuphela kakuhle izakhono ukubala fast, kodwa nayo inegalelo kuphuhliso lwezakhono yohlalutyo. Ukuba iikhalityhuleyitha mihla baphumle iinkqubo engqondweni, i-abacus, phezu koko, koololiwe yaye kuphucula kuzo.

wenza i Menard njani?

Inkqubo yoqeqesho lwe arithmetic kwengqondo ngoku iqulathe izigaba ezibini. Ekuqaleni abantwana namhlanje ubala ubuchule emathanjeni, besebenzisa izandla nje ezimbini kule misebenzi. Ukhankanye ukuba inkqubo bobabini ingqondo akhawunti zifaka inika uphumezo ekhawulezileyo kunye nemisebenzi ukugcina. abantwana abacus ngenxa zikhululekile ukuba wongeze, uthabathe, ukwahlula nande, kwakunye ukubala isikwere kunye cube ingcambu.

Xa Inqanaba lesibini lenkqubo abafundi zidluliselwa kwi-akhawunti engqondweni okanye kwinqanaba engqondweni. Isifundo ngasinye apha ibandakanya buthathaka chu yokubopha ukuya amatyala nqgo banga komntwana. I-ikhweyitha ekhohlo uyabubona amanani ekunene - akhawunti imbewu umfanekiso. Ngoko ke, lo mntwana ufunda ukwenza izibalo ecetywayo engqondweni. Kuyinto ngaphambi amanqaku nokwenza ngengqondo yenu kuyimfuneko. Eliya kusebenza kunye abacus ngengqondo. Ngoku inani iphathwa njenge umfanekiso, kwaye inkqubo ubalo lu dityanisiwe intshukumo elingana akhawunti imbewu.

yobudala

Kweli xesha ukusuka (ngamanye amaxesha 16) iminyaka-4 ukuya ku-12 ubudala, kukho uphuhliso esebenzayo zobuchopho ebantwini. Ngoko ke, wabagagamela izakhono ezingundoqo kufuneka kwenziwe ngeli thuba. Yiyo loo nto iingcali bacebisa ukuba kweli phakade abantwana ukuba bafunde iilwimi zasemzini, ukuze bafunde ukudlala izixhobo zomculo, kunye neminye imisebenzi. Xa olu luhlu, yaye ihlanganisa ngobunye le izibalo kwengqondo. Ukukhuthazwa ingqondo hlobo negalelo kuqeqesho lula kunye nemveliso phambili.

Iinjongo neziphumo

Eyona njongo iphambili ye-LIBRARY kukugxininisa uphuhliso memory yokuthathwa, yaye ubuchule bokucinga, logic kunye nomfanekiso- ngqondweni, zokuva nawazibonayo. Ekusondeleni zobungcali kunye nempumelelo ngempumelelo iinjongo umntwana enze imisebenzi izibalo ezintsonkothileyo engqondweni. Umzekelo, ukuba enze kongezwe amanani ama-10 imizuzwana embalwa, ecombulula imisebenzi computing ngxuba ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kokuba sokubala.

Le nkqubo iquka kuphela intsimi zemathematika, kodwa inceda umntwana kwezinye iinkalo zemfundo. Kunika esiqiniseke, kwenza kube lula ukusingatha iimeko ezininzi ngaxeshanye.

isikolo

Namhlanje, kulo lonke ihlabathi amawaka amaziko emfundo abantwana abucala ukuba iqukwe izibalo kwengqondo. Education (kwiiklasi kuwo onke amanqanaba) idla ithatha iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu. Ukongeza amanqanaba nophuhliso lwezixhobo LIBRARY bahlule amanqanaba-10, umfundi ngamnye uya iinyanga 2-3. Kakade ke, le program yakhiwe ngamnye kwizikolo ezahlukeneyo. Nakuba kunjalo, kukho ezinye imithetho jikelele. Amaqela kwakheka ngokobudala abafundi '. Umzekelo, kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili: ngobubele, abantwana kunye olusezantsi. Iiklasi bafundiswa iisayikholojisti abanamava abaneziqinisekiso zemfundo abaye baqeqeshiwe kwaye aqinisekiswe.

Uqeqesho lootitshala

Ukongeza kula maziko, efundisa abantwana Menard, kukho izikolo ukulungiselela uqeqesho abaziingcali kule nkalo. Njengoko umthetho, nomyali arithmetic yengqondo - umntu, esele inayo emva utitshala imfundo, isayikholojisti, kunye namava kulo mhlaba. Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yokufunda lo mbandela kubaluleke kakhulu nje kuphela ulwazi imathematika nezakhono ukusebenzisa abacus, kodwa ufundisa indlela LIBRARY ulwazi kwinqanaba ngokwasengqondweni ekukhuleni komntwana.

Ukongeza, amaziko zoqeqesho lootitshala rhoqo ukubamba iisemina, iiseshoni zoqeqesho, ezivumela ukugcina inqanaba eliphezulu zezakhono, esweni ootitshala kunye nabafundi babo umbandela 'arithmetic kwengqondo ". Uqeqesho lootitshala kufuna isiqinisekiso ngohlobo kweemviwo yaye bafumane iziqinisekiso diploma. Amaxwebhu anjalo ukunceda abazali ukuvavanya inqanaba qualification kootitshala kwaye wenze ukhetho olufanelekileyo.

Iincwadana ezifundisayo kunye neencwadi

Amaziko amaninzi uqeqesho kufuneka iindlela zakhe. Ngokubanzi, ahluke kancinane omnye komnye. Abantwana abaminyaka yobudala eyi-4-10 ziphatheka kakhulu kwaye isifundo kufuna umonde kunye nengqalelo. Ngoko ke, le nkqubo yokwenza kids Menard ukufunda isekelwe phezu awohluke zengqondo kunye nobudala lomfundi ziqhele. Ngaphandle oku utitshala uya kuba nokucengceleza elomileyo lwemithetho kwaye ayiyi kuba nemiphumo emihle.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini lokuqeqesha izinto: iincwadi zootitshala kunye neencwadi ukulungiselela abantwana besikolo kwi umbandela 'arithmetic kwengqondo ". Izibonelelo ziquka ukuqokelela lwemethodoloji, tutorials yokuzonwabisa kunye neencwadana achazayo iincwadi. Bona zihlaziywa rhoqo, zincediswa izinto abancedisayo.

Incwadi ye arithmetic yengqondo classically zimelwe ku lunee ezimbini: ithiyori kwaye aluncedo. Ngenxa umfundi yokuqala ukufunda imigaqo kunye namacebo yezenzo azo kwi-akhawunti yamandulo, iintengiselwano ngamathambo. Iindibano i umthambo ekuloleni nokuqinisa nolwazi theoretical component. Iincwadi kufuneka ukwahlulwa ecacileyo kumgangatho kwenkqubo kunye nobudala babafundi.

reviews

arithmetic Mental abantwana - i-akhawunti entsha noko inkqubo yoqeqesho. Kodwa ngaphambi kwalo wabonisa iziphumo epheleleyo. Izenzo kunye nezimvo ukuxabana kwabazali ukuba izibalo kwengqondo kuluncedo kakhulu nolusebenzayo. It kungafakwa ngempumelelo kwinkqubo yemfundo yesinyanzelo okanye kuba, njengokuba ngoku, imali eyongezelelweyo, ozikhethelayo ukuphuhlisa abantwana.

iiyure nje ezimbini ukuya kwezine ngeveki phakathi kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kweeklasi ukunika iziphumo emangalisayo. Parents ukuphucuka kwinkumbulo ebantwaneni, ekuphuhliseni ubuchule bokucinga, ingqalelo kunye ingqalelo. Bavakalelwa nentembelo ngakumbi kwi iiseshoni ngokubanzi, enga angathi ngokukhona kwaye uyakhawuleza ukulungisa wasekhaya. Ngokubonakalayo ukwandisa inqanaba komsebenzi wabo.

Ngoko ke, lo izibalo kwengqondo akazange nje isifundo esithile kuphuhliso lwezakhono computer, kodwa omnye izigaba ukuyilwa ubuntu ephuhliswe ngokupheleleyo. Ubuninzi amandla obuchopho ukuba "ivuliwe" eklasini, likuvumela ukuba ukukhulisa umntwana esempilweni kunye nempumelelo, le ngqondi encinane owathi, amkele wazazi eqinileyo efana kwixesha elizayo uyakwazi ukutshintsha ihlabathi.