Yintoni na ubude marathon?

Umqala wam zokuphefumla owomileyo kwemithambo. Imilenze udiniwe, yaye kwabonakala leaden. Ezindlebeni headphones umculo owuthandayo, ebelisoloko inkxaso amandla emzimbeni. Ubaleka phezu kumatshini, ngaphandle kokuba ixabiso kwenyathelo ngalinye. Emva kokuba entanjeni isiqabu olukhulu nolwaneliseko. Uziva ndandifeketha na, ngokungathi namhlanje isuka. Uphefumla kancane sibuye eqhelekileyo, oko anencasa kulinganiswa.

Malunga iimeko ezinjalo ezifunyanwa bonke wakha asebenza ngokubaleka imigama emide. Ngoxa "big" - ingqiqo evakalala. run Ezinye 1 km iya kuba feat. Kodwa uthetha malunga imigama ye-10, 15 no-20 km. Ngoko ke iintlanga ezinjalo kufuneka okulungileyo amandla ukuthanda nokunyamezela.

Kodwa kanye kwincopho, ezitsala kunye alinakuzuzwa kwayo, ubude olu gqatso. Oku ubuso apho ufuna ukuya iimbaleki ezininzi engahlawulwayo. Kodwa ngenxa amalungiselelo kakhulu into efunekayo ukuze ukoyisa olu gqatso, iya kuba nako ukuphumeza ayikho ukuba wonke. Kodwa ke nangona kunjalo, yintoni ubude marathon? Kuyinto km 42 ubude kunye 195 m. Le yindlela okuqhuba iimbaleki, ngoko ukuze ukuthwala igama oHloniphekileyo we webanga elide lobomi.

Uvelaphi ubude onjalo

Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, "yintoni na ubude gqatso", kufuneka zithetha kwenkcazelo yembali. Ngoko ke, ngo-490 BC emfazweni phakathi imikhosi yamaGrike namaPersi. Kwathi kufutshane nedolophu lamandulo Marathon. Ukuze ukwazisa Athene ukuba amaGrike iphumelele, yena wathuma umthunywa Pheidippides, ngubani ran umgama we-42 km kunye neemitha ezili-195. Wayinika iindaba ezilungileyo, waphosa afa komzimba.

Emva kokuba ixesha elide Umgama marathon watshintsha amaxesha ehlengahlengisiweyo eziliqela. Kodwa ngowe-1921, iye yasekwa kwaye kubhalwe ukuba nani yi-International Federation of leembaleki engahlawulwayo. Iminyaka emininzi lonke umhlaba ezicwangciswe imidyarho marathon, ebandakanya ezininzi amawaka ngexesha.

Olu hlobo zemidlalo ezifana nokubaleka, zithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu. Bona benza iinjongo zokuzonwabisa kunye nokugcinwa isandi emzimbeni. Kuyinto ziyafumaneka kuye wonke umntu ungahambisa.

Kufuneka senze ntoni ukuze ukubaleka ugqatso

Phambi kokuba ukubaleka ugqatso, wonke umntu kufuneka kudlule isixa esikhulu zoqeqesho. Kwakhona uya kufuna iyoba namandla kunye shutter yentsimbi. Kufuneka ukubaleka qho mihla le-10 km, ngokuxhomekeke emzimbeni, khetha ukutya efanelekileyo. Njengoko umthetho, ukulungiswa wohlanga yinkqubo into eyenziwe ngumfundi ngamnye. Oku kuquka:

• ubonelelo kunye indlela yayo esemgangathweni. ekudleni kufuneka esweni ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kwakhona, inkqubo eyahlukileyo inokuba ukutya equka inani elithile kwezinto umzimba. Iimveliso ezikhethiweyo ilawulwa yi-mali kolwamkelo lwabo.
• uqeqesho abakwisigaba. Kufuneka ngempumelelo alunxulumanise nezimo nomthwalo ukuphumla. Indlela yenye iinkalo eziphambili ngenxa yababini eyiyo.
• Isicwangciso sophuhliso. Le itshathi apho kukho ixesha ikhulise-up okucinezeleka ngohlobo umgama linyukile.

iimpazamo saqala

Abaninzi kwabo lowo ubude gqatso sele injongo kwixesha elizayo, baqale ukuqeqesha. Kwaye, ukwenzela ukuphucula ukwakheka kwalo, zama ukuba ukucofa nayo ngokukhawuleza. ukukhawulezisa okunjalo kuyingozi kakhulu kwimpilo kwaye ukuqhuba umzimba ibe isiphelo ofileyo. Ukuze uphephe oku, kufuneka sikhumbule umthetho ukuba yonke imithwalo kufuneka ngokuthe ngcembe. Xa kungekho tyala akukho mfuneko yokuba ukukhawulezisa uqeqesho kwaye uzame ukubaleka enkulu kakhulu umgama ngaphandle alungiselelwe. Kubhetele ukuba zahlule zonke izigaba kwaye ukuba afudukele kwezinye injongo encinane kwenye. Loo nto iza ziziqhelanise umzimba ezingalungiselelwanga, ukuxhasa umthwalo.

Kwakhona, kukho ezininzi kweziyobisi kunye ezahlukeneyo mziba, ezinceda umzimba ukwenza zolondolozo amandla ukukhulisa amandla nokomelela. Kodwa kakubi loo ndlela kuba nemiphumela eziphilayo ngokohlobo umonakalo wesibindi kunye namanye amalungu achaphazelekayo ngokuyintloko ziziyobisi. Kufuneka masiqaphelisise ngenyameko enkulu, phantsi kweliso ugqirha onamava. Akukho mfuneko yokuba Ndiyathemba ukuba nonke bazi ngale shishini, awukwazi kuphela bathembele ngokwabo. iingcebiso ngokugqithiseleyo ayisoze.

Inkqubo yoqeqesho

Ukuba sele owoyamaniswe ukuba umthambo rhoqo, ngoko ke ubude iComrades uza ayibonakali i ezimbi oko kunokubonakala kunzima. Kodwa ukuba baqale lokoyisa uqeqesho oluphuculweyo iinyanga 3-4. Ungasebenzisa iziganeko zonyaka kwizixeko ezinkulu, apho Usuku ezithile udlula uhlanga, baze balungiselele kubo. Ezi iintlanga alungelelaniselwe ukunceda iimbaleki ukudibana kwaye bathethe omnye nomnye. Ukongeza, kukho amabhaso ngenxa nxaxheba iimbasa neeleta creditable ezinokuthi lugcinwe kwinkumbulo.

"3 + 1" ungasebenzisa umgaqo kuqeqesho ngenjongo iqala. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka abaleke iintsuku ezi-3 ezilandelelanayo kunye ngenye imini lokuphumla. Ngaphezu koko kuyimfuneko kukwandisa inani leentsuku zoqeqesho ubuncinane phambi kokuba angene ukungunda 5 okanye 1 + 6 + 1.

Banga ukuzilolonga nganye, kakhulu, kufuneka ukuba kwandiswe kancinci. Kufuneka ube phakathi km-10 no-25. Kwakhona, hayi yonke imihla kufuneka usebenzise inani elifanayo leekhilomitha. Kuyenzeka ukuba enze ukwanda kumjikelo enye. Ngokomzekelo, ngosuku lokuqala umgama yi-10 km, owesibini - 15, owesithathu - 20, sesine - yesihlanu 25 - 30 km. Ezi ukusebenzisa lihlangana ngcembe lusebenza umonde. Kwakhona kule program kufuneka zibandakanye uqeqesho kwi lunikezelo. Ngaloo imbaleki weyisayo 1-3 km ukukhawulezisa, uze emva koko ukusuka km 0.5 ukuya kwezi-2 ezisebenza isantya eneshologu e. Kuyimfuneko ukuba umkhosi kumgama xa kukho phezu emendweni.

Records ku marathon

irekhodi lomhlaba olu gqatso ngo-2014 waseka oyinzalelwane Kenya Dennis Kipruto Kimetto. Wawubaleka umgama chasa imizuzu 2 2 nemizuzwana 57. Wakwazi ukuba ukubetha irekhodi lwe Marathon Wilson Kipsang Kiprotich ngu seconds njengoko 26. Zonke iingxelo ezintsha kunyaka kuqala ziyahluka ngamashumi kuphela nje ezimbalwa lemizuzwana. Oku kungenxa amathuba umda omzimba womntu.

Olimpiki

Marathon kwi kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki yenye iziganeko yonqulo ngokuqhelekileyo iphela yonke siganeko. Ugqatso ziqukwe kuluhlu lwe kukhuphiswano phakathi kwabantu bokuqala. Amaxesha amaninzi esiphelweni elide kwenzeka kwibala imbeko kukuvalwa kweMidlalo YeOlimpiki ngokubaluleka. Kuye ube uhlobo ngokwesithethe kugcinwa isiganeko ngasinye.

Kukho uthumo ekhethekileyo indlela isiqinisekiso kunye enqamleza elide. Xa ngokungqinelana nemigaqo, kufuneka ungabi amahla ngaphezu ukuphambuka eliphezulu avumelekile. Kwakhona, kufuneka kubekho excess ezibalulekileyo okanye ukunqongophala ugqatso.

Ekubeni inani iimbaleki eziphakamileyo, ngenxa yoko ingxelo ukuqala nokugqiba kunzima kakhulu, ngokusebenzisa chips ezikhethekileyo elektroniki, anikwe kwi nxaxheba ngamnye zobhaliso yayo.

Umbutho khuphiswano kweMidlalo YeOlimpiki

Abaququzeleli be iintlanga bakholisa ukusebenzisa iindlela ube isiqinisekiso umbutho. Kuba oku iseti, kwaye ifakwe wokuqalisa nokugqiba kuyo. Emva zonke kwiikhilomitha ezi-5 zangasese kunye neziseko ifakwe kulungiselelwe amanzi kunye nokutya ukuba iimbaleki, ezifana umgama bridging kungumngeni omkhulu ejongene nawo umzimba. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuba silondoloze ukulinganisela amanzi niwuzalise amandla iimbaleki. Kukho kwakhona abasebenzi abakhethekileyo abawugcinayo umyalelo phezu ugqatso umsebenzi ambulensi buyo kaxakeka.

ukhuphiswano engahlawulwayo

Kwakhona, kukho imibutho orhwebo bekwi okuququzelela marathons. Bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kule ukubhalisa enze umnikelo wemali. Ngelo xesha ke wakhupha namba. Iziphumo iziganeko onjalo wangayamkeli ngumbutho wamazwe ngamazwe, ekubeni inani kweemitha Marathon zingohluka kwezo elimisiweyo. Phakathi kwimidyarho emininzi ethandwa, unofficial ezi Los Angeles kunye Boston marathons, ezisetyenziselwa ukuba umkhondo ukwaphulwa.

isiphelo

Ngokoyisa ngeencopho enjalo, njengoko ubude Marathon enye yeenjongo iimbaleki ezininzi engahlawulwayo. Kwaye akunamsebenzi ukuphatha imbaleki nganye. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ukuqeqesha eninzi kwaye okuzimisela elungileyo. Kwihlabathi kukho uluntu ezininzi kunye namaqela fan, leyo Ukusasaza ulwazi ndawonye nxaxheba elide evela ehlabathini lonke.

Marathon, imbali olwaqala ngowe-490 BC, bathumela, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, hayi zonke. Kodwa abo baye boyisa oko, ngumzekelo kwabo kubonakala njani ezinzima ngayo.

Apha, mhlawumbi, nabo bonke ukuba yintoni na ubude olu gqatso. Kodwa musa ukucinga ukuba 42 km kunye neemitha ezili-195 - umgama leyo inde kakhulu. amathuba Human akupheli ngokwenene.