Yintoni shigellosis nokuba inyangwa njani

Kulo mba, njengoko segazi, seva abantu abaninzi. Yintoni shigellosis, iimpawu zesi sifo, oonobangela neendlela zokulahla - konke oku kwaye ufuna ngoku ukubalisa ngokweenkcukacha.

lwesigama

Ekuqaleni, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqonda imigaqo esisiseko esetyenzisiwe kwinqaku langoku. Ngoko ke, yintoni na shigellosis? Xa ulwimi eqhelekileyo kakhulu - ngu segazi, ie igciwane lohlobo emathunjini. Ezibangelwa amagciwane, ziphantsi usapho Shigella (ukusuka apha kwaye kukho ukuvela igama sifo).

Kwakhona, oogqirha bathi ingxaki Inokuba kwenzeke ngexesha lishushu konyaka, okt kakhulu ehlotyeni, ebusika. Abantu bayahlupheka ukusuka ngokulinganayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yindoda. Noko ke, amaxesha amaninzi kuchaphazela abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 no-4.

malunga exciter

Lwegciwane Shigella - Shigella iintsholongwane usapho. Ingakumbi olukhuni kakhulu Shigella sonnei. Le functionality ukuba qhubeka ixesha elide kakhulu, nkqu iinyanga eziliqela (ngexesha ingakumbi ashushu). Iimeko ezithandwa kakhulu kwenziwe ezi zinto ziphilayo - kukudla (yenkomo, nyama iphekiweyo wayipheka nentlanzi, ubisi kunye neemveliso zobisi, kunye neziselo ijeli kunye neziqhamo). mechanism transmission Iintsholongwane - ilindle-ngomlomo. Lathumela efanayo qhagamshelana-indlu, amanzi kunye nokutya nge. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba, usenokosuleleka nokuba umzimba womntu ufumana ngaphantsi kwe-100 cells Shigella.

Oogqirha nabo bathi uvakalelo zabantu ezahlukeneyo kwesi sifo eyahlukileyo, umzekelo, kuxhomekeka iqela yegazi. ubuntununtunu Ubuninzi bantu amaqela igazi A (II), RP ukuLungele ukuPasa (2), RH (-).

izinto phathogenicity

Siya kuqwalaselwa ngakumbi loo shigellosis ezinjalo. Kufuneka kuthiwe ngokwazo ezi bhaktheriya ilifa inani iipropati ukuba yayintsholongwane eyosulela kakhulu ngabantu:

• Invasin. Ezi ziiproteni ezikhethekileyo ezinceda iintsholongwane eziyingozi ndzulu inwebu kwiinwebu emathunjini. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku abachaphazelekayo kwi icandelo esezantsi lomzimba.
• Endotoxin. Ngawo la Izakha umntu impawu ukunxila.
• Exotoxin. Le into eyingozi ukuba ukhupha iintsholongwane ibe ligazi yesigulane. Le nto ebangela ingxaki ezifana norhudo.

symptomatology

Xa sithetha ngxaki efana shigellosis, iimpawu - yiloo nto kufuneka kukuxelela ngokuqinisekileyo. Ekuqaleni, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba kokuvela sifo besiqithi. Yiyiphi enye avakalelwa ngayo kwesi sifo?

1. Kwindawo yokuqala kukho urhudo, ebizwa njalo-"sorhudo wamagazi".
2. amahlaba esiswini. Ekuqaleni, iintlungu limbatshile, iba yondele kakhulu, nto cramping kwindalo. Eyendawo: osesiswini, ubukhulu becala - ngasekhohlo. Neentlungu mkhulu phambi isitulo, nabo basoloko sisiva kukhula iminqweno bobuxoki.
3. Fever.
4. Iimpawu kunxilwe: ukwanda Izalathisi iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni, iintlungu ngokudibeneyo kunye nobuthathaka kwezihlunu.

Zonke ezi mpawu ziboniswa malunga iiyure ezingamashumi amabini anesine emva usulelo. Ngoko ke, lo okuthatha le sifo malunga 1-7 iintsuku (kwezinye iimeko, unako kunqanyulelwa iiyure 5-10).

segazi yayiyazi

Esi sifo ukuba zombini oyingozi futhi ezigulo ezondeleyo. Yintoni shigellosis oyingozi? Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba olu hlobo lwesifo ibonakalisiwe ekhuthele kakhulu. Symptomatology eliqaqambileyo. Oogqirha bathi kulo mzekelo abachaphazelekayo ikakhulu nje ikholoni. Iimpawu olu hlobo sifo:

• Fever. Ubushushu. Ukuba abantwana bazibandakanye, nezikhombisi linokufikelela uphawu 40 ° C.
• Norhudo. Ekuqaleni, isisu omfutshane ube uzinzo anzongonzongo. Nangona kunjalo, kunye nophuhliso isifo inani leehambo kwigumbi langasese anda, maxa wambi ukuya amaxesha-30 ngosuku. Inkunkuma inokufumaneka yencindi, igazi okanye ubomvu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba igazi ithe, "uthi," ukuba segazi umntu, hayi omnye ukuphazamiseka emathunjini.
• iintlungu esiswini. Ngaba cramping endalweni. Ngokuthe ngcembe kwandisa.
• Tenesmus. ie isigulane banokufumana umnqweno lobuxoki ukuba azikhulula. Kwakhona, kukho intlungu empundwini emva kokuya kwindlu yangasese.
• Azixhaphakanga, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha isicaphucaphu nokugabha.

Ukuba ixesha ukuqalisa unyango, le ngxaki kusingathwa ngeveki. Kungenjalo kukho umngcipheko iingxaki. Ngaphezu koko, naye kuyenzeka ezibulalayo.

segazi ezingapheliyo

shigellosis esinganyangekiyo ukuba unesifo xa sifo kukuba ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintathu. Ikhosi ye sifo kusenokubakho eyahlukileyo.

Ngoko ke, ingxaki esinokubakho ngesiseko esiqhubekayo, zingabuyi zingenzeka. Olu hlobo sifo linophawu nexesha likakade. Symptomatology ibonakalaliswe isiXhosa kakhulu ngendlela oyingozi. Iimpawu zesifo kakuhle, hayi kubi kangako. Kwiimeko ezininzi akukho gazi kwi isitulo, kwaye ukufunda iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni musa ukudlula uphawu 37,5 ° C.

A amagama ambalwa malunga abantwana

Shigellosis ebantwaneni kaninzi kwenzeka ebudeni beminyaka zabasakhasayo. Ingxaki enkulu kukuba umntwana kudla ngokusisondeza ngezandla ezimdaka kunye zokudlala emlonyeni wakhe ngale ndlela omiyi bosulelekile. Oogqirha of Statistics uthi ukuba malunga nama-70% azo zonke izigulane - oku abantwana.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba shigellosis ebantwaneni kwenzeka kancinane ngokwahlukileyo kunokuba abadala. Yintoni na Uphawu ukuba izigulane omncinane:

• Isitulo ezinkulu, etsho ngevumba, eluhlaza. It lunokukhangela izinto yencindi, kwakunye izigaqa ukutya undigested. Wachuba iindawo igazi zinqabile.
• Isisu kubantwana akufuneki ziyatsalwa dlame.
• toxicosis Primary ubuthathaka, kodwa zasesekondari - eyomeleleyo. Kuphazanyiswa ukutya, ulwelo kunye nokulungelelana electrolyte.
• Amaninzi ukuphuhlisa inyumoniya okanye otitis media - usulelo lesibini amagciwane.
• Isifo inophawu siziinduli. Kwakhona, abantwana banotyekelo nezifo ezinganyangekiyo.

ekuxilongweni

Yintoni enye ekufuneka uyazi esi sifo ngokuthi shigellosis? Uxilongo (primary) enokwenziwa nokuba ekhaya. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, isalathisi engundoqo phambi kwesi sifo - gazi kwi esitulweni. Ukuba kukho lo uphawu, kufuneka ngoko nangoko bafune uncedo kagqirha. Yintoni eyenza le mbali?

1. indlela bacteriological. It uhlwayelela endleni eziya kwenza kube lula ukubona kwamagciwane.
2. Lweseroloji umkhuhlane. Kulo mzekelo, igazi ukhangela izilwa-shigella. Kodwa ke, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba le ndlela phantse asisetyenziswa konke. Emva kokuba zonke iinkcukacha ungafumana nge lula ngakumbi yaye ukholosile ngeendlela bacteriological.
3. PCR. Olu hlobo isetyenziselwa kunqabile kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba ibiza kakhulu. Yiyiphi: kwenkcazo zofuzo ithe Shigella.

unyango

Siqwalasela izifo ezifana elimiselweyo njengoko shigellosis. Treatment kunye neendlela ukuba balahle ingxaki - Kwakhona kufuneka ukuxelelwa. Ziziphi iziyobisi usenokumisela ugqirha?

• Drug "Regidron". Kuyanceda ekulawuleni balance ngamanzi-ityuwa, yasiqhekeza kanye, ukuba urhudo yesigulane.
• Sorbents. Ezi iziyobisi ezifana "Smecta", "Enterosgel". injongo yazo - ukunciphisa iziphumo ezinetyhefu emzimbeni, kwakunye ukulwa urhudo.
• Antibiotics. Ukuba isifo inobulali, ukusetyenziswa kwazo ingafuneki. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba kukho admixture kwegazi, oogqirha ukumisela rhoqo lo amayeza ngaphezu endleni njengoko "ciprofloxacin". Uyakwazi ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezifana "Tetracycline", "ampicillin". Ubude reception kunokuba ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ke ngokomyinge iintsuku ezi-5.

Isilumkiso! Ukwamkela iziyobisi antidiarrheal ezifana "Loperamide", "Immodium", kuyathintelwa. Baya isantya kwakhululwa le mithambo ye gciwane emathunjini. Oku kakhulu lwenze inkqubo impiliso kunye kukhuthaza iintsholongwane eziyingozi.

Nutrition, ukudla

Kweli nqaku, kucacile ukuba Shigellosis - segazi, okt ingxaki enxulumene iphecana zesisu. Kungenxa yoko le nto, kunye unyango isigulane yabelwe oluthile lokutya. Ukuba isigulana umntu urhudo, ubonisa itafile №4. kubume bayo: kuncitshiswa umxholo kwamafutha kunye carbohydrate mali eqhelekileyo protein aphele. Kubalulekile kulo mzekelo ukuphelisa ukutya ezibangela flatulence kunye ukuqunjelwa.

Products Kucetyiswa ukuba kwamkela:

1. crackers zengqolowa.
2. Isuphu kwi umhluzi ukukhanya cereal.
3. Soft yenkukhu inyama kunye nentlanzi ebilisiweyo.
4. Fresh ephantsi-fat cottage sisi.
5. Gadudu phezu kwamanzi: oatmeal, irayisi, buckwheat.
6. Amaqanda: iyabiliswa okanye ebilisiweyo soft-ebilisiweyo, akukho ngaphezu iiPC-2. ngosuku.
7. imifino okuphekiweyo.

inyala Ukutya:

1. Umgubo kunye yokubhaka iimveliso.
2. broths ezityebileyo isuphu ezisekelwe phezu kwabo.
3. inyama okunamafutha, intlanzi.
4. Ubisi kunye kwiimveliso lulo.
5. Pasta.
6. Kashi: nengqolowa, nerhasi, irhasi.
7. Imidumba.
8. kwemifuno kunye neziqhamo.
9. Ikoko, ikofu, iziselo nezihlwahlwazayo.

Ukuba ngusihlalo na nganye, yiya kwi №2 yokudla. It lithambile kakhulu kunalowo yangaphambili. Kulo mzekelo, adla kungaquka zokutya esele zilandelayo:

• isonka esidala.
• Inyama nentlanzi.
• Iimveliso zobisi.
• neziqhamo ezivuthiweyo kunye amaqunube ngohlobo lweso.
• Iilekese: iilekese, iilekese, ilekese.

ukuvimbela

Ukuze siphephe iingxaki ezifana, ezifana shigellosis, uthintelo - oko kubalulekile. Emva kokubona amanye amanyathelo, kulula ukuthintela ukunwenwa kwesi sifo.

1. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo kangangoko. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza oku emva kokuya kwindlu yangasese.
2. abantwana abaselula esemncinane kufuneka bafundiswe imithetho kococeko lomntu buqu.
3. Kubalulekile ukugcina kakuhle uze upheke iintlobo zokutya.
4. Emva obekudibene nezigulana kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba uhlambe izandla zakho. ilinen Nomonde kufuneka zicocwe ngesibulali zinambuzane.
5. Izigulane kufuneka ukutyelela iindawo apho amaqela abantu (ukuya emsebenzini, esikolweni, enkulisa). Ngapha koko, ukuba abathwali osulelo. Oku kungenziwa kuphela emva kokuba iziphumo ezingalunganga zovavanyo Ukuchumisa yebhaktiriya.

Ingakumbi ingqalelo zonke ezi ngasentla kuthetha amanyathelo kufuneka baphathe abasebenzi zibalelwa ezabelwe ukutya.

ukungaphili

Yintoni shigellosis - yakuqonda. Ekupheleni kufuneka sikhunjuzwe ukuba esi sifo xa baphathwe kakuhle ukukhula ezahlukahlukeneyo iingxaki. Yintoni na ke ukuba kukoyikwa?

Prolapse ye isikali. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba tenesmus kwaye rhoqo iihambo ukuya kwindlu yangasese.

Emzimbeni. Ihlangana esitulweni lweenkcukacha anzongonzongo. Naxa ingumbandela ozaliswe ziziphumo ezimbi ezinokuba kuchaphazela onke amalungu kunye neenkqubo zomzimba.

Maxa wambi kukho kwakhona ukopha emathunjini. Kwimeko enjalo isigulane ubonisa esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.

ukunxila ezimandundu (amayeza kule meko kuthiwa megacolon ityhefu). Apha bulukwe inxalenye esezantsi Amathumbu amakhulu, neendonga zaso izokhula. Ngenxa yoko, igazi wendele eninzi ityhefu. Le meko nokuba kukhokelela ekufeni.

Mhlawumbi ukuphazamisana nokusebenza le izintso, maxa wambi insufficiency kakhulu sezintso. Nokubonakaliswa sokuqala sale ngxaki - oliguria, okt ukuhla okukhulu isixa umchamo isigulane.

Hemolysis. Kulo mzekelo, isigulane lisenokuba igazi kakhulu, zegazi wegazi liyehla kakhulu.

Bacteremia. Kulo mzekelo, iintsholongwane igazi isigulane bafumana. Le meko idla kwenzeka kwizigulana abangondlekanga. Ayajika nzima kakhulu kwaye kaninzi kuphelela ekufeni.

usuleleko Secondary. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba komzimba. Kwimeko enjalo aphela rhoqo kuvela izifo ezifana wokuchama usulelo phecana okanye inyumoniya.

Emva recuperating for kwexesha elithile na ukusindiswa isitulo disorder. Konke oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba, ngexesha Shigella isifo ochaphazelekayo isisu, nto leyo ekhokelela yokulimala.

Abantwana abancinane nokuphola esi sifo ifomu esibi esinye isibini kweenyanga isenokuba buthathaka umzimba, waphelelwa ngamandla, ukudinwa. Kwakhona, ngokufuthi kukho ingxaki ezifana goiter.