Zhokhov Island: izinto kunye photo

I-Arctic usoloko kwatsala ingqalelo oomatiloshe kunye nabakhenkethi, kodwa wahlala intsimi-yaziwa kancinane, igcina a lot of weemfihlelo. Enye eemfihlelo yayo yi Zhokhova siqithi encinane laso babezingela amabhere neminyaka 8000 eyadlulayo. iiprojekthi zophando ezinkulu-abasakhasayo ukuba yenziwa kwi siqithi, ukunceda ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo, ukutshintsha indlela imozulu kunye ebusweni bomhlaba kangangamawaka eminyaka.

iimpawu Geographical wesiqithi Zhokhova

Zhokhova siqithi ibekwe amanzi East Sea Siberian. Yena yinxalenye yeqela Islands De Long, igqalwa enye i-New Siberian Islands. Ku fanele ku kummandla weRiphabliki Sakha (Russia). Umgama ukuya nemisinga ngu 440 km, ekufutshane kuyo Vilkitsky siqithi ibekwe km 40. Kwala island ngobude ukusuka emantla ukuya ezantsi 11 km, ububanzi ingxenye yi km 10, emazantsi yayo ngu-4 km kude.

Iyonke ndawo - 58 square metres. km. Umphezulu ngengingqi onduli. Le Intaba inalo ukuphakama kuyimitha 120. On a onge indawo kukho ezinye Amachweba ezincinane, amachibi, imilambo ziphalale ngamanzi ahlaziyekileyo. Isiqithi kunxweme tyaba agudileyo kwi inxalenye emzantsi-mpuma. Emantla nasemantla-ntshona kwamaxandeka kwezindawo, ukuphakama kwawo kwezinye iindawo efikelela-12 leemitha. ulwandle nzulu kufuphi nonxweme siqithi. Eqina ngoSeptemba, kwaye enze omkhenkce ezinzileyo ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-Oktobha.

Isakhiwo zejoloji siqithi

Zhokhova siqithi kwasekwa kwiminyaka yezigidi 10-20 eyadlulayo. isakhiwo isiqabu ubunjwe ice komhlaba kunye namatye, ise-permafrost. Phakathi kwazo kukho lekalika, abangelwe kunye ksenolitovye hlobo apho kukho inclusions of olivine. Bayeyona eqweqweni yolwandle, sifihlwe phantsi umaleko angqingqwa ice fossil.

Kunxweme umhlaba oyisanti-intlenga, thawing olo lunokukhangela imiboko omkhulu kunye namahashe imikhombe bone kunye nezinye izilwanyana. Ezi ziphumo zibonisa ukuba siqithi Zhokhova, nto leyo ngoku ummandla permafrost, amawaka aliqela eminyaka eyadlulayo laliyindawo kwimozulu epholileyo. Ngexesha izimbiwa umsebenzi garnet yedeskthopi zifunyenwe apha, Gold, apatite kunye nezinye izimbiwa.

Enezityalo nezilwanyana wesiqithi

Zhokhova Island, iifoto apho ingabonwa kwinqaku, - oku ke emathafeni Arctic. Ubushushu bomoya yi -7 ° C, ngexesha ebusika lufikelela 40 Celsius ngesantya umoya 40 m / umzuzwana. Ehlotyeni elifutshane Arctic, nto leyo eyenzeka ngoJulayi nango-Agasti, umhlaba akanayo ixesha Sukugcina ukuya kubunzulu ezinkulu. Ngoko ke, ihlabathi izityalo zinikwe ubulembu ezingcakacileyo, ulele kunye nengca ezikhula kumaqela amancinane. Phantse onke amalungu nezihluma acofiweyo emhlabeni, babalekayo umoya obandayo. Kwi siqithi kukho isiciko izityalo rhoqo. Kwiindawo ezininzi ngezizathu izenzo ezilulwalwa. Kodwa kule ezinjalo iimeko ezinzima ngamanye amaxesha kufunyanwa poppy ezibandayo kanye saxifrage.

Ngenxa sezulu esibandayo kunye izilwanyana flora omncinane kwisiqithi Zhokhova akukho ezahlukeneyo ezahlukeneyo. Apha uyakwazi ukufumana nwe iintaka zolwandle, kodwa ke abameli balo ezona iimpungutye kunye amabhere. Zezilwanyana zaselwandle abahlala apha, walruses kunye namatywina bebeziqhelanisa siphila kwiimeko ezimaxongo le Arctic. Ukongeza, kukho iminenga kunye killer. Ebudeni ihlobo amanzi siqithi uyakwazi ukubona amadada esemantla namarhanisi.

station imozulu Polar kwi siqithi

Ngowe-1955, kwisiqithi kwisikhululo polar, ukuqeshwa kwabantu 28 yahlelwa. Ummandla rhabaxa Arctic akukho labemi ngokusisigxina. Tshintsha polar olwenziwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini. Kwisikhululo iliso umkhondo yemozulu ihamba ziintshukumo zenyikima kummandla omkhenkce leziqithi De Long.

Sibaso iinkqubo idiesel, iimveliso kunye nezixhobo zisiwe kwisiqithi moya An-12. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, lo moya lakhiwa yaye zokuhlala ngomthi. Bathi eziqulathwe yokuhlala, isikhululo yezulu, igumbi irediyo, saloon, ikhitshi. Xa eSoviet Union iwa, kufuneka ubunzima kunye nobonelelo kunye nolondolozo lwezibonelelo zendlela. Inkxaso-mali yokufunda le Arctic iye yayekwa. Ngowe-1993 isikhululo yavalwa.

Imfuno yophuhliso naseNovosibirsk Islands Nqabakazi, ukufundisisa kweemeko ice kunye neemeko zesimo sezulu kwakhona kwavela ngokunxulumene yokuba i-Arctic wafumana iidiphozithi-oli negesi kunye neminye imithombo yezimbiwa. Ngo-2014, yakhiwa Imigqaliselo zemozulu emanzini yeelwandle wasentla. Le nkqubo bangena siqithi kunye Zhokhova, nto leyo kokufaka isikhululo imozulu oluzenzekelayo. Ngoku, oko lokudlulisa ngemozulu in Roshydromet.

Imbali ngexesha lokufunyanwa siqithi

Kufuneka bafunde iNorthern Sea Route wabonakala eRashiya emva kokoyiswa kwi imfazwe eJapan 1904-1905, unyaka olisebenzisileyo ukubugqithisa inkundla kuLwandle lweBaltic ukuya kunxweme East Far. Ukuze wenze oku, uhambo lokuhlola amanzi zadalwa. Wagqiba phezu elingaphesheya Arctic Ocean ukusuka wethu Strait ukuya kuLwandle Barents. Akukho mntu waziyo ke emantla i Taimyr Peninsula i Ncebakazi enkulu.

Phambi ko-1912, kwenziwa uphando kwi wethu Strait kunye neelwandle ezingqongileyo. Ngowe-1913 kwagqitywa ifuduke Chukotka ukuya Arkhangelsk kwi icebreaker "Taimyr" yaye "Vaigach". Umthetho abathetheli BA kunye PA Vilkitsky Novopashenny. Ngethuba lenguqu icebreakers kwakufuneka kubasasazela. "Taimyr" waya eKapa Chelyuskin, yaye "Vaigach" waqalisa ukufuna "Sannikov Land", engazange wafunyanwa. Ekubeni ulwandle ezolile, kwaye umkhenkce kumphezulu phantse ndingekho khona, umkhombe walandela indlela eyenziwe ngasentla phambi.

Agasti 14, 1914 iGosa Watch Aleksey Nikolaevich Zhohov waphawula esiqithini East Siberian Sea. Yena wayengekho kwimaphu. Yena ke igama siqithi Novopashennym. Xa Captain PA Novopashenny bathutha eRashiya ngowe-1926 i siqithi ngokutsha imbeko siqithi Zhokhova sombutho babembonile kuqala.

Zhohovskaya yokupaka

Kweli thuba ukusuka ku-2000 ukuya ku-2005 kwi-siqithi olwenziwe ukumba. Ngeli xesha, safumana yokupaka abantu bamandulo emantla benza nokuzingelwa amabhere kunye amaxhama. Yaye izazinzulu ziye kufika kwi siqithi Zhokhova. Ezinika umdla zotyelelo e ngohlobo zakudala ezivela ngabembi, baqalisa ukufunda ngokweenkcukacha. Hi ndlela leyi, ezi ziphumo zibonakalisa ukuba abantu ababehlala apha 7,8-8 engamawaka eyadlulayo. Le ndawo iyonke apho kumbiwa wenziwe, waba 570 macala onke. m. Xa kuqokelelwe ezafunyanwa zakudala ezenziwe ngamatye, umthi, amabamba omkhulu, kunye ezinde izinto amaxolo ukweluka.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba apha kule ndawo phakathi-25 no-50 nabantu, phakathi amabhinqa. izinto bafumanisa abonisa ukuba inyama amabhere ezityiwa, apho hayi nayiphi na zokuhlala esemantla zifunyenweyo ngaphambili. Abantu bamandulo wasentla nabo laze ukufumana oboya. iintsalela skeletal kwezinja zifunyenwe, leyo lubonise ukuba bakhule kwi siqithi.

Ngenxa yophando ezintsonkothileyo lufumanise ukuba abantu ababehlala kweso siqithi Zhokhova ebeyinalo iilwimi phambene. Beza umva ukusuka Urals kunye Western eSiberia. Okwangoku, ummandla East Siberian Arctic bafunda ubuncinane. Noko ke, ngaphaya umda umdla qhinga eRashiya yaye umdla omkhulu hayi kuphela tipolitiki kodwa yokwakheka komhlaba, zebhayoloji kunye nezinye izazinzulu.