Aleksandr Tvardovsky, "Vasily Terkin": uhlobo, isishwankathelo

Enye imisebenzi edume isincoko kuphela iincwadi ihlabathi ekhaya kodwa ke Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin". Phawu lo msebenzi - umbongo. Wayekuthanda ithandwa enkulu phakathi abafundi, yaye namhlanje kugqalwa umzekelo omhle womculo zomkhosi.

Malunga umbhali

Aleksandr Tvardovsky (1910-1971) wayevela kwintsapho elula kwilali yamahlwempu. Xa wayeneminyaka eli-elinesihlanu waqala ukubhala umbongo omfutshane kwiphephandaba lasekuhlaleni. Famous Imbongi M. Isakovsky ezivunyiweyo imibhalo bakhe waza waba mentor kwikamva lombhali odumileyo. Ngowe-1930 Twardowski wabhala imibongo aliqela kwaye ipapashe ingqokelela kwimibongo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba, nangona nentsapho yakhe nezihlobo amaxhoba ngexesha collectivization, uAleksandr Tvardovsky in eziliqela yemisebenzi yakhe zazibonisa kwezopolitiko pati dolophana kukukhanya esihle kakhulu. Ngaphambi kwemfazwe wayesebenza kwiphephandaba iLeningrad, nayo kumbongo wakhe wokuqala mfutshane encinane malunga kamva waduma Vasily Terkin kuqala. Xa umlo yaqala, imbongi waya ngaphambili, yaye yonke loo minyaka nemfazwe ngcembe wadala umsebenzi wakhe edumileyo, owakukhuphayo kuye udumo-Union.

indalo

Enye imisebenzi abadumileyo yemfazwe umxholo yi "Vasily Terkin". Uhlobo zezincoko yayifana ingcamango yombhali; ukudala ngokwenene iqhawe lesizwe, eya kuba eqondakalayo zifikeleleke kubo bonke. Ngoko wabhala isincoko bakhe umbongo, ukulwa, ijoni ezilula, ngubani sayihamba yonke imfazwe. Noko ke, nangona ukuba akukho nkcukacha, okubhaliweyo esinokwazi amadabi: kokurhoxa amajoni Soviet ekuqaleni kwemfazwe, imfazwe kwi iVolga, Dnieper. Izahluko zokuqala zapapashwa kwiphephandaba of the Western Front yaye ethandwa kakhulu phakathi readers.

iimpawu

Artwork Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin", uhlobo leyo, isimiso, isesikweni ukuba imbongi, nangona ukugxeka imingcele iqela liye uthandwa kangaka ngenxa yokuba umbhali wakhetha ukuba umlinganiswa yakhe loqobo alinjalo abameli umyalelo okanye ubunkokheli beqela kunye nomntu eziqhelekileyo umfanekiso yonke lijoni nomkhosi mhlawumbi ingafumana ngokwakhe. Terkin - yinto umfanekiso adibeneyo ngamajoni, hayi ngaphandle kwesizathu xa umbhali ntshikilelo typicality hero, nolwazi lwakhe.

Isincoko "Vasily Terkin", uhlobo leyo eye wavumela imbongi kulula kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuvakalisa iingcinga zabo ephepheni, abhalwe ngolwimi efikelelekayo. Twardowski intshukumisa ziqhube wabhala umsebenzi wakhe umbongo. Into yokuba olu hlobo busenza ukuba i mibala lyric-hambo, esibalisayo kakhulu kwifomu vesi. Kwaye igqalwa umsebenzi ibonwe ngokwenene ngomoya, ekubeni inyathela umoya mood wamajoni hayi kuphela yiSoviet Army, kodwa uhlanga lonke ngexesha lemfazwe.

mibala esizwe

Ozithandayo ababhali uhlobo ayikho ngengozi. Poem Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin" close ngolwimi lwabo, isandi kunye nomoya lwemveli, kunye, njengokuba sisazi, le fomu vesi ekuqaleni nje, kwaye kukho njenge iingoma intsomi enkulukazi, njengokuba uhlobo legend, ilivo nawuphi na umcimbi abacimi. Kwaye ke umbhali kufuneka ngokupheleleyo lo mgaqo: kubonakala ukuba ngabom uyala contrivances yoncwadi neelwimi kwaye ivakalisa ingcinga yakhe ilula kakhulu, ulwimi, efana oko ngexesha iingoma zamandulo mbongo ubhalwe. Le fomu wamvumela ukuba ukuboleka eninzi intetho yabantu. Poem Tvardovsky "Vasily Terkin" kufuneka isekelwe lwemveli zemveli. Luzele izicengcelezo, amazwi, izafobe, yaye ezinye iingxelo namazwi wonke umsebenzi, ke, waba phraseology, nto leyo ibonisa ukuba iqondo eliphezulu baduma hero.

ukwakheka

Lo mbongo "Vasily Terkin", umxholo apho ngokuyimfuneko enomfanekiso ubomi wamajoni, baba mfundi othandekayo kunjalo, kanye ngokuba umfanekiso omuhle kakhulu kwaye echukumisayo usizobela lemfazwe eqhelekileyo nzima. Le mveliso iqulathe izahluko mathathu, Intshayelelo yencwadi umbhali kunye UYobi; Noko ke, imbongi kanye ekuqaleni sicacisa ukuba incwadi yakhe ongenaye ekuqaleni okanye ekupheleni. Le mbono eqhubeka ijoliswe umxholo Infinity kwexesha, kwindlela ende yobomi nendlela yokufa. Inika ingqiqo ekhethekileyo bulumko imveliso, nto enyanzela umfundi ukuba bacinge malunga bayahlelwa yengxakeko jikelele, malunga ubunzima zemfazwe. Head of "Ukuwela 'banotyekelo ezaziwayo abagxeki ezininzi kunye nenxalenye ephambili engundoqo yomsebenzi wonke.

isiqulatho

sicatshulwa nganye luzinikele isiqephu ukusuka ubomi hero oyintanda. Kwaye ke umbhali akugxininisi umfanekiso yokusebenza yobuqhawe isimilo, phezu koko, ngokufuthi uyixhome kwindawo elula kumaxesha ezizolileyo, ngexesha shintsha, iimoto kunye njalo njalo. Umxholo wombongo "Vasily Terkin" - lo mfanekiso ukuphila ubomi obulula joni, leyo, phezu kwazo ububi bempi, andilahlekwanga nethemba nokholo eloyisweni. Nkqu meko zinzima, akazange amandla, yaye wamthanda kunye nomfundi.

Kwezona ndawo ibalulekileyo umsebenzi zezi zilandelayo: inkcazo feat Terkina ngexesha kwibhulorho, ekulweni kwakhe Ukufa, umfanekiso umlinganiswa phezu pass, isiqephu lo moya, babeka, sekhefu uTshawe kunye nejoni endala. Kwezi zinto, umbhali uzama ukubonisa ubuntu bakhe engile ezahlukeneyo: ngasinye kwezi zahluko, ivela kubafundi kwiimeko eziqaphelekayo badlula ezinjalo apho amawaka amajoni Soviet.

indaba

Apha Terkin ukudada bawela umlambo enomkhenkce ukugqithisa umyalezo ebalulekileyo malunga nendawo yotshaba kunye nezenzo amabutho Soviet. Umbhali ayithethi kakhulu ubuqhawe esi senzo, kwelinye icala, uchaza imeko ngendlela yokuba umfundi uyakuqonda ukuba ngendlela efanayo ukuba kwenziwe nayiphi na ijoni kuloo ndawo Terkina. E nkcukacha, njengoko, inyaniso, yonke kumbongo, weva ngokucacileyo ilizwi umbhali, ngubani, njengoko kunjalo ngokungabonakaliyo kwi ndawo echazwe, banike izimvo zabo, izimvo, kwenzeka ntoni, yaye esinika ukuchana amabali kunye nokunyaniseka.

Ngokubanzi, nomfuziselo esi sisililo somntu Twardowski thelekelwayo: yena ngamaxesha ongenela ingxoxo kunye ubuntu bakhe, ajike ngemibuzo ezahlukeneyo, ubonisa uvelwano wakhe okanye uyabathanda kubo. Kwisahluko "On ima" waziva sengqondo ingakumbi efudumeleyo imbongi ukuya hero yakhe. Umbhali libonisa Terkina kwindawo ziqhelekileyo liyabonakala lokuphumla amajoni, kunye ikhodiyani ezandleni zakhe. Mhlawumbi lo mfanekiso lomlinganiswa ngokukodwa uyakuthanda abafundi, njengoko imihla emva lweengcinga zemveli abalimi eziqhelekileyo nzima esebenza, ngubani ngesiquphe lokuphumla uyacula kwaye sidlala harmonica. Siyaqondakala isizathu sokuba enye amangcwaba Basil uchazwa nje accordionist.

umfanekiso

Kwisahluko kwi Terkina incoko kunye Isosha, kwakhona Twardowski ubonisa isimilo sakhe kwindawo elula, phakathi abalimi, leyo kusibuyisela kwakhona ngakumbi abantu abaqhelekileyo. Zombini amajoni sithetha ngayo imfazwe kunye nale ncoko noyifumana ulwimi olufanayo. Olu phawu olwahlula uTshawe, naphi na apho aya, ngoko nangoko ufumana ulwimi eqhelekileyo nabanye. Kakade ke, imbongi ayikwazanga ngoyaba nokulwa beqhawe: ukongeza isigigaba kwibhulorho abenazo, umzekelo, adubule phantsi iinqwelo-moya yotshaba. Eyona yindlela umbhali uchaze isiqephu lokugcina ukuba ndiza wadubula phantsi kanye Terkina, umfundi ufunda kuphela ekupheleni, xa umyalelo baqalisa ukukhangela liqhawe. Ngoko ke, lo mfanekiso Twardowski intsomi hero wadala Vasiliya Terkina okunene imele bonke abantu ebusweni bakhe.

nokuhlola

Folk enkulukazi kanjalo amkelwa jikelele. Kuye kakhulu ukunconywa Writers ezinjengezo Pasternak, fadeev, Bunin. Kubafundi e ezisisiseko zabo iileta umbhali wabuza ukuba uqhubeke. Kwaye ke ikomiti yokuhlolwa kuphela esilusizi Twardowski akazange abonise emsebenzini wakhe, indima Communist Party. Noko ke, umbhali naye wavuma ukuba derogations kuchaphazela yonke ingcamango komsebenzi, kwaye ngokunjalo kumngcipheko wakho waqhubeka ubhale indlela apho ndicinge ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ngokutsho Uphando lwakutshanje lo mbongo yaqukwa kwi imisebenzi eziphezulu kakhulu ukufunda yokujongana nemiba zomkhosi. Lo msebenzi yinxalenye yekharityhulam yesikolo kunye kube ezithandwayo ngemihla yethu.