Aleksandra Nevskogo Bridge - jika inde

Ngexesha excursions eSt Petersburg Izikhokelo Uhambo Sisoloko sisiva umbuzo ingaba elivulekayo iyeyona inde? Baya kwazi ukuba entendeni ephethe bridge Aleksandra Nevskogo. Ubude (ngaphandle kwezakhiwo elunxwemeni) 629 mitha kunye ezithambekileyo - phantse ngekhilomitha (905.7 m). Isakhiwo ububanzi ezimashumi mathathu anantlanu eemitha. Kuphela yakhiwa ngo-1965, nangona wakwazi ukuma embundwini kwenkulungwane: ulwakhiwo phesheya Neva River, phakathi iindlela Zaleski kunye Nevsky, ngaphandle kokuba isicwangciso ngokubanzi yesixeko lisekhona kude revolution amaxesha (1917).

Ngokuqeshwa ukhuphiswano

Ukudibanisa kodonga lasekunene umzi iziko, Aleksandra Nevskogo Bridge igqibe kwisitrato esikhulu of St. Petersburg. Kucingwa ukuba apha uphela uPetros ubudala, uhamba abakhweli imihla nabahambi ngeenyawo kwisithili wembali Small Ohta, apho kukho "stalinka" (indlu yakhiwa kwisithuba ukususela 1930 ukuya 1950), ukwakhiwa awayedla 1960.

indlela ngqo kunye mfutshane ukusuka ngentsimbi kunye eziphathekayo wazisa ohtintsev (kunye nabantu elikhulu kwindawo ezingqongileyo) ukuya kwinqanaba ngokomgangatho entsha yokuba. Le eziluncedo ziquka inyaniso yokuba umgca badlula Nevsky, "isondezwe kufutshane kunye", ekugqibeleni, M. Ohta kunye Vasilevsky Island.

Imbali ukwakhiwa ibhulorho kufutshane Aleksandra Nevskogo Square kunye ubukho bayo phambili epheleleyo ezintsonkothileyo, amaxesha ngamanye amaxesha kakhulu.

Ngowe-1960 Lengorispolkom wabhengeza ukhuphiswano for the best isicwangciso ezizihambelayo phezu mfula engundoqo uPetros. Engaqhelekanga elo xesha mcimbi umlinganiswa evaliweyo (ngenene ityala nanto ngemihla uqoqosho izicwangciso). In ukhuphiswano ukuze ekudalweni iiprojekthi zobugcisa bokuhombisa baya iLeningrad kunye eMoscow imibutho inxaxheba ekuyilweni kwo.

Kuluhlu iingcamango banelungelo inxaxheba Institute for Designing lwezindlu kunye zokwakha yoluntu "Lenproekt" isebe iLeningrad ye-USSR Asia (Academy of Civil Engineering kunye Architecture).

ukuthatha ingqalelo zonke iinkcukacha We

Kaloku, bakulityhutyha ilizwe ezininzi iintsuku uxinzelelo nokungalali ebusuku, iingcali wobonakala ihlabathi ukuba oko bebona Aleksandra Nevskogo Bridge. ejaji olungqongqo wagqiba ekubeni ibhaso ibhaso lokuqala, ucinga ukuze ndingahlelwa nanye yezo projekthi lingenako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno eziyimfuneko. Ibhaso lesibini waya eyongeziweyo lobeko, ephuhliswe yi-Institute "Lengiprotransmost". Of ubunzima elipheleleyo ezichongiweyo kunye nesicwangciso lesebe iLeningrad waseUSSR Asia, kodwa "Landela Up" buchopho uphawu anamkelanga.

imisebenzi Project kunye nemizobo zokusebenza inxaxheba "Lengiprotransmost". Ngokutsho izicwangciso Gromada kwakha kwisakhiwo multilevel of iibhulorho, amatonela, iindlela, ukusasaza ngokucacileyo kubungakanani bezithuthi kwixa elizayo. Ukukhuthazana ngasekunene nangasekhohlo kweenxweme Neva ngocoselelo ubucinga.

Ababhali kwanyanzeleka ukuba basebenze phakathi ezithambekileyo ibhulorho isithuba: iigaraji zokupaka ezicwangciselwe iimoto 230. Kodwa oku umdla Aleksandra Nevskogo Bridge. Zikagesi! Oko njengomothuko iliso kunye ekucingeni. Diptera span kwaqinisa umlambo eziphathekayo caba eyinzwana ufana intaka omkhulu. Noko ke, bonke aba bantu babona kamva, yaye ngoko, bakuba walungiselela ukwakhiwa kakuhle, beqonga sele uqalile.

Ihlabathi, njengokuba sisazi, akukho kuvumelana

Kwaye ngoko oko kuza ngesiquphe lwembonakalo 1965 xa wenyuka waya phezu Bridge Neva Aleksandra Nevskogo kwi zaphetha ezisixhenxe. I-axis wolingano-macala - icandelo iziko ezinokususwa (ubude bayo kweemitha ezingama-50). Njengoko izicwangciso, i "isango 'ukuba iimpahla kunye axis elimisiweyo ujikelezo zifumaneka kanye embindini lomlambo. Iye yacaca ukuba ubude ujingi isekelwe phezu iibheringi elikhulu ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye.

Abantu abaninzi babecinga ukuba 'ujingi' omkhulu we ibhulorho ophazamisa imbono evumelanayo sakhiwo. Awona macandelo aphambili - ubukhulu, umbala, indlela izinto apho yakhiwa, ngaba "babephikisana" kunye iziqalelo elifanayo kwindoda ezisisigxina, zigqunyiwe akukho ngokusika balomeleza imiqadi eziphathekayo babengabafo bume. Kodwa ngokuvumelana - kakuhle, kwaye nokuthembeka - ngcono.

Njengoko ngokuba izinyeliso ibhulorho, lampposts (aka nokuhamba ebhasini elektroopory), izakhiwo ekuxhaseni ukulungisa iingcinga kumise uthungelwano zoqhagamshelwano, zonke ezi zinto zakhiwe ngendlela elula, style mihla ngokugqibeleleyo zincedisana ezibonakala ngayo 'neziye "ngoku yimbali.

Kwaye namhlanje, abanye ingqalelo ulwakhiwo lwe-mkhulu, abanye bakufumanisa nto ezizodwa, ngaphandle kokuba hooter iiyure rush. Ingaba wedwa evela bridge Aleksandra Nevskogo na ukumelana kubungakanani bezithuthi mihla?

Ekhwele phezu - "bonisa" ye kwebhulorho (uphuhliso udidi ravnovysotnyh). Yenzelwe ukuba ukuhlangabezana kuyilo ukulingana enkulu izakhiwo iinxalenye (imiqadi eziphambili, iintsika) khangela kakhulu inyathela. Baye bakubona amandla ka May 15, 1965 (ibhulorho umhlambi matanki column).

ixesha hlola

Celebration kumsitho yokuvulwa ibhulorho, ukufumana igama umxhasi ongcwele umzi - umphathi Russian Aleksandra Nevskogo, wathabatha indawo nge-5 Novemba. Xa kwakukho isakhiwo, into ekuthiwa Staro-Nevsky. Phakathi ubugcisa obutsha linokusetyenziswa ucele ngakumbi isekela iqokobhe eziphathekayo, kungcwatywa ubunzulu leemitha-35, nokusetyenziswa benza (intambo zokulawula iiseyile), amaphaphu apho sixhomekeke izixhobo ubushushu umoya ilawulwe, ukwakhiwa kwiindibanisela V ezimile-.

Nangona kunjalo, ubugcisa phambili musani ukuba ikhulu ekhulwini isiqinisekiso yomgangatho. Zingangenwa ezineglasi ixutywe ekusasazweni kwi umbandela ngexesha ekuthiwa yebhitumene; guys bawuphatha ioli shaka ngumhlwa; iintambo zentsimbi wavuleka (eqwengiweyo kwiminyaka emibini iziqwenga 56).

Ngaphezu koko ngo-1987 bawela umlambo ngokuchasiweyo kubude draw (anobunzima-17!). Ibhulorho yavalwa ukulungiswa. Sibonelela okwethutyana wokuweza. Kungekudala isindululo engundoqo saqalwa kodwa yaba luloyiso Pyrrhic. Iziphene ezisongela isidima bhulorho, hayi alunakupheliswa.

umsebenzi omkhulu ukuphelisa kakuhle, iziqalelo zoyilo ezikrazukileyo nawezonakeleyo, ukubuyiselwa nokutshintshwa ukwenzela ukuphucula ukusebenza kwebhulorho kuqhutyelwa leminyaka elitsha (2000-2002). Kwachithwa zokubuyisela draw ngangokolulwa kweminwe, inxalenye umile ye kwibhulorho, iindonga eweni, kufutshane isakhiwo, indawo amanzi kunye neekhilomitha ezilishumi ngeentsontelo ngentsimbi.

Ukususela ngo-2003, "irekhodi ukuba ubude 'ezihonjiswe ilayithi art. Liphethe izibane ezimakhulu mahlanu, iiyunithi ezisibhozo nezipili kunye reflectors (spotlight). Nale Ukukhanyisa omlingo le iibhulorho Aleksandra Nevskogo - ibali surreal.