Imisipha senhliziyo - iimpawu yokwakheka kunye nokomzimba

Le umsipha inika imisebenzi ebalulekileyo kuzo zonke izicwili, iiseli kunye namaziko. Transport kwezinto emzimbeni yenziwa ngokusebenzisa nokuhamba kwegazi rhoqo; Inikeza nokugcina homeostasis.

Ubume imisipha yenhliziyo

Intliziyo imelwe iziqingatha ezibini - asekhohlo nasekunene, ngamnye equka imithambo kunye ventricles. Icala lasekhohlo intliziyo iimpompo lo igazi esimbaxa, kunye nelungelo - lwemithambo. Ngoko ke, imisipha intliziyo kwisiqingatha lasekhohlo liyajiya kakhulu ngasekunene. Izihlunu imithambo kunye ventricles zihlukaniswe ngamakhonkco ezinezikhondo kulo kwezivalo atrioventricular:-yokusonga ezimbini (isiqingatha ekhohlo intliziyo) kunye tricuspid (Icala lasekunene intliziyo). Le valve ngexesha ucutheko kwentliziyo ukuthintela ukubuya igazi imithambo. Xa uphume aorta kunye pulmonary zibekwe emva kweeveki ezimbini izivingco, nto leyo ethintela ukubuya igazi ventricles ngexesha ngentliziyo diastole iyonke.

umsipha wentliziyo bobabo striated inyama kwezihlunu. Ngoko ke, lo isihlunu na iimpawu efanayo naleyo izihlunu skeletal. Muscle ifayibha ibandakanya sarcolemma myofibrillar kunye sarcoplasmic.

Ngenxa entliziyweni ukuhambisa igazi emithanjeni yegazi. Ucutheko zesingqisho izihlunu imithambo kunye ventricles utshintsha (systole) kunye nokuphumla yayo (diastole). utshintsho ezilandelelana ngayo systole kunye diastole umjikelo kwentliziyo. Le umsipha isebenza ngesingqi, ukuba kubonelelwe yi-nkqubo, nokuqhuba ukuphazamiseka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo intliziyo

Iimpawu komzimba le umsipha

Le excitability le myocardium - kukuba layo ukuba asabele kwizinto zombane, oomatshini, thermal kunye imichiza. Le excitation kunye yindibanisela imisipha yenhliziyo kwenzeka xa isivuseleli ufikelela amandla zisembundwini wawo. angaphantsi ukuluma embundwini asiphumeleli kwaye musa ukutshintsha amandla suprathreshold of nokuncipha engabalulekanga.

Excitation ye inwebu yesihlunu kwentliziyo sikhatshwe imbonakalo ngenyathelo isakhono. Yayinqamlela kwaye elide kwi ophilisayo izinga inhliziyo deceleration.

Yimincili imisipha yenhliziyo uphelelwa ngokufutshane ukukwazi layo ukuphendula zizinto ezongezelelweyo okanye eyenza evela umthombo ukuzenzekela. Oku kuthiwa eliyinjubaqa non-abawonwabeleyo. nokushukunyiswa Strong abasebenza kwi esihlunwini kwisithuba refractoriness isihlobo anokudala ucutheko engaqhelekanga wentliziyo - xa ibetha ekuthiwa-kwexesha.

Engabalulekanga inemisebenzi xa kuthelekiswa ne inwebu yesihlunu skeletal. Le excitation nokuncipha kwi kwemisipha kwentliziyo ixesha elide kunokuba skeletal. Xa kwemisipha wentliziyo iinkqubo aerobic kuphumelela resynthesis sisityebi iikhompawundi. Ngexesha diastole, kukho utshintsho oluzenzekelayo okunamandla inwebu kwizisele eziliqela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo wesiza. Ngenxa yoko imincili kwaqhenqetha izihlunu imithambo kwaye ifikelela esiludumbo atrioventricular, egqalwa embindini ukuzenzekela order II. Ukuba node off sinoatrial (ligated, ukupholisa, iityhefu), ngoko emva kwethutyana ventricles baqale bangosulelwa nesingqisho more phantsi kwempembelelo neemvakalelo evela kwi esiludumbo atrioventricular.

Uhanjiso of excitation kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwentliziyo ukungalingani. Sifanele bathi izilwanyana ezinegazi elishushu izinga excitation Imisonto izihlunu atrial imalunga 1.0 m / s; inkqubo ventricular conductive ku 4.2 m / s; kwi myocardium ventricular ukuya 0.9 m / s.

A phawu uphawu le excitation kwemisipha intliziyo kukuba amathuba isenzo yabangela kwenye inxalenye esiqwini kwezihlunu, yandele kwamanye amaziko.