Aleksin Anatoliy Georgievich, "Ngelo xesha, kwindawo ethile ...": isishwankathelo abalinganiswa abaphambili, ingxaki

Le wesithathu ngo-Agasti 1924 e Moscow, wazalwa umbhali omhle, ingakumbi wayemthanda ngabantwana readers elivisayo. Noko ke, idrama, nobuntatheli, nto leyo nayo ukwenza A. G. Aleksin, kwakungekho okubi ngaphezu iprozi yakhe. Isizukulwana esitsha eSoviet Union, yaye ngoku, kule ocalu-eSoviet, isekhona unomdla iincwadi eAnatolia Alexina. Ngemiba ephakanyiswe imisebenzi yakhe ngonaphakade. Khona apho kuya kubakho ngayo ibali, omnye abaninzi umgangatho ofanayo entle, - "Ngelo xesha, kwindawo ethile ...". Kwakhona Isishwankathelo Executive ziza kuboniswa. Le ncwadi, eyahlelwa elilandelayo kweli bali lokuqala kanye njengoko umdla yaye odumileyo "mzalwana wam odlala ऑप्टीमायझर isilungiseleli", "Characters kunye ngabadlali," "nomntwana emva", "Ibali eyoyikisayo", "Le mini phambi izolo, kwaye imini emva ngomso", kunye nabanye.

ngombhali

AG Aleksin - elabo ebomini bakhe ke Anatoliem Georgievichem Gobermanom. Ngoko ngesisa obutsha na ubomi obungunaphakade uthando alinikwa bonke. Anatoly Aleksin abanamava ngakumbi, awavakalelwa waza wacinga ebuntwaneni bam, yiloo nto awayedla noluqondakalayo ingcamango kukuba ubudala. Uyise, George Rakhmanov, owenza Oktobha Revolution kwaye wayesilwa intatheli Civil, wabanjwa ngowe-1937, kodwa ke unina umbhali zihleli kuphela krelekrele, nesibindi nobulungisa, kodwa kulungile kunene.

Phantse zonke Heroine ombambazelayo Alexina baxhotyiswa iinguqu ezingephi inkangeleko, imikhwa, amazwi, ezibe uphawu unina - Mary Mikhailovna. Oku kubonakala kweli bali "Okwangoku, kwindawo ethile ...", isishwankathelo guilabel umgangatho umlinganiswa ophambili - Niny Georgievny. Kwaye oku, Kakade ke, ububele. Njengoko yesikolo, Anatoly Aleksin ezininzi ezipapashwa ( "Pioneer" iphephancwadi, iphephandaba "inyaniso Pioneer", nengqokelela 'ibhokisi yokhangelo "). Beza imfazwe, yaye umbhali kwafuneka akhule ngokukhawuleza.

indalo

Asuswa ikomkhulu Urals, Aleksin esele elinesithandathu waba abasebenzi yokuqala zoncwadi wephephandaba ngemihla "Defense Castle", yaye emva kwexesha elifutshane - unobhala yesigqeba umzimba isakhiwa aluminium omkhulu. Ukongeza iphephandaba enkulu-ukujikeleza, kunye namashishini tekuchkoj zemihla ngemihla crazy, umbhali wayesebenza umsebenzi wakhe ikusasa laso. "Khumbula le ubuso", "Ivashov," "Xa ngasemva ngasemva" kunye nezinye amabali kunye neenoveli ziqulathe nobutyebi impahla ngokuphila kwakhe. Ngowe-1947, umbhali inxaxheba Yokuqala Yonke-Union inkomfa ngababhali abatsha.

Ngowe-1951 waphumelela odumileyo Institute of Oriental Studies eMoscow kwaye bavelisa incwadi yokuqala enkulu. UKonstantin Paustovsky, kakhulu italente nentliziyo kakuhle umbhali oselula Alexina, waba umhleli yayo yokuqala. Eli bali enkulu ebizwa "ezingamashumi amathathu ananye imini okanye blog nguvulindlela Sasha Vasilkov." Ngesandla ukukhanya incwadi Paustovskogo kwaduma futhi umbhali wayo - omnye wababhali athandwa kakhulu kweli lizwe lobuntwana bakhe kunye nolutsha. Ngaphambi 1966, Aleksin ukubhala abantwana, yaye wakwenza ngayo ngokugqibeleleyo. Ngubani ndingabanga esemaphepheni "Kweli lizwe zekhefu obungunaphakade '? inoveli yakhe "Sasha and shura", "kohl uthi ole", "Extraordinary Adventures Seva Kotlova" ebefundwe ilayibrari ngokoqobo imigodi. Kodwa ke umbhali wacinga iingxaki zemfundo yolutsha. Yaye kungekudala ezi zimvo zaye eziqulathwe kule migca bali "Ngelo xesha, kwindawo ethile ...". Ushwankathe- sele ubonisa njani le ngxaki ephakanyiswe yi umbhali waba ngaphezulu kwaye kakhulu.

isigaba entsha

Aphuma kwisiqingatha sesibini 60s kunye 70s nemidlalo kwinkulungwane yokugqibela, iinoveli, amabali amafutshane, wenza i Alexina readers adumileyo kunye abadala bume. Apha, okokuqala zonke bali wadlala indima: "Yinto ibali eyoyikekayo", "Fowuna nize", "yesithathu kumqolo yesihlanu," "mzalwana wam odlala ऑप्टीमायझर isilungiseleli," "Mad Evdokia 'yaye, ke," Ngelo xesha, ethile ngoko ... ". Isishwankathelo eli bali ziza kuchazwa ngezantsi. Trilogy "Ngelo ngasemva, ngasemva," umbhali wenza ubungqina everyday phantse unnoticeable ukusuka kumgca ngaphambili, kodwa feat wesizwe esikhulu IMfazwe Enkulu. "Ukusilela Entliziyweni" yaye "Balani Estate" ubonisa kakuhle umgangatho ophezulu umntu yiSoviet kwiimeko ezininzi eziqhelekileyo indlu.

Le yee- beza abafundi kwinoveli entsha Anatoliya Aleksina: "iBhodi Ekhaya", "umtshakazi xa Diary", "signalmen kunye buglers," "Healthy kunye nabagulayo", "Ndicela uxolo, Mama," "Toy" kunye nabanye abaninzi, uhlala ngehlombe nge enkulu uthando ndakala umfundi. Ngelo xesha linye inoveli ngu Fadeeva Aleksinym ukudlala "I Kulumkele Young" yabhalwa screenplays eziliqela kunye neminye imisebenzi emininzi kummandla idrama, ezifana: ". Idilesi" "Makhe siye movie," "yeshumi,"

"Yintoni" yaye "Indlela"

Umbhali uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuchazwa ndlebe ekuqondeni umahluko zeencwadi kubantu abatsha kunye neencwadi zabantwana. ibaluleke kakhulu Abantwana - njengokuba kubhaliwe kwathiwa, bakholisa ukuba bazive umfanekiso eqaqambileyo, ubuhle kolwimi, kukucaca isimbo, loo nto xa bebona oko umbhali mveliso aweyefuna ukuyithetha. Kunye nabantu abadala aqonde uncwadi ngqo ngenxa yeengxaki Ukwacinga okwangoku abadala, kodwa hayi abantwana. Yonke imisebenzi Alexina ezahlukeneyo ndikho kunye nokufaneleka (zalena ngonaphakade!) Iingxaki, imiba yokuziphatha. Master elithi Aleksin wasinika ezininzi aphorisms yekhethelo, kulula kakhulu ukufumana indlela elungileyo ebomini. Ngokuhle kufuneka mandikhawulezise, ngoko ke yena wasala ngaphandle kuyo. Abantwana bakhalela, hayi kuphela edolweni ezaphukileyo, kodwa xa buhlungu enye. Akukho ndlela ukuhlakanipha kwimfundo izivamvo.

Apha kwaye inani elikhulu kwezinye imigca leyo kakhulu ilizwi eqinileyo, umbhali wakwazi ukuba utyalo ezona inkcazelo ngoncedo nobuciko kwinani kakhulu amancinane iileta. Kuko konke oku i gram enye didacticism ezomileyo Alexina na. Kukho rhoqo indibanisela idrama kunye inixabanise le lyricism ingundoqo zomculo kunye uburharha, kwaye ubume isekelwe phezu kwale mithetho-siseko esiqinisekisiweyo le mibala kwiinkulungwane umqulu okanye imixholo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Akukho phinda okuvelayo, nangona kaninzi basebenzisa indlela efanayo yokwakha, liphuma ingxaki efanayo. "Ngelo xesha, kwindawo ethile ..." - ibali, lidibana ngokupheleleyo ezi zidingo. Ngu volume nto incinane, kodwa ulwazi kwakhona - kakhulu, ukuphakama yokuziphatha le mveliso akuyi kuwushiya nabani akanankathalo.

ngoku

Umbhali Anatoly Aleksin wayengaziwa kuphela eRashiya lalisakuba yiSoviet Union. Iinoveli nemidlalo ziye zaguqulelwa inani elikhulu ngeelwimi, kuquka Bengali, Persian kunye Hindi. Alexina ngokuzithandela ishicilelwe eNgilani, Italy, eFransi, eSpeyin, kakhulu kunene ngathi eJapan. Kuyo yonke eAnatolia Alexina emana intliziyo yakhe elungileyo. Awukho ku umbhali engento - eliphumeleleyo iimbasa hayi kuphela Soviet, kodwa ngamazwe, kuqukwa Hans Christian Andersen. Abantu abaninzi bakhumbula telecast apho Aleksin abekuhambisa - "Imibono Friends". Kananjalo wasebenza kwi Union le Writers ', phezu umhleli ebhodini lo lindixesha "loLutsha", kwiKomiti Peace. Ukususela ngo-1982, Aleksin - ingcali yenzululwazi, utitshala, oluhambelana iLungu USSR APN.

Yaye ngowe-1993, wayishiya lizwe, ohlala kwaSirayeli, uthi ngokupheleleyo "abadala" iincwadi. Zombini i eziphathekayo icandelo isifundo kutshintshwe kakhulu. Ngowe-1994 wapapasha "Le Saga Pevzner" - yokoyika, ubuntu anti-kwamaJuda, Fascism, ukuba izilima, kulo mzekelo, loo nto ithathwa omnye umzekelo yosapho. Kwiminyaka emithathu kamva ndabona ukukhanya Roman Aleksina "isono ofayo" kwaye kwimbali yobomi "Ivula kule minyaka." Kula maphepha, ezifana ezomisiweyo themba nengenakubalekwa lombhali, ukholo kwixesha elizayo yoluntu, ukuzithemba kwixesha elizayo, nto leyo usoloko bazalisa ubuchule babo Anatoly Aleksin.

"Ngelo xesha, ethile ..."

Ngokuba lixesha abafundi yokuqala eli bali ezifumaneka ngoDisemba kwijenali "Youth" ngo-1966. Emva koko, lo msebenzi Anatoly Alexina sele iprintwe njengenxalenye iingqokelela ezahlukeneyo, anthologies. Olu hlelo ka 1975, 1977, 1982, 1990, 2000 (kuphela umvakalisi enkulu lwenqila, abangama-Ukugaywa kwakungaphezu).

Kulo msebenzi kubantu abatsha nabadala ityhila ihlabathi yobutsha, apho abo baphambili ubonise inkalipho xa sineengxaki, ukuba nizele nazaliswa kukulunga, umnqwazi, alungela idabi. Uhlobo kakhulu edibene uburharha okulungileyo ombambazelayo kakhulu - isici esasenza "Ngelo xesha, kwindawo ethile ...". ibali Feature kunceda ukuze achaze abadala abaninzi kunye nemiba amaninzi kakhulu ebomini, ukusombulula imiba enzima efana ukhetho olufanelekileyo, ukuqonda wena nabantu, womelele, oqolileyo kunye ngokubanzi umntu olungileyo ehlabathini.

aku-

Sergey Emelyanov kweli bali ayikho enye. Eli ligama kwaye ifani ke uyise nonyana, kuba ngeenxa lo mdlalo nokwakha isakhiwo sebali ukuvumelana. Usapho ngengqiqo ngokupheleleyo ilizwi - umfuziselo. Sergey Emelyanov abaphezulu - umzekelo obalaseleyo ukulandela, kunye noyise, abangakwaziyo asilele ukuba neqhayiya. Kunye nomfazi wayo - unina Sergei Emelyanov abaselula - yena athathe inxaxheba kwezemidlalo, kuyifundisa-IsiNgesi, kukhuthaza indlela yokuphila esempilweni.

Kwaye ngaphandle, ke kunye ngokuqulunqa izityalo, oko kukuthi ukwenza lizwe nto iluncedo. Ke okona kubalulekileyo, Emelyanovo usapho - entle kakhulu kwaye abantu abafezekileyo ayikokubambana ngendlela. Esemsebenzini, ngokufuthi ukuchitha ixesha kwi uhambo olude, ukuba babhale iileta unyana wakhe - ngqo, oluchanekileyo, wabulawa kakuhle, umhla kunye nexesha lokubhala. Nyana ukushiya ikhaya ukufunda, ntsasa zonke ufumana ukusuka yeposi umyalezo olandelayo. Kodwa kanye kwakukho imiyalezo ezimbini.

incwadi

Kwisiqwenga bali - ileta evela ibhinqa engaziwayo wathetha Sergei Yemelyanov, nguye omncinci Sergei ndingabi sumnyashesya wavula uze ufunde, ngonaphakade wajika iphepha ubomi bakhe bangaphambili. ebuntwaneni esezweni wayephethe. subtle Too utshintsho ngokweemvakalelo ezithe zenzeka kunye uTshawe, kuye kube nzima ukuqonda ukuba abantwana esakhula. Eli bali ngokucacileyo abantu abadala kubhaliweyo. Nkqu ababhali yintlonti gentle lentsapho Obraztsova baphambili sele zibhalwe ukuba ulutsha ngaphezu kulutsha kunye maximalism yayo gca. ubudlelwane Perfect ngobuqhophololo abazali nkqu uhlobo 'embi kancinane ", kodwa nesimo sengqondo serene malunga abadala Yemelyanov Tiffany - konke oku kubonakala phambi kokuba inkwenkwe ehlabathini ukufunda le ncwadi ayikho ecacileyo nelula, njengoko wabona ubomi bakhe bonke.

Childhood yaphela isigidimi ekrakra yenkazana ongaziwayo, watshintsha ubomi, iimbono, baqala abantu abadala elibukhali. Le ncwadi "Okwangoku, kwindawo ethile ..." ubonisa abantu abaselula namhlanje nendlela enkulu imfuneko ububele, ukuba novakalelo, ububele - ezi mpawu abangabantu ngokwenene siphelelwe ixabiso. Asingabo bonke abantu bayakwazi ukuba okulungileyo - loo nto isifundo esinye ngaphezulu ukuba Sergei Emelyanov ufumana kumaphepha ibali. Le nto iye ubeke phambili Anatoly Aleksin. "Ngelo xesha, kwindawo ethile ..." - paper litmus, nto leyo nanamhlanje unokusithintela iimpawu zobuqu. It is a Kulusizi ukuba ikharityhulam yesikolo mihla kwi ubuchule Russian eAnatolia Alexina iphelile. Ibali lakhe - isifundo yokuziphatha olukhulu, oluya kuthi kusoloko ukuba nje "ngathi" - yaye kwiminyaka mahlanu, naphezu amabini anamashumi mahlanu. Phofu ke, namhlanje - nje nangoku ngathi.

omnye umfazi

Ukuba ufuna ukukhusela umntu, musa cela imvume ... ngoko postulates ezincinane wagcwala yonke laphu wesicatshulwa. Yintoni le leta, awazibhukuqayo bonke ubomi endala Yemelyanov abancinane? Kubonakala ukuba uyise Engumzekelo kude kuye bekungasoloko kunjalo. Yena waye wagula kakhulu emva kokuba kwalimala ngaphambili, washiya noNina G., ugqirha esibhedlele, waza waphathwa. Yaba yena lowo undithumileyo, bayingenisa umsele yokuphila esempilweni: ukuphuthelwa eyoyikekayo, ukuxhuzula, ukungabi namdla kunye nezinye iziphumo ezininzi ukwenzakala zingaphunyezwa kuphela imisebenzi korhulumente kunye zemidlalo engqongqo. Xa Yemelyanov umdala wamphatha wakhe wathandana nomnye, washiya Nina Georgievna enye. Kodwa lencwadi nto ngaloo nto.

Ubhala ukuba yonke into ilula, kodwa ngoku yena kubi kakhulu kwaye kube ngokwenene elindele uncedo. Ukuba kubi kakhulu kunokuba kwakunjalo ngoko, emva kokushiya Yemelyanov abaphezulu. Ngenxa yokuba eli xesha ilahleko ayikho indoda yakhe, kodwa unyana. Shura - umntwana ongengowakho lowo yena wamvusa, ngesiquphe wafumana nabazali bethu. Kwaye ngoku sele mdala, wabaleka njengomntwana, cwaka sipakisha silungise- kwaye ngaphandle uthi bhayi. Ngoko nangoko UNina G. ubhala ukuba ziyalandeleka. Sergei Jr. ugqiba ukuba eze naye kuba abazali kusekho kuhambo ishishini. Apha abantu ukuhlalisana ngoxolo, yiya esikolweni okanye emsebenzini, ukuhamba, adle, musa ukrokrela nto, yaye elingumthombo, kwindawo ethile ... olufutshane iphambili ibali ngaphandle tye encinane, kodwa ungaguquki ekuziphatheni kwakhe abonisa njani kwintlekele ngabandayo kwabanye.

Kungani ukunyaniseka

Emelyanov, Jr. kwimizuzu yokuqala yentlanganiso, Nina Georgievna wajonga kunye ukungamthembi nkqu nomona, kodwa bakholwa ngokukhawuleza, wayiva intlungu yabanye, babelane ukufudumala umphefumlo wakhe. Ukundwendwela naye, inkwenkwe wazibandakanya lo mfazi, kakade, loo nto iye kuba ziindleko ezinkulu kakhulu. Baba ngabahlobo. Wokulahlekelwa malunga Niny Georgievny ezele positives. Ewe, kwaye Sergei yaba ezahlukeneyo ngokucacileyo: omdala, unoxanduva, unako ukunika uvuyo.

Anatoly Aleksin igqibe ibali Sergei Emelyanov Jr. ufumana itikiti elwandle, apho abazali baye wagqiba ukumkhuthaza. Kangangexesha elide esenza izicwangciso - yonke ebusika, yonke imihla yabo eseleyo Bacinge. Kodwa ngoko kwafika enye ileta evela Niny Georgievny. Ebengayazi into ayefuna Sergei, yaye ngenxa yoko bashiya iholide yakhe, nje ukumbona. Iphupha yolwandle baqala ukuncipha anyibilike tye phambi kwamehlo ethu. Sergei ayikwazi ukuvumela Nina G. kwakhona waziva ilahleko enjalo, njengoko baye abo emibini edlulileyo. Yaye isibakala sokuba wamxelela kangangoko ukuba ingabi ngaphezu ilahleko indlela odlulileyo, yena wayesazi ukuba uqinisekise. ulwandle sergey akayi kuhamba, musa kundingcatsha. Yena uthembekile kwaye zichanekile, onesidima kunye ephendulayo, nangomphefumlo enkulu intliziyo uhlobo.