Amanqanaba ulwazi lwenzululwazi kunye ezithile zabo

ulwazi lwezenzululwazi, njengaye nawuphi na ingqiqo yentanda, kukho isakhiwo entsonkothileyo kakhulu. Oku yindlela ephelele, kodwa kuphuhliso rhoqo, inkqubo. Phakathi sezulu, kukho nolwalamano olusondeleyo, kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu.

iindlela ezisisiseko ulwazi lwenzululwazi kunye namanqanaba zigqitywa izinto ezimbini: ngokwamava ithiyori kwaye usebenzisa imigqaliselo kunye amalinge, kunye yeengcinga, imithetho kunye neengcamango. Kukho imiphakamo metatheoretical ulwazi lwenzululwazi-bulumko, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba isimo sengqondo bulumko yophando kwaye zizakuxhomekeka indlela yokucinga ukuba sisazinzulu.

Amanqanaba uphathe ngokwesayensi ulwazi bulumko aqala enokwehla. Kwindawo yokuqala kweli nqanaba lolwazi na umbandela elibhalisileyo olufundwa ngokupheleleyo zihlalutywe, phezu kwesi siseko wenza systematization kunye gabalala kweziphumo. Lo mgangatho isebenza iindlela sensory kunye into phantsi isifundo eboniswe, ngaphezu koko, wabonakala yangaphandle, ezifumaneka Eyokuqiqa. Iimpawu yenqanaba reseach kukuba ukuqokelela izibakala, iinkcazelo, odolwa kunye nokudityaniswa data ngohlobo yokuhlela.

Amanqanaba ulwazi lwenzululwazi, leyo akuboni ukuba iindlela enokwehla, kunceda nokuphuhlisa kufundwa ngokuthelekisa into, yokulinganisa, ukubeka iliso, ukudala iimeko ukuze ukucikideka nokuhlalutya yonke ingcaciso ayifumene. Noko ke, siyazi ukuba amava ngaphandle ingcamango akunakwenzeka. Ukungabikho izinto olwamkelweyo ngamanye amaxesha kukhokelela abaxhasi kwinqanaba ngamava ulwazi lwenzululwazi ukuya engenangqondo ukuyichaza.

Ngoko ke, ungakwazi ayisekho iindlela kunye namanqanaba ulwazi lwenzululwazi ngaphandle nganye indlela enye, kwakunye nemiqathango usoloko ilawula yokulinga, njengoko isekelwe rationalism. ulwazi senkolelo yenza izigqibo zayo ezisekelwe le ngxaki yokusetyenziswa vangama ngeenxa zonke, kuquka uqhagamshelwano lwangaphakathi kunye iipateni, kwakunye izikhombisi bangaphandle, okubangelwa empirically. ulwazi lwezenzululwazi kulo mzekelo ngokusebenzisa iingqiqo nemithetho okufanayo imigaqo, njl kwaye ufumane injongo kunye ngqo, ngakumbi olunzulu ulwazi. Nobuchule nomda, ukudala iimeko ezifanelekileyo nezakhiwo ngengqondo, uhlahlelo kunye kuyondelelaniswe, yoqheliso ebanjwayo kunye ukwenza ulwazi ejoliswe ekufezekiseni le inyaniso injongo ekhoyo ngokuzimeleyo imisebenzi zesifundo abazi.

Ngaloo ndlela, sinokugqiba ukuba amanqanaba ngokwamava yeengcingane ulwazi zobunzululwazi ndilibalule ifilosofi kunokuba enemiqathango, ukusukela intsingiselo ayikho ngaphandle komnye. Umda phakathi kwabo yeselula kakhulu. indlela olwenziwe kucaba indlela ulwazi ezinokuntsonkotha ngakumbi yeengcingane, usukelo nokukhuthaza amanyathelo ezintsonkothileyo. Kwaye njalo, ulwazi lwezenzululwazi kubonakala ukuba kwinqanaba elinye eliya kalula ukuya kwenye, nto leyo impembelelo ezintle izinto ezifunyaniswe zizazinzulu ezintsha.

Ukuqwalasela inqanaba ulwazi lwenzululwazi, akunakuthethwa malunga meta-theoretical component ulwazi. Kwakhona abazahluli ukusuka kumanqanaba ezimbini ezidlulileyo ulwazi, njengoko uphando ichazwe orientation ixabiso. inqanaba Metatheoretical yolwazi kufuna ukuba ulwazi olufunyenwe bubungqina ebuyiselwayo esekwe kwizibalo okanye sethiyori kubekho ukugwetyelwa, wacacisa, kuchaziwe, kwaye zenzelwe ukukhuthaza umbutho oluchanekileyo ulwazi, kwaye ukudala chaos kunye musa iyaphikisana. Kubalulekile ulwazi lwezenzululwazi - kukuba ukufumana inkqubo olusekelwe kubungqina umfanekiso weli hlabathi.

Ngoko ke sinako ukubona ngokucacileyo ukuba onke amanqanaba ulwazi lwenzululwazi ayikwazi ayisekho ngaphandle. Bathi tselenapravlyayut, bazibekele iinjongo nokusombulula ulwazi lwabo lwenzululwazi ngokudibeneyo.