Arkhangelsk: isikhumbuzo kuLomonosov. Inkcazelo

Enye yezinto eziphambili ezikhangayo iArkhangelsk inokuziqhayisa ngayo isikhumbuzo seLomonosov. Esi sikhumbuzo sisoloko sinobukhenketho abanomdla, ngoko kwakungeke kwenzeke ukuba singayichazi ngembali yayo.

I-Arkhangelsk yidolophu enobuhle obuhle kumntla wePomorie kunye neziko elide lokurhweba kunye negunya laseYurophu. Leli lizwe labaqhubi abanesibindi kunye neendawo zokuzalwa zokukhanya kwezesayensi yaseRashiya - uMikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov.

Kukho abantu abambalwa kwihlabathi abanokutshintsha i-destiny yabo, naphezu kwayo yonke into, ukuba baqonde iphupha labo kwaye bazise inzuzo enkulu kwi-Fatherland, beye baba nodumo ngeenkulungwane. Phakathi kwala manani abambalwa yi-colossus yesayensi, ubugcisa, indoda efundiswe kakhulu ngexesha lakhe-uMV Lomonosov. Isikhumbuzo kwiArkhangelsk kule mntu obalaseleyo sinokubaluleka. Emva koko siza kuthetha ngale sikhumbuzo.

Yeka indlela okwakhiwa ngayo isikhumbuzo kwiLomonosov

I-Biographie kunye nemisebenzi yesayensi ye-Mikhail Vasilievich isacatshulwa ngabaososayensi ababalaseleyo ngexesha lethu. ULomonosov, ngaphandle kokunyaniseka, ukuziqhenya kwesizwe, esinye sezizithixo zabantu. Akumangalisi ukuba ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo ukulungiswa kwelizwe lonke kwalungiselelwe ukwakhiwa kwetshe lesikhumbuzo kumntu ovelele.

Iingcamango zokungafihlisi kwi-granite yenzululwazi enkulu yiseNkulumkankulu kunye noMbhishobhi waseKhommory Neophyte. Esi sizathu sinobuchule sasixhaswa yi-rhuluneli-dolophu yomzi, u-Admiral Minitsky, ukuthumela ku-Emperor Alexander I isikhalazo sombutho we-All-Russian subscription.

Izazinzulu ze-Imperial Academy yeSayensi, abasebenzi beeyunivesithi zaseRussia, iinqanaba eliphezulu zemikhosi kunye nabameli beklasi lorhwebi, abahloniphekileyo nabafundisi, abalimi, abaqhankqalazi kunye nabahloniphekileyo banikele ngemali kwisikhumbuzo kuMV Lomonosov e-Arkhangelsk. Igalelo elibalulekileyo lemali lenziwe ngumzukulu wesazinzulu -Sofya Raevskaya. Igalelo elikhulu livela kuMlawuli uNiclas I. Kwaye ngo-1832 kwavulwa isikhumbuzo.

Ubani umbhali wesikhumbuzo esasihlobisa iArkhangelsk?

Isikhumbuzo seLomonosov senziwa ngumdwebi waseRashiya u-Ivan Petrovich Martos. Ingcamango yokubunjwa, watsho, wathabatha kwi-ode eyaziwayo yeshumi elinanye yeMikhail Vasilyevich- "Ngobusuku becinga ngobukhulu bukaThixo."

Ngelishwa, umdwebi usinda kuphela ekufumaneni into yakhe emifanekiso iminyaka emithathu kuphela, efile ngo-1835.

Inkcazelo

Isikhumbuzo sethusi seMV Lomonosov e-Arkhangelsk senziwa ngesitayela seklasi. UMikhail Vasilievich uboniswe kwi-toga yaseRoma. Elandelayo kuye ingumongo oguqa ngamaphiko, onika uLomonosov ingoma.

Zombili izibalo zisesigxina se-convex, esingafaneli nje isiqwenga sehlabathi, esiyinxalenye yaso esenyakatho. I-lyre, eyaziwayo yindoda engumfundi, ine-monogram enee-"E" kunye ne "P". Nguye umongameli we-Impress Elizabeth Petrovna, owamxhaphaza isayensi. Ngomntu wakhe, ufumene inkxaso kwiinkoliso zakhe ezininzi.

Ubukhosi apho ububunjwa bobunqamle bufumaneka khona kwi-pedestal enesigxina se-cylindrical. Yenziwe nge-pink granite. Ngecala langaphambili lithi "uLomonosov 1829". Ngakolunye uhlangothi, "Wazalwa ngowe-1867-no-1930". Kwi-hemisphere ukusuka phambili kubhaliwe "Kholmogory", oko kukuthi, indawo yokuzalwa kwenzululwazi ibonisiwe.

Ngecala elibhekise phambili ligama lomlobi wezinto ezibunjiweyo. I-pedestal pedestal ngokwayo imele kwi-pedestal ifakwe kwiibhloko ze-granite, ezinamanyathelo amabini.

Xa isikhumbuzo seLomonosov (Arkhangelsk) sasilungile, ukuhanjiswa kwakhe ezweni lakwasosayensi lwenziwa yi-Archangel i-Archangel, kuba ukugcinwa kweso sakhiwo eSt. Petersburg kubiza imali eninzi. Ngombulelo kwimizamo yakhe, isikhumbuzo, sahlula kwiindawo ezine, saziswa kwisixeko ngesikebhe.

Khetha indawo

Indawo apho isikhumbuzo ku-MV Lomonosov kwi-Arkhangelsk siya kwakhiwa sanyulwa nguMlawuli uNikolai I. Emva kokuphonononga ngokucophelela imephu yeso sixeko, ukumkani wanyula indawo kufuphi nehedare. Ngokukodwa isicatshulwa sagxothwa isixokelelwano sesiseko, izibonda ezinamandla zamatye zavalwa, ngoko-ke i-pedestal pad yaxutywa ngezitena, ilitye nezinye izinto ezinamandla.

Isikhumbuzo sasilungele ukuvulwa ngowe-1831, kodwa ukuqhambuka kwesifo sekholera kweso sixeko kwathintela ezi zicwangciso. Ukuqokelela kwimiba enjalo, efuna imilinganiselo yokutyunjwa ngokukhawuleza, kunye nenani elikhulu labantu, laliyingozi kwaye ingenangqiqo. Ngako oko, ukuvulwa kwezinto ezibunjiweyo kwahlehliselwa kude kube ngamaxesha amnandi.

Imibhiyozo ngexesha lokuvulwa kwesikhumbuzo senzeke kunyaka ozayo kwaye yachithwa ngexesha elibizwa ngokuba ngu-Emperor Nicholas I.

Ukutshintshwa kwesikhumbuzo

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwavela ukuba indawo yokwahlulelwa ayiphumelelanga kakhulu, kuba ibangela ukuba i-footestal igwebe ngaphezu kweemitha nesiqingatha. Ngoko ke, ngo-1867 kwahlehliswa.

Kwiminyaka yolawulo lweSoviet, ngowe-1930, isikhumbuzo sasuswa kule ndawo, sibeka kuyo i-Obelisk yaseNyakatho. Kodwa ukuba ungashiyi ngaphandle kwesikhumbuzo esichazwe kwiArkhangelsk, isikhumbuzo seLomonosov sagqithiselwa kwaye sifakwe kufuphi ne-Forestry Institute.

Ngexesha leMfazwe yeSizwe yeBili, ibhokhwe ephezulu ehlaselwa kwisakhiwo saseyunivesiti, ebangela umonakalo kwisikhumbuzo esiseduze. Kodwa iimfucuza ezafunyanwa iminyaka emininzi kamva zagqitywa yindlela yokunyusa okubandayo. Ukuze kulungiselelwe iimeko ezingcono zokulondoloza isikhumbuzo, iminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo yafudukela kwiKholeji yamaHlathi ebizwa ngokuba nguMlawuli uPetros I.

Isiphelo

Ngoku uyazi ukuba iArkhangelsk iyayiziqhenya ngokufanelekileyo. Isikhumbuzo seLomonosov saqalwa apha kudala. Wasinda kwi-revolution kunye neemfazwe. Kodwa kulolu suku ngabakhenkethi ba tyelele le ndawo.