Imyuziyam yoMculo kunye neMidlalo yezobugcisa: inkcazo, imbali, iimpawu, imiboniso kunye nokuhlaziywa

IMyuziyamu yeTheatre kunye noMculo eSt. Petersburg yenye yezona ziboniso ezilungileyo kwihlabathi. Iimali zineemiboniso ezahlukileyo ezininzi, eziqokelelwa kunye nabathandana kunye neengcali kwintsimi yabo. Ukubunjwa kwakungelula, kodwa namhlanje ubuninzi beemyuziyam ezidibeneyo phantsi kwelinye iphiko liqinisekisa umsebenzi wokugcina nokuphindaphinda ifa lezithethe zaseRashiya nokukhanyisa abantu.

Qala

Umboniso wokuqala owenzelwe ubugcisa bezobugcisa wawubanjelwa ngo-1908, indawo leyo yayiyiPanayevsky Theatre. Inani leendwendwe kunye nesithakazelo esikhulu kuluntu ukubonisa ibango eliphuthumayo leziko elizinzileyo kulolu hlobo eSt. Petersburg. Kodwa iMyuziyamu yezobugcisa kunye nomculo waqhutyelwa kakhulu kamva-ngo-1918.

Umlawuli wonyulwa uPN Sheffer, kunye ne-deputy-Zheverzheyev LI bobabini benza igalelo elikhulu ekuphuhlisweni kwenkcubeko yesizwe, imisebenzi yabo ngexesha lokuvinjelwa kweLeningrad lugcinwe imiboniso emininzi, kwaye ubomi begalari abuzange buqhumise. I-Museum yeMusic ne- Theatre Arts yavulelwa ukutyelela ngo-1921. Kwigumbi lokufundisa, kufinyeleleka kubo bonke abantu, iintetho zanikezwa ngabantu abavelele ngexesha labo - uKoni A., Volkonsky S., Soloviev V., Meyerhold V. nabanye. Abathengisi Utesov L., Davydov V., Korchagina - Aleksandrovskaya E., Mayakovsky V. ngowe-1927 wafunda isicatshulwa seengcali "Ngo-Oktobha 27, 1917", eyakha isiseko sombongo esithi "Okulungileyo." I-premiere ye-Shostakovich ye-piano yesi-sonata yesi-2 ibanjwe kumyuziyam.

Iintsuku zokuvalwa

Ngomnyaka we-1930 imbali yemyuziyam iphantse iphelile, ukusuka kwindawo ehlala kuyo yonke indawo yaxoshwa. Kwiminyaka eyisixhenxe, ukuvezwa kwakupakishwe kwiibhokisi kwaye kugcinwe kwigumbi labucala. I-Museum Museum ye-Theatre kunye ne-Musical Art yifumane indawo engapheliyo ngo-1940, kwaye abasebenzi baqalisa ukusebenza embonisweni omtsha. Ukuvulwa kwenzeka ngoMeyi-31, 1941, ukuboniswa kwento entsha, izinto ezingaphezu kwe-206 zamawaka zigcinwe kwiimali ze-museum. Kwabonakala ngathi ixesha lokukhanya liqalisile, kodwa emva kweveki ezi-3 imfazwe yafika.

Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva, ukukhutshwa kweLeningrad kwaqala. Kwiintsuku ezili-900 isixeko kunye nabemi bayo babhekana nexesha elibi kakhulu lembali. Iimyuziyam ezininzi ezininzi, iindawo zokuzonwabisa zatshintshwa, kodwa ubomi beenkcubeko baqhubeka. Ukuhlaselwa kweembambano kunye nokuqhunjelwa kwamabhomu kwabhalwa kumaphephancwadi, iirekhodi ezimfutshane zifunde iirekhodi zokulahleka, iimvakalelo, ukungabi nantoni, umsebenzi ongenanto wokusebenza kunye nodumo. U-Levkevich Zheverzheyev wasweleka kwiindonga zeemyuziyam, kwenzeka ngo-Januwari 1942 kwintlekeleko, emva kancinci, ngo-Matshi, wafa ngenxa yokudinwa kwePN Sheffer. Ngexesha lokukhutshwa kwabasebenzi abasibhozo kumyuziyam, abathathu kuphela bahlala bephila. Ukuqalisa kwakhona kwemiboniso yomsebenzi yaqala ngoNovemba 17, 1946.

Inkcazelo

Okwangoku, iMyuziyam yaseMzansi yaseSt. Petersburg ye-Theatre kunye noMculo yenye yezinto ezincinci kwiimyuziyam zehlabathi, iimali zayo ziphethe izinto ezingaphezu kwe-450,000 ezixelela ibali ye-ballet, i-opera kunye needereyimu zaseRashiya. Olu bunzima lubandakanya amasebe amahlanu:

• Imyuziyam yolondolozo.
• IMyuziyamu yoMculo.
• Imyuziyam-igumbi leRimsky-Korsakov N.A.
• I-Shalyapin House-Museum F.I.
• Abadlali baseMyuziyam-samoilov.

Ukuqokelela kunemiboniso eyahlukileyo eyimvelaphi eyahlukileyo. Izambatho ze-Theater, eziboshwe kwiindibano zocweyo zemihla ngemihla, zihlala kunye neemifanekiso zanamhlanje ze-Anna Pavlova, uNatalia Makarova, njl. Inani elikhulu leemiboniso linikezelwa kuMnu Glinka, uN. Rimsky-Korsakov, uMarius Petipa, uVera Komisarzhevskaya nabanye.

Ukuboniswa kwezixhobo zomculo kufaka izinto ezingaphezu kwezinto ezintathu zokugcina impahla, kunye nezindleko ezibonakalayo zigcinwa , i-wardrobe esetyenzisiweyo kwimiboniso yamatye eembali zaseRussia iboniswe. Ukongeza kwimisebenzi ephambili, amasayithi omyuziyam kunye namasebe ngamagumbi emfundo kubantwana nakubantu abadala. Nazi iindibano ezinikezwayo, iimini zomculo kunye nezobugcisa zisebusuku, amanani aqhelekileyo enkcubeko yaseRussia nakwamanye amazwe amenywa apha.

I-Museum yaseMelpomene

I-Museum yaseTheater Arts eSt. Petersburg ikhona e- Ostrovsky Square, kwisakhiwo esakhiwe ngekhulu le-19 (umakhi-Rossi K.). Ngaphambi kokuguqulwa kwamanzi, yayihlala kwiCandelo loMlawuli weeMidlalo zeMidlalo. Isakhiwo yikhumbuzo esakhiweyo, kwaye emva kweso sikhombiso sinobuboniso obuhle kakhulu kwi-theater yaseRussia.

Isiboniso esigxina "Iimbali zePetersburg" zanikezelwa ngamaxesha amaninzi kumanqaku aphezulu - "iMyuziyamu ye-Olympus". Ikwahlula kwizigaba ezi-6, ukuvumela ukulandelela imbali yecaterari yaseRashiya kwimithombo ukuya kwixesha lokuwa kweContain Iron. Imiboniso ibalisa ibali lemveliso yokuqala kwisiqendu saseRussia sokudlala kukaNikolai Gogol Umhloli Jikelele, i-Opera Life ye-Tsar ngu-Mikhail Glinka, ii-operas zeTchaikovsky, imidlalo ye-Ostrovsky kunye nabanye abaninzi. Iimbali ezicacileyo zezikhokelo zithetha ngomsebenzi, ubuqili, izinto ezintsha ezintsha ze-V. Meyerhold, V. Komissarzhevskaya, F. Shalyapin, K. Malevich, A. Benois nabanye.

Omnye umboniso nguMhlaba wobuGcisa weTheatre. Abaveleli baqhelana neemahala kumazwe ahlukeneyo nakwiizwekazi, izakhiwo zabo zifumaneka kwiiholo. Uyabona i-"Globe" yakwaShakespeare, i-Antique Theatre, iSweden Royal Theater, njl. Umboniso ucela ukuba ukhangele emva kweempawu zesikhala somdlalo, apho umbonisi ongenqabile uyakwazi ukufumana. Abakhenkethi baqhelana nezoshishino zeshishini, iziphumo zomsindo kunye noomatshini bokudlala. Umboniso usebenza phakathi, zama ukuvelisa izandi zeendudumo, isandi semvula okanye udonga awukwazi ukushiya kwiiholo zamyuziyamu.

Iimyuziyam zoMculo kunye nezobugcisa zengxowa-mali azigcinanga kuphela kwilifa lemveli, kodwa nazo zibandakanya inxaxheba kwinqanaba leenkcubeko. Kukho ukuhamba okuqhelekileyo kubantwana nakubantu abadala, iincwadana zentetho zinikezelwa, iimveliso zentengiso kunye neekonti zomculo zinikwe, abadlali abavelele, abalawuli, amanani e-cinema, isenzo sezemidlalo. Inkqubo yenkcubeko kunye nemfundo ihanjiswe ngabantu abangaphezu kwe-150 abantu ngonyaka.

Amasebe

Ngamanye amasebe amane ayenzela ubunzima beMyuziyamu ye-Musical ne-Artatrical Art, eneemiboniso kunye nembali eyingqayizivele.

• Iimyuziyam zoMculo zifumaneka kwi-Count Sheremetevs. Itholakala kwi: ukumbumbana komlambo wasePeranka, isakhiwo 34. Isakhiwo sakhiwe ngo-1750. Ngethuba lokutyelela, iindwendwe ziyaziqhelanisa nembali yebhotwe kunye nemiboniso yangoku. Umboniso osisigxina "I-Sheremetevs kunye nomculo womculo we-Petersburg XVIII-yokuqala ye-XX yeenkulungwane" iqulethe izixhobo zomculo ezingaphezu kwamawaka amathathu avela kwihlabathi jikelele. Iinkqubo ezizodwa zenzelwe abantwana.
• I-Museum-Museum ye-FI Shalyapin (i-Graftio Street, indlu 2B). Unyaka wokufumanisa ngowe-1975. Emva kokubuyiselwa, ukuhlobisa kwangaphakathi kwabuyiselwa kuwo onke amagumbi endlu, okwakubonakala kubonga kwimigudu yomgcini uG IG Dvoryschina. Ukongeza kwendawo yokuhlala yomculi, kwakunokwenzeka ukuphindaphinda igumbi lokwakheka kwe-Shalyapin, eliseMaryinsky Theater. Iimyuziyamu igcina iileta, izinto zezinto ezizimeleyo, iipowusta zemveliso yezobugcisa, izambatho zentsimbi yomnini wendlu.
• I-Museum-Museum yaseRimsky-Korsakov (i-Ave Zagorodny, indlu 28). I-museum yendlu yesikhumbuzo yavulwa ngo-1971. Kule ndlu umqambi waphila iminyaka elishumi elinesibini edlulileyo waza wabhala imisebenzi edumileyo. Inxalenye yesikhumbuzo sempahla yolondolozo lweemyuziyam yenziwa kwaye imeko apho umqambi wadala khona kwakhona. Zonke ezinye igumbi zaphinda zaphinda zaphinda zakhiwa kwaye ukubonakaliswa kobungqina bombhalo obomi bukaRimsky-Korsakov buboniswa. Igumbi lomculo lendlu yokhumbuza limema kwiikonkethi, ihholo yenzelwe abantu abangama-50.
• Imyuziyam-igumbi lentsapho yabadlali baseSamoilovs (iStraremyannaya isitalato, isakhiwo 8. Ihotele kwihotele "Corinthia St. Petersburg"). Isebe yaba yimbutho eyimyuziyam encinane eyinikezelwa kumsebenzi osebenzayo eSt. Petersburg. Inxalenye yesikhumbuzo esichazelayo ichaza malunga nobukhosi babalingisi, iinombolo ezi-3 zezicaka ze-Melpomene. Omnye umboniso uzinikezela ubugcisa be-ballet - "Iinkwenkwezi zaseRussia Ballet". Ukongeza kwimisebenzi yolondolozo lwemyuziyam, iintlanganiso zokudala, iikonsathi, imiboniso, njl njl njl

Iimyuziyam ze-Theatre kunye ne-Musical Art (SPB) yenza ukuba zonke iindwendwe zijikelele kummandla obonwabisayo kakhulu okwangoku. Imbali kunye nelimihla ngemihla idibeneyo kwiiholo zokubonisa kunye nakwiindawo zokuhlala, ukudala indawo eyodwa yenkcubeko.

Ku khanyiswa

Iinkqubo zemfundo kubantu abadala, abantwana nabantwana besikolo kuzo zonke iindidi. Umncinci uqhelana nolondolozo lwemyuziyam ngendlela edlala. Ngokomzekelo, uhambo oluthethayo "Indlovu kwiMyuziyamu" linika ithuba lokubuza imibuzo yesikhokelo, ukutyelela kwiklasi yeklasi ngokumisela nokufumana izinto ezininzi. Abafundi baseJunior bafumana ulwazi lwezobugcisa bezobugcisa kwiindlela zokuhamba kunye, bezama isandla sabo ekudaleni izinto eziqhelekileyo, ukubhala iincwadi zeempendulo, abenzayo okanye baqhelane nembali yecandelo lezemidlalo kwibala lesigxina.

Abafundi besikolo abaphakathi kunye nabaphezulu beeklasi bafumana ulwazi oluqulunqa ngokukhawuleza ikharityhulam yesikolo. Iiholide zokuvakasha zokuvakasha zenza imisebenzi yabaphathi begama eliphilayo, ukwandisa ixesha elithile, yongeza ukwethembeka kumazwi, kwaye abalobi ngokwabo basondela kwaye banamhlanje. Abantu abadala, abavakatye iMyuziyamu yezoMculo kunye nezobugcisa, ngexesha lohambo lwabo luya kuqinisa ulwazi lwabo lweencwadi, umdlalo wezemidlalo, baya kukwazi ukujonga imbali yendalo kunye nophuhliso lwezemidlalo, bayayibukela imvelaphi, iingubo kunye nokutyelela iziganeko zenkcubeko ezisoloko zigcinwe ngesiseko seehorityhulam.

I zifundo

Ukuza kwiMyuziyam yoMculo kunye noBugcisa boBugcisa, isivakashi ngasinye singathembela ekuzalisekeni ibhokisi yeemali zolwazi. Kukhona omnye umsebenzi obaluleke ngakumbi oza kuzaliseka: ukugcinwa kwezinto zevidiyo kunye nokubonelela ithuba lokuziqhelanisa. Kwihholo leprogram yevidiyo kukho iiseshoni eziqhelekileyo zokubonakalisa iirekhodi zokugcinwa kweemidlalo zentlalontle, imisebenzi ye-opera, i-ballet. Nazi zifundo zinikezwa, ixesha elininzi kunye neenzame zinikwa ukulungiselela ubusuku ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwintelligentsia yokudala.

Imibukiso

Imyuziyam nganye ineemiboniso ezisisigxina, ngenxa yokuba kukho iindwendwe ezininzi zeemidlalo. Imyuziyam ye-Theatre neMidlalo yoMculo nayo isebenza kwimiboniso kunye nokukhanya. Imibukiso iyinxalenye yomsebenzi wakhe wemihla ngemihla. Kwimibutho yamasyuziyum banjelwe abaninzi: ngo-2016 kwiMyuziyam yaseNdlu yaseShalesapin, wonke umntu unokubona uluhlu lwemiboniso "yaseSt. Petersburg Montmartre", e-front yard (Palace of the Sheremetevs) de kube sekupheleni kukaOktobha, unokutyelela "ngaphakathi komculo" ngokutyelela "Ikhonkco yezihlalo ezisibhozo" . Uluhlu lwemiboniso luhlaziywa rhoqo.

Uphononongo

Ukuphonononga malunga neyamyuziyamu kulungile, kwaye ingaba njani. Ababhenkethi baqaphele ukubonakaliswa okuthakazelisayo, umsebenzi wokukhokela, ubuhle beeholo kunye nesimo sengqondo sothando sabantu abasebenzi. Kubantwana, imibukiso ebonisanayo inomdla, apho ungayichukumisa khona imibukiso uze uzame isandla sakho ngokubuyisela nayiphina imiphumo. Kwabavakalisi, kwakuncedo ukujonga izinto usebenzisa ikhompyutha. Ukunikezelwa kolwazi kuboniswe kunye neengcamango zemisebenzi, ii-opas, iibhaltshi, ezigcinwe ngenyameko yi-State Museum of Theater / Music.

Abo bafika kwimiboniso yemiboniso, baqaphele ukugqitywa kokungeniswa kwezixhobo, ukuveliswa kwezibakala zetalente nobuntu bomntu oqhelekileyo wenkcubeko okanye ubugcisa. Ngokutsho kweendwendwe, kuyathakazelisa ukuba ungaboni kuphela iziqwenga zemiveliso, kodwa "ukutyelela" ekuziphenduleleni, ukuvakalelwa ngumoya wendalo. Abaninzi baqaphela iklasi ye-ballet ekhethekileyo yabantwana, eqhutywa phantsi kolawulo lukaN. Tsiskaridze. Kananjalo nakwiindwendwe ezincinci kukho iimbuzo, imidlalo, ekuqhelaneni nomlando kunye nokuvumela ukuba zizame kwishishini lokudala.

Ulwazi olu luncedo

Iiofisi zemali zeMyuziyam zisebenza ukusuka ngoLwesine ukuya kwiCawa phantse yonke imini (11:00 ukuya ku-19: 00). Iveki iwela ngoLwesibili, olunye usuku olungasebenzi-uLwesihlanu wokugqibela kwinyanga nganye. NgoLwesithathu, ukutyelela kwimyuziyam kuyafumaneka ngo-13: 00 ukuya ku-21: 00, kodwa iofisi ye-cashier iyayeka ngaloo mini kwiyure yokuqala. Kubantwana kunye nabahlala phantsi, kukho isaphulelo setikiti zokungena (ama-ruble ama-50 ngokwemiqathango yamanani ngo-2016).

Zonke iinkcukacha ezisisiseko malunga neziganeko eziqhubekayo nezicwangcisiweyo zingatholakala kwi: Ostrovsky Square, Isakhiwo se-6, iMyuziyamu yeTheatre kunye noMculo. I-poster yazo zonke iziganeko kunye nemibukiso ihlaziywa rhoqo. Ishedyuli yokutyelela kwiziganeko ezithakazelisayo zingenziwa kwangaphambili.