Ayzek Azimov, "The Caves of Steel": inkcazelo, isishwankathelo kunye nohlolo

Ubomi umbhali Ayzeka Azimova ezolile, akazange va uyothuka olomeleleyo. UIsake wakholwa ukuba umsebenzi wakhe akazange abangele a ukuzwa. Ewe, ngenxa yokuba iincwadi bakhe anelisekile kunye neziphithiphithi, ukuba wenza into eyahlukileyo. Kubafundi wayeqhelene nomsebenzi yombhali, wabonisa ukuba le ncwadi kokuba kwimali kwaye izigidi-gidi. UIsake wavumela ngeso ongalawulekiyo ukudala ilizwe zikholeleke kunye nesimbo lula ukuchaza kubafundi nokuba alukhuni zenzululwazi.

Iminyaka yokuqala umbhali

Ayzek Azimov wazalwa ngo-1920 eRashiya kummandla ESmolensk, kwidolophana Petrovich. Uyenzile lokuzalwa kwakhe ngoJanuwari 2. Emva kweminyaka emi-3, le ntsapho bafudukela eUnited States. Bahlala Bookmark, omnye idolophu New York. kwiminyaka 5 kamva usapho wafumana nobumi. Kwakhona, uyise umbhali elizayo kaThixo wavula eyakhe ivenkile yakhe khekhe.

UIsake, xa kwaba sekunjalo enkulisa, wafundisa ukuba ukufunda. Yena waba memory yokuthathwa, kwaba smart kunye smart kakhulu.

ukuba umbhali

UIsake besebancinane wanceda uyise evenkileni. Apho wachitha iiyure ezili-16 ngosuku. On store shelf ukuba bathengise hayi khekhe kuphela kodwa iimagazini, leyo kwaba ezininzi amabali kumnandi. UIsake lwabo ukufunda voraciously. Xa wayeneminyaka engama-11, wabhala ibali lakhe wayibhala phantsi, ngoko unalo ithuba lokufunda kwakhona.

Xa umbhali elizayo wayeneminyaka eli-16 ubudala, uyise wamnika wokuchwetheza yakhe yokuqala. Kwiminyaka eli-18, uIsake waya umhleli lowu New York nebali yakhe yokuqala, kodwa wala. Emva kweenyanga ezi-5, waphinda wazama ithamsanqa yakhe ibali eyahlukileyo - "Marooned Valiwe UVesta". Azibhala October 21, 1938, italente entsha ngokuhlawula $ 64 nganye 6400 amagama amabali.

Emva kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, uIsake wajoyina iSebe Zoology, kodwa kungekudala watshintshela ngemichiza. Sele 1941, waba yinkosi chemistry, yaye ngowe-1948 - ngugqirha ngamachiza ezinto eziphilayo. Azimov iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi kwi-School of Medicine kwiYunivesithi eBoston. Lonke elo xesha waqhubeka ukusebenza iinoveli yakhe. Ngowe-1958, yagqiba bekuya kuba umbhali kuphela, ekubeni imirhumo ngelo xesha bamzisa inzuzo ngaphezu yomvuzo.

"I Caves of Steel"

Ngexesha lakhe, Ayzek Azimov wabhala imisebenzi ngaphezulu kwama-300 ka-ntlobo ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa eyaziwa kakhulu ngenxa Iinoveli njengephupha. Enye yezi misebenzi yaba inoveli ebizwa "The Caves of Steel." Ayzek Azimov ngelo xesha bagqiba uvavanyo ukwenza umsebenzi owawuza ukudibanisa ibali elingeyonyani kunye zokucupha.

I inoveli "I Caves of Steel" yaba yeyokuqala kuthotho yonke imisebenzi abazinikele nomcuphi yi igama Elaydzha Beyli. Kwixesha elizayo, umbhali ubhale iinoveli eziliqela waba phambili ibali.

Asimov, "The Caves of Steel"

Isishwankathelo kwinoveli. Emhlabeni uxolo igqiza wafika kwenye iplanethi. Ezi ningazani ebizwa Spacers. Le ubuntu efanayo kakhulu uhlala kwizixeko ezikhulu, anthills, abaphethwe ukwanda iyonke. Owayesakuba amathanga ndingenguye owehlabathi nomsindo gqitha, ngoko ke ukufika uxolo igqiza Spacers - oko kufanele ukuba ingakwazi ukuba wengxinano kunye nentaphane iingxaki zehlabathi.

Kodwa emva komzuzwana enye yezi njengabaphambukeli ziyafa. Umhlaba karhulumente uyaqonda ukuba bafumane iziphumo ezingafunekiyo kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukuphuhlisa enziwa omncane. Kuba abantu, le meko iya kuba yintlekele yodwa. Ukusombulula lo mba isigxina New York udidi umcuphi-5 ogama Elaydzha Beyli. Xa amaqabane bakhe bezinye iintlanga zichaza Spacers, ogama lakhe Daniel R. Olivo. Kungekudala uEliya uqala ukuba ukrokrela ukuba akukho ilula kangaka kunye neqabane lakhe. Kamva, lowo ufunda ukuba unobumba "P" egameni lakhe weqela-iqabane kuthetha ukuba yena a irobhothi.

Kubafundi kubona kule ukusebenza

I inoveli "I Caves of Steel" libenza ezahlukahlukeneyo abasabela ngayo abafundi. ukuwa Uninzi uthando nehlabathi wadala ngumbhali, uyavelana kusini na nomlinganiswa oyintloko. Kodwa kukho abo akazange ayithande le mveliso.

Abanye abafundi baye babona kwixesha elizayo kwinoveli dystopian iplanethi yethu. Abantu banyanzelwa ukuba baphile phantsi komhlaba, bafika ngxaki kuphuhliso yayo. Ke phakathi kwabo bazelweyo ngabo abakulungeleyo ukukholwa okuhle, sizabalazela ukuba kuphakanyiswa. Kubafundi babona kwinoveli ukomiwa umhlaba, yaye wenza nomvakalelo womoya onamandla phezu kwabo.

Asimov wabhala "I Caves of Steel" ngexesha xa abantu kuyaqala ukoyisa isithuba. Umbhali emininzi Iinoveli, Liquka umnqweno ushiye uMama Earth, kubhabha mayela entsha, kwiinkwenkwezi,-langa. Kodwa ngoku uRhulumente sele unike ukuhlolwa ngaphantsi ixesha. Ngenxa yale ndaba kuya kusiba ngakumbi etsolo, ongxamisekileyo, kuyimfuneko, uba amandla lesiprofeto.

Lo msebenzi embhoxo irobhothi ngokwayo

Abanye abafundi abasakwazi negative ukuba ethi "I Caves of Steel." Isishwankathelo incwadi yokuqala kumnandi. Xa inkqubo yokufunda, babona ukuba iplanethi ngeembambo, apho abantu baphile imithetho ethile. Ewe, abemi Umhlaba zonke ekunene, ukuba asetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinjalo, ziyahlutha. Kodwa nantsi Spacers kwi imvelaphi yazo ibonakala igqibelele. Robots kwakhona idima abantu eziqhelekileyo ithuba lokuba bafumane imali ngenxa yobukho bawo. Njengoko ngexesha lethu, abasebenzi cheap uxatyiswa ngabaqeshi ngasentla.

Enye kubakho iingxaki eziphambili kwinoveli, abanye abafundi ucinga ophambili. Bathi nje musani kubona njengoko kumcuphi. Lowo yonke:-mabali, sobulumko - kodwa hayi lowo ophezu ibali. Abafundi baya uqaphele ukuba umsebenzi omninzi kunye monologues phantse akukho imvakalelo. Abanye baye kuthelekiswa ibali kunye robot, abalinganiswa abaphambili yencwadi ukuba kwenziwe konke. iintshaba zabo musa ukuba mnandi, kunoko, ukuzeyisa nalufefe, bona abakwazi kwaye behlala besenza izinto ezingenangqondo.

Ekuphetheni

Inoveli Ayzeka Azimova "I Caves of Steel" yenye yezona "Base" umjikelo ibali. Lo msebenzi kuvula phambi umfundi entsha, ihlabathi ngamnye okude izele iimfihlelo kunye nemibuzo ezizezabo. Abanye bathi kuwo kuphela inemfesane izwekazi ubume bangoku, ukuba ezinye yokubona izinto ezimangalisayo umhlaba, uluntu kunye ngxabano Spacers, kwakunye Zininzi izinto endifuna ukuba amava kunye nabalinganiswa kaninzi-ninzi. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, i inoveli "I Caves of Steel" - imveliso babezinikele umbhali abanetalente, nto leyo iya kubashiya nabani akanankathalo.