Basil Katanyan: biography kunye PIU

Best eyaziwa njenge bhanya Basil Katanyan umsebenzi omninzi kunye intsimi yokubhala. Waba nethamsanqa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kubomi abantu abasondeleyo Mayakovsky, umsebenzi omninzi uye malinikelwe kulo wembongi edumileyo. Nkqu ngakumbi nethamsanqa ukuba wazalwa ngo-1924 e-Tiflis, wenqaba okuninzi neembongi, amagcisa nabo wayesebenza sathetha uyise, waza emva koko - ukuba emva kwabo kwikomkhulu. Kwaye emva ukuze abe documentary bhanya odumileyo nombhali memoirs.

indlela

Yonke ekuchithweni kwayo kule ndlela, njengoko Katanyanom Zingafanelana zonke izithixo zakhe bokwenyaniso ubomi. Uyise, kakhulu, Basil Katanyan, ngowe-1937 watshata okwesihlandlo sesithathu - to Lili Brik. Kwaba zombini yintlekele, ngenxa yokuba kanye ukubandezeleka umfazi wakhe unina Basil Jr., uGalina, nolonwabo ngaxeshanye ukuze gxwa ehlabathini ekwanti apho wonke umntu ukuba ayilunganga. Incwadi malunga abafazi abadumileyo ixesha lakhe, eyabhalwa ngu Vasily Katanyan (nyana), uthathwa ukuba comprehensive ngengqiqo yemeko eli xesha disclosure umdla.

Family. Tiflis

UYise bhanya odumileyo, owazalwa ngo-Apreli 1902 kwi sele ukuvusa iziganeko olululo eMoscow, a Katanyan abaphezulu ngokukhawuleza bangena iimbongi edume iSilver Age, njengoko ephawuleka njenge umphengululi unesiphiwo kwaye ndabhala umbongo elungileyo. Vasily wafunda Katanyan (senior) e Tbilisi, kwiZiko Polytechnic Institute. Njengomfundi, ndenze abahlobo kunye Evreinov, Kamensky, torsion, Zdaneviches, lwenziwa ibandla labo amanqaku kunye ndinyana.

Emva koko, ngowe-1919, Katanyan Omkhulu wathabatha e Georgia Union of ababhali Russian waza wanikwa ubulungu kwi "iimbongi Zeche." Ukususela ngo-1921, wapapasha iphephandaba "Art", uye wasebenza epapasha endlwini "Zakkniga" apho kwakhululwa incwadi Mayakovsky kaThixo, ukuhlala ubomi owuthandayo imbongi, phakathi kwabo kulandelayo: "Sergeyu Eseninu", "IGcushuwa", "Incoko kunye fininspektorom" (imifanekiso yabo edumileyo Rodchenko) kunye mileyshuyu incwadi abantwana ngemizekeliso Zdanevich - ". kungakhathaliseki ukuba iphepha indlovu, ingonyama" Ngowe-1926 wapapasha incwadi yakhe yokuqala zoncwadi, nto leyo ebangela umdla enengxolo kunye nokuvunywa jikelele - sokuxolelwa ukuhluza kwi inoveli zikaTolstoy "Sunday".

eMoscow

I-capital Katanyan bafudukela ngo-1927. Basil Katanyan (uyise) njengomhlambi Moscow seminyaka emithathu-boy, wambonisa iphephancwadi "New yikhohlo", apho waqalisa unobhala ukusebenza. Hi ndlela leyi, Katanyan Omkhulu epapashwe yonke indawo - kwiimpapasho ezibalulekileyo eli lizwe, "Iindaba", "Komsomolskaya PRAVDA", "eMoscow Hosi", "iGazethi yoncwadi", "Guard Young", apho ke kamva wasebenza naye. Kid Katanyan Vasiliy Vasilevich waphulaphula ngenyameko wamthi: ngokuba uyise ilungu leSigqeba Bureau kunye neBhunga Association of Soviet Writers, abantu ajikelezileyo aba umdla kakhulu. Ingakumbi abo banceda ukubhala malunga imbongi enkulu.

Kwenzeka ukuba uthando olukhulu umsebenzi lo, kuzo zonke iinkalo isigebenga kwakhokelela yintlekele entsatsheni Katanyanom, kodwa kungenjalo akazange aphume ku-1934 incwadi ku Mayakovsky - "Iingcambu yemibongo", yaye ngowe-1940 - ingqokelela lwamanqaku, "ezimnandi zika Mayakovsky "xa zonke ngandlela ustakanilos kunye Vasiliy oselula Vasilevich Katanyan sixolelanisiwe nje, kunye nokufika Lily Brik ebomini bakhe, kunye nabanye leyinene. Mayakovsky wangena ngokupheleleyo usapho Katanyanom - zonke zontathu iintlelo wembongi wadlula ezandleni Basil uSister njengoko compiler kwaye umhleli, 1939 no-1949, no-1961. Basil Jr. ifana sponge efunxa yonke into eyayisenzeka ngeenxa zonke kuye. Kwaye kwakukho izinto ezimangalisayo.

emoyeni

Basil Jr. bajula zibe zonke, awakwenzayo uyise ndisemncinane kakhulu. Akazange elindile, kodwa naye wabanceda. Emva kokushiya (okanye mandithi, emva kokuba wagxothwa) ukusuka usapho kayise lo msebenzi esisiseko Katanyan eziphezulu. Ngeli xesha, Basil Jr. waphila ixesha elide kunye nomama notata kusapho kunye Lili Brik. Abafundi olusafundayo nobuchule Mayakovsky of "yemihla eziquphayo ...", eyapapashwa ngo-1939, yaye ngokupheleleyo bengazi into oku kwakuhambisana yintlekele. Ihlabathi owaziyo Katanyanom ezimbini zezona ngcali zinetalente - uyise nonyana, yaye ngubani na Vasiliy Leontevich Katanyan, owayesakuba ummi waseUSSR, ihlabathi ngandlela ingazeki.

Kodwa Basil Abgarovich wabhala imidlalo kunye screenplays, mhlawumbi yiloo nto, unyana wakhe babelindele umsebenzi omkhulu cinematic. Singasathethi, wanikela umdlalo "Kaloku babesazi Mayakovsky" kwi iLeningrad Academic Theatre, opera "Hayi nje uthando" umqambi Shchedrin, apho mdlalo ebhaliweyo Katanyan Sr., ngumbhalo ifilimu "Anna Karenina" nephepha leempendulo (mhlawumbi elihle) ayiphumelelanga kwefilimu Chernyshevsky. Akazange abe loo mntu ukuba kukhule unyana laliphakathi nje multi-abanetalente. yonke indawo, le umoya wanceda ukuba kuyimfuneko amava kunye nolwazi ukuze ubomi waphila kuphela ngenxa bobuchule.

Kwisiqingatha senkulungwane in ifilimu

Katanyan Vasiliy Vasilevich abahlobo kunye neqabane - UEldar Ryazanov. Kungenxa yoko le nto movie ezimbini ozithandayo esidlangalaleni bayiphosa ilothe eli gama: emlonyeni Myagkova ( "Katanyan beze") kunye Filatov ( "Katanyan igama lam"). Katanyan Jr. films hayi ngaphantsi edumileyo, nangona ukuba zibhalwa. Ngenxa yokuba ukukhawulelana abaphulaphuli kwakhona nosaziwayo zakho ozithandayo: ekukruqulayo Ahmatovoy, Rodionom Schedrinym, Mayey Plisetskoy, Sergeem Eyzenshteynom, uPawulos Robeson, Arkadiem Raykinym, Lyudmila Zykina ...

Basil Katanyan - bhanya - ithathe inxaxheba ekudalweni thotho "IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic". Kwakhona wathatha ixesha elininzi bhanya obubhaliweyo ezizimeleyo eziye zafumana amabhaso kwimibhiyozo bhanya ngamazwe. Vasiliy Katanyan - umlawuli ngubani iyaqhutywa documentary kancinane ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha kwekhulu! Asinguye wonke umntu unalo ithuba elide kangaka ukufumana ulwaneliseko msebenzi wabo. Yaye wabhala incwadi, yaye ababhali abaninzi baziva Katanyan omncinci enye memoirs kakhulu.

uthanda ezimbini

Kule magazini The New Yorker ezipapashwe kutshanje inqaku ngu Fransin Dyu Plessix Grey, ntombi kanye Tatiana Yakovleva, leyo, njengokuba emigrant oselula eParis, waphumelela intliziyo Mayakovsky omkhulu. Ngelo xesha, kwiminyaka enye enesiqingatha nje ekhohlo ukuhlala kweli hlabathi. Eli nqaku othi "Le yokugqibela, owandithandayo Mayakovsky". Du Plessis akazange afunde nantoni na evela kumama wakhe ngale uxhulumaniso, ekubeni wenza usapho yeengcungcu "Musa ukuthetha ngayo." A iqela iileta zocingo beza ezandleni zakhe emva kokufa bobabini umama nobaba. Ngowe-1999, intombi imbongi, beza eMoscow ukuze yazi nge Mayakovsky Museum wabonakala amaxwebhu ayo.

Emva konyaka wapapasha incwadi malunga omnye umfazi, ebhalwe indodana yakhe. Russia wadibana sinexhala oku olungaziwayo oodade imbalelwano - uLily Brik kunye Elzy Triole. Kwaye ke sabhalelana ixesha elide, phantse bonke ubomi bakhe - ukususela ngowe-1921 ukuya th-1970. I bayilungisa, ngoku uza wokugqibela umbhali embundwini kunye nomlawuli Basil Katanyan, ngobomi ogama wayezele ezikuphefumla abafazi ngokwembali odumileyo ophilileyo, kuba uyise wakhe omnye wabo wayesele eneminyaka eliyiminyaka engathi imashumi mane.

ezimakhulu mabini anamanci asithoba anesihlanu iileta zakhutshwa. Basil wahlanganisa Katanyan photo autographed kunye nemizobo umthendeleko ongathandani naye ukusela eyenziwe ngesandla wembongi, yeenowuthsi incinane, iileta elide kunye olubhalwayo ezivela kulo lonke ihlabathi, ezithathwa upapashwe, abafundi hlukana umkhusane vu phezu ukuzalana imbongi kunye nabafazi bakhe. Mhlawumbi akukho mntu unako ukuyenza ngokufihlakeleyo ngakumbi ingcinga ephilileyo, njengoko zilawulwa Basil Katanyan.

Lilya Brik

Ubomi ubuya ukuba Lily yaba imbongi abantu basondeleyo. Oku kuye kwaba ngokuqiniseka, yaye sel ', njengenqaku ukuzibulala kudluliselo intsapho yakhe lwasungulwa Mayakovsky ogama Lily Brik. Nkqu unina kunye noodade zidweliswe apha ngezantsi. Du Plessis libhekisela masochism ethile, leyo kuthiwa baba yimbongi. Bonke abahlobo bam bamangaliswa ngokwenene ukuba inkohlakalo, nto yeza ezinemibala kukunxulunyaniswa bakhe kunye naye, kwaba ke despotism kwelona nqanaba liphezulu. Waye naye cwaka, uneentloni yaye luthobela, yaye usoloko uwise yonke bethanda yakhe nje. Noko ke, Du Plessis ngokuqinisekileyo zibonakala, kunye nabahlobo ukuze ubone asiyiyo yonke inyaniso.

Le uncamathiselo ngokunzulu ukuze ahlale despotism omnye iminyaka emininzi kangaka nje ngeke. Indlela enye ukuchaza ukuba, emva kokufa kwakhe, uLily Y. yayilawulwa ingaqhelekanga kude kuse ebudaleni ikwandim, etsala abantu kunye kabukhali lwengqondo, kunye charm zobuqu. Wayesazi ukuba ukwenza njani abahlobo. bhanya abanetalente Spergey Paradjanov, nto leyo iye ngokuphindaphindiweyo sihlangulwe zonke iintlobo zizinto ezimbi, ukuqinisekisile oku. Ndandisoloko azithanda kwiincwadi zakhe nxamnye nomnye umama wakhe Basil Katanyan. Lilya Brik iye yabangela elikhulu trauma boy elinesine, xa intsapho ekhohlo kuye nguyise wakhe, uxinezeleko ebona Galina, unina intanda yakhe, musa nokuba ukuthetha. Kanti noko.

ngawona

Ukukholisa umkakhe Katanyan uSister ngokwakhe wangena Osip Brik. Mabadane - uLily Basil - siqhubeka ngamalungiselelo ingqokelela epheleleyo yemisebenzi wembongi, wathi, kufuneka ukubona yonke imihla. Ukuze ubonise unyamezelwano, wathi, musa ukuqhuba indoda yakhe, nangona ukuba nolwalamano olusenyongweni Lily Basil ibotshelelwe yonke ezingqongqo. Kodwa Galina loo yokuziphatha wayengekho abasenyongweni. Naxa incwadi Basil Katanyan ubhala malunga ngokudandatheka ukuba Wawafumana unina wakhe, yena Qhaphela xa iingxelo malunga Lila okunzima lehla amagama ambalwa malunga nefuthe kuwo Osip Brik.

Ukanti ke nokunyamezela yombhali, njengoko bathi, kude abasakhasayo. Efihla antisimpatii lakhe sithanda ukuba ayikho ongaphambili. Akukho mntu ikuhluza embi zonke ukuba ubulumko ezifunyenweyo usixolela. Wanikel 'ingqalelo abalinganiswa ecacileyo, hayi inyathelo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kangakanani. Buphela, yonke into waya - ngokungathi umfundi uthi Vasily Katanyan. "Uthinte izithixo" yakhiwe ngokupheleleyo njalo. Umbhali-memoirist kufuneka, okokuqala zonke mazigcinwe sengqondo enjalo aestheticism. Ngokuba kuye, kubaluleke ngaphezu kokuqaqamba ngamnye, ukuba nentsusa kwento kunye nokubaluleka. Sergei Paradjanov, Maya Plisetskaya, Lilya Brik - bonke abantu nematha embindini sale ncwadi, abalinganiswa eyintloko ngenxa ngamnye.

memorialist

Katanyan Jr. mhlawumbi ngaphezu yake i element wendalo yobomi, wayoyisa imithetho womxhuzulane kunye nemithetho oluthe lwaqwalaselwa eqhelekileyo. Mhlawumbi yiloo nto akavumi moralizing aze aquqe ebuyelela phambi yomfundi yazala. Vumela wonke umntu aqonde isiganeko ngendlela yazo ekhethekileyo, njengoko konke okusemandleni, kwaye oluvavanya yenzululwazi. Kodwa ke ikrele kabini mbini - indlela umlweli Vasily akukho.

Akazange ukuzimisa izinto enokuba kucikidwa, eshiya yonke yobumbaxa ubumbaxa bonke abafundi. Uhlala umntu, umbhali wapeyinta khaxa okukhulu, awayenzayo akuyona imfihlo evulekileyo. Vula charm kuphela. Phambi iimfihlelo Katanyan chastely iyehla, equbuda ngokuthobeka. Ukondla akusenzi, ukuqonda kwabo ingqiqo umntu ochazwe yi uTshawe akuthethi iyibeke.

heroes

Ezi zikhanyisiwe yaye Roman Karmen, kunye Dzhordzh Balanchin, kunye Grigori Kozintsev kunye Sergey Eyzenshteyn. Passionarnost for Vasiliya Katanyana - iimpawu eziphambili hero ifilimu okanye incwadi kudala ezinye iimpawu kwi izicwangciso kwesibini. Le amaxwebhu abubungqina films zakhe. Facts. Umntu wokwenene eziqhelekileyo ukuze bonke. Kodwa ngokungummangaliso kule ngelaphu kukho umfanekiso multi-sifuba kangangokuba iyazigatya umfundi umfanekiso obanzi kakhulu leyinene elide iphelile. Ababukeli kunye abafundi bachaza kulo mfanekiso kangangoko izimvo zabo malunga neengxaki zobomi.

kushiywa biography

Ngexesha lemfazwe, Vasily Katanyan kid obudala ngakumbi esebenza ngomatshini moya mveliso lathe nokugaya - nokufunda. Ngo-1944, wangena VGIK ukuya Kozintsev - ngokusa, apho athi adibane naye UEldar Ryazanov. Yena wafumana idiploma njengomlawuli bhanya inkalo, kodwa bagqiba obubhaliweyo. Mna ndiza kusebenza CSDF, waza wahlala khona iminyaka emashumi mane. Ukususela ngo-1957, izilingo kweManyano Cinematographers. Xa gqira, wayedibana intsapho Umhlaziyi wobuciko odumileyo kaJulius Gens Tallinn, wathatha intombi yakhe - Inna, ngubani film umgxeki emihle abawazi cinema Japanese.

Archives uyihlo, akho kunye Lily Brik ke ngoku zigcinwe yaye bafunda kunye. Inxalenye igcinwe kwii-akhayivu karhulumente - ngqangi, iileta, iidayari. Wish Foundation wadalwa kwaye zilawulwa yi umbhali ngokusekelwe somsindo wekhaya. Umzekelo, kukho iivoti Lili Brik, ebhalwe Elsa Triolet, Louis naseAragon, uPablo Neruda, Nazim Hikmet, uDavide Burliuk, Alekseya Kruchonyh, uKonstantin Simonov, ilizwi opera celebrity Deniz Dyuval kunye kakhulu ngakumbi. Basil wafa Katanyan ngo-1999 emva kokugula amandla kunye elide waza wangcwatyelwa eMoscow. Umfazi wakhe baye bewalungiselele ukupapashwa kwimbali yobomi Kubala, olusekelwe phezu iidayari bakhe, yaye uye umsebenzi kwi incwadi, leyo akwazi ukugqiba.

opeyintayo

Ukongeza iiklasi uncwadi kunye cinema Basil Katanyan ukwenza ikholaji umdla, ubophe iincwadi, kwaye iye yaba kakuhle ukwenzela ukuba umsebenzi wakhe ngempumelelo enkulu inxaxheba kwimiboniso eyahlukeneyo - ngamanye amaxesha kakhulu, inqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu.

Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-2003 umboniso ikholaji kwimizobo Russian zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini kwi Pushkin Museum kunye Tretyakov Gallery; ngo-2005, lo mboniso "ikholaji Russia" kwi Russian Museum; Exhibition "Quilt" ngo-2009 kwi-Ubuciko kwiMyuziyam e Moscow, apho awabasondezayo imiboniso ezininzi ukusuka kwindawo yokugcina usapho ukongeza ikholaji ekhaya-eyenziwe kunye neencwadi - iileta, iifoto kunye namanye amaxwebhu umdla.

Books Vasiliya Katanyana

• "Touch Magic" (kunye ikholaji Parajanov), eMoscow, 1987.
• "Bexesha of Mayakovsky" (inqaku ezitshayelelayo, ukuqulunqa, Katanyan izimvo). memoirs zoncwadi. EMoscow, 1993.
• "Kungalo izithixo." "Vagrius", 1997.
• "Omkhulu Ryazanov". Collection, p. 91-96. "Vagrius", 1997.
• "Paradjanov". EMoscow, 1994.
• "Ukuxokonyezelelwa Quilt". "Vagrius", 2001.
• "Lilya Brik. Life." EMoscow, 2002.

Okokugqibela, le iifilimu aseleyo bobempunde Basil Katanyan. PIU kumba kakhulu:

1. "I Isiqithi of Sakhalin". 1954. Festival International eBrussels ngo-1955 - Prize.

2. "ezimnandi zika Kabarda." 1956.

3. "Stars in eMoscow." -1959.

4. "Sergey Eyzenshteyn". 1958.

5. "Spring Road." Kinopanorama. -1959.

6. "USSR ngentliziyo evulekileyo." 1961.

7 "I American Ballet." 1962.

8. "Imini Poetry". 1964.

9. "Xa amajoni zicula." 1965.

10. "bt abaselula." 1965.

11. "Pol Robson". -1959.

12. "Arkady Raikin." 1967.

13. "Maya Plisetskaya". 1964.

14. "Maya Plisetskaya". 1982.

15. "Anna Akhmatova". 1987.

16. Epic "IMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic" (ukuthatha inxaxheba). 1979.