Bergholz Olga Fedorovna: ngobomi (short)

Igama Olgi Berggolts wazi wonke ummi welizwe lethu elikhulu, ingakumbi St. Petersburg. Ngapha koko, ayikho nje imbongi Russian, ngaba uphawu eziphilayo zokungqinga lwe eLeningrad. Kakhulu kwakufuneka yenze le wesifazane. ngobomi bayo ezimfutshane ziza kuhlawulwa kweli nqaku.

Esakhula

Bergholz wazalwa Olga Fedorovna kwentwasahlobo ka-1910 e-St Petersburg. uyise kugqirha Fedor Hristoforovich. Olga naye udade omncinane, uMariya. Emva revolution ka Bergholz, intsapho yakowabo yafudukela Uglich, ngenxa yokuba kwakukho isiyaluyalu Petrograd. Uyise lentsapho inxaxheba ekulweni. NoMariya unina Timofeevna kunye neentombi zakhe kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama emibini ohlala eMonastri owayesakuba Epiphany. Kude kuse ebudaleni ikwandim Olga ukufudumala ukhumbula loo mihla kunye nokukhathalela abawashiyayo emva Petrograd emva kokubuya kayise emfazweni.

Bergholz wahlala esesiphelweni kwiSango Neva. Ngowe-1926 Olga waphumelela kwisikolo yorhwebo. Unyaka ngaphambili, kwelinye nemibutho boncwadi wadibana Boris Kornilov, imbongi kunye nomyeni wakhe elizayo. Kunye naye, yena wafunda kwi-Institute of Art History.

Inxulunyaniswa Kornilov, omnye iintlekele ubomi nzima wembongi. Ngowe-1928, baza batshata, ngenxa intombi Irina wazalwa kweenyanga ezimbalwa sibini. Le ntombazana wafa eneminyaka engama esibhozo ukusuka nesifo sentliziyo. Boris ngokwakhe ngoFebruwari 1938 wadubula ngezityholo mbumbulu-up.

1930

Ukususela ngowe-1930, wafunda kwi Philology weYunivesithi iLeningrad. Ndaya nokuvalela Vladikavkaz, apho ndachitha yinxalenye ehlotyeni nasekwindla, ukusebenza kwiphephandaba "Labor Amandla".

Kulo nyaka yena umtshato B. Kornilov kunye watshata uNikolay Molchanov. Olga Bergholz, imbali izele iziganeko ezibuhlungu, yaye wasinda nomyeni wakhe wesibini. Wafa ngowe-1942 e-iLeningrad liphango.

Emva kokuphumelela, ukwabiwa iya ku Kazakhstan, apho wayesebenza kwiphephandaba "emathafeni eSoviet" incwadi. Emva kokubuyela iLeningrad de 1934 wasebenza kwiphephandaba "Electrosila".

Ngowe-1932 Olga, Nicholas wazala intombi, Maya, kodwa ukufumanisa ukuba ibe buhlungu ngumama. Umntwana wafa emva konyaka.

Ngowe-1934 imbongi wavuma ukuya Union Writers ', nalapho izihlandlo eziliqela, yaye emva koko wambuyisela.

NgoDisemba 1938, Berggolts Olga wabanjwa ngezityholo zokuba amakhonkco neentshaba zabantu. Ngexesha lokubanjwa wayemithi. Kodwa akazange ayeke kubathuthumbisi ukuba aqhube ya nxaniso. Emva kokuba zonke ukubethwa imbongi esibhedlele entolongweni wazala umntwana ozelwe.

Kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokubanjwa kwakhe, yena wakhululwa yaye ngokupheleleyo kwimeko yesiqhelo.

Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II

Ngowe-1940 yena wangena CPSU (b). Iindaba ekuqaleni kwemfazwe wafumana uOlga eLeningrad. Wakhawuleza waya yesebe i Writers Union yaye wacela ukusinceda. Ketlinskaya V., intloko yesebe, wathumela Berggolts Olgu kunomathotholo. Kuyo yonke le zokungqinga ilizwi bathuleyo imbongi zigcinwe Leningradites ngokuphumelela umoya, imibongo zayo ziyakhuthaza.

Yaba esihle iyahlala Bergholz kwamabutho. NgoNovemba 1941, kunye nokuba nomyeni wakhe ukuyiphendula ukubaleka, kodwa wafa Molchanov kunye Olga wagqiba ukwabelana isiphelo lwabemi, wahlala eLeningrad. Apha azalwa ngayo imisebenzi yakhe intle. "Leningrad umbongo" Olgi Berggolts azinikele abavikeli isixeko nabemi bayo ngamakroti.

Ekupheleni konyaka-1942, wakwazi kutyelela eMoscow. Ngaloo mihla, imbongi kakhulu aphoswe malunga kowabo kunye umphefumlo wayefuna umva. Akukho ukulunga ngohlobo ngokutya eshushu, ezibhateni kunye nezinye izinto ababanga ukunqanda oko.

It Bergholz Wathi Olga Fedorovna of iLeningrad ngo-1943 Iindaba ezilungileyo ngokwaphula ukuqapha.

Ngexesha lasehlotyeni ngo-1942, imbongi wafumana imbasa "ukuziphendulela Leningrad". Emva kwemfazwe, oko amazwi akhe kwakukrolwe kwi Nyengane slab kumangcwaba enkumbulo: ". ... akukho mntu kulityalwa nto nganto"

Iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Ngowe-1949 watshata okwesihlandlo sesithathu. Olga waba abanyulwa George Makogonenko, mhlalutyi zoncwadi. Emva kwemfazwe, imbongi wasebenza nzima, waya kwelinye ishishini. Emva uhambo ukuya Sevastopol wabhala nentlekele "Ukunyaniseka".

Ngowe-1951, Berggolts Olga wawongwa Prize State of the USSR. vesi Ebuhlungu wadibana I. V. Stalina ukufa.

Ngowe-1962, yena umtshato Makogonenko. Iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe, enyanisweni, kuye yedwa. Kufuphi Yena udade kuphela, Maria, ngubani wancedisa yonke into kwaye iyakuhlala ifuneka.

ukufa

Ukufa yamfikela imbongi Novemba 13, 1975. Bergholz uye wafa eneminyaka engama-65.

Wangcwatywa yaba emangcwabeni potter, nangona ekuqaleni kwacetywa ukuba ibhokisi kuya kuthathwa Piskarevskoe. Abahlali abaninzi abazange isebenze ukuze kuthi ndlela-ntle wembongi zintanda, njengoko obituary yashicilelwa kwiphephandaba kuphela ngomhla yokungcwaba.

Abasemagunyeni waqinisekisa ukuba kwakukho abantu abaninzi apho engcwabeni, ukumoyika iintetho, kuba kwadala kakhulu ububi Bergholz. Ngenxa yoko, sifezekise bafuna ntoni. Intetho E. Serebrovskaya ukuba Olga nako ukuma ukuba ubukrwada kunye amazwi rhoqo ababhali kunye ziimbongi. Granin, sikhumbula olo suku of ndlelantle Bergholz, wathi ukuba umngcwabo bubugwala, endaweni intlungu kunye memory nombulelo wembongi wavuka umsindo kuphela nabagxeki bakhe.

indalo

Umsebenzi wokuqala zemibongo lwapapashwa ngo-1925. Ekuqaleni, Olga Bergholz, engobomi kakhulu ebuhlungu, ukuba ibekwe ngokwayo mbongi zabantwana. Uye wafumana ukuzukiswa Chukovsky.

iminyaka imfazwe zatshintsha yonke into ebomini bakhe. xa wazibona sele, waya kwikhondo elungileyo. Olga Bergholz, imibongo malunga okulwa wabanika ithemba nokholo, liye laba uphawu invincibility.

Phakathi imisebenzi yakhe intle "Februwari Diary", "iLeningrad umbongo", "Daily Star". Emva kokufa imbongi zipapashwe iidayari, izinto zexabiso elikhulu kwaye ukugcina ezininzi iinkumbulo obonwabisayo ezibuhlungu.