Biography cosmonaut Grechko Grigoriya Mihaylovicha, vaakelani va, amabhaso kunye nezihloko

A wamazwe nesibindi kunye nomhlobo oluthembekileyo - ukuba oku kubonakala phambi kwamehlo ethu, zokulinga-cosmonaut, kabini imbasa isihloko Hero eSoviet Union Georgy Grechko. Biography injezu mntwini, kuba ngokwenene ngumntu kumnandi.

Grechko Georgiy Mihaylovich

Xa ithemba lokufumana imizila zabantu yalapha ke uphando ubude nobubanzi Tunguska hlathi kwentlabathi yeSinayi Peninsula kunye iiphiramidi laseYiputa. Kwafuneka imikhankaso emithathu ukuya kwisikhululo emajukujukwini, kwelinye apho wamisa ixesha irekhodi bobukho lwabasebenzi emajukujukwini. iplanethi sele ogama lakhe behlonipha yakhe.

Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba nkqu moya ekwakukudala lilindelwe yokuqala kuba usomajukujuku lokugqibela - ubomi babuphakathi kwenyama nozipho. Oogqirha shrugged emagxeni abo yaye ungaqinisekanga ukuba uza kuphila. amathuba akhe zero. Kodwa cosmonaut phithi yiyo iimeko - George wavuka kunokuba ngokukhawuleza iinyawo zakhe waza waqhubeka ngokungathi kwenzeke nto ukulungiselela indiza elandelayo. Wayengakwazi ngokukhawuleza ukushiya ugqatso, kuba kwakuthetha ukuba ulahlekelwe. Kodwa isiphelo livavanye ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba ihlala ngusomajukujuku. Ngokuphindaphindiweyo uqhoqhoqho, saphantse wabulawa iimbumbulu lutshaba, waziqhekeza phezu isithuthuthu waza wabamba umlilo ngoxa kwisikhululo emajukujukwini. Kodwa, naphezu kwayo yonke le nto, Georgy Grechko akazange nethemba nokholo ngendlela engcono. Wayekholelwa rhoqo kwaye okholelwa inkwenkwezi nomgcini isithunywa sakhe, ngubani, phakathi amazwi cosmonaut, ngaphezu kwakanye wamsindisa.

usomajukujuku ebuntwaneni

Abaninzi kuthi ephupheni ebuntwaneni bayaphupha ukuba oosomajukujuku. Abaninzi, kodwa hayi Georgy Grechko. cosmonaut eSoviet ngubani nje akazange achaze ngokwayo xa ebe omdala - kwaye sompu, kwaye inqanawa, yaye umqhubi! Uthando emajukujukwini kuphela elivisayo beza kuye xa ufunda incwadi okuhamba omncane, ebhalwe umlobi yesayensi. Emva kwakhe, wagqiba ngokuba ngokwabo - ziya kuba ngusomajukujuku!

Georgy Grechko wazalwa ngo May 25, 1931 eLeningrad. Phambi kokuqala wegazi kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, kanye ezilishumi iintsuku, le nkwenkwana kuthunyelwa kubazali bakhe kunyokokhulu lakowayo, owayehlala Ukraine. Georgy wabuya ekhaya kuphela ngo-1943.

Ngokutsho imithombo ekhoyo, Grechko isidanga ngo-1949 kwisikolo Leningrad zasesekondari, emva koko wangeniswa Leningrad Mechanical Institute. Injineli mfana omnye wabo lava nga ni kunye nophuhliso enomjukujelwa elitsha, apho kamva wafakwa orbit Umhlaba Isathelayithi yokuqala eyenziwe ngumntu.

Kwaye oku nje ekuqaleni

Ukususela ngo-1966, Georgy Grechko liqela oosomajukujuku, apho usiwe uvavanyo lonyango lokuqala Korolyov. Kuba unobangela kuloyiso isithuba airless , wayekulungele ukuncama kakhulu: ekhaya, ulwazi, ixesha simahla, yaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwaye nobomi.

engqondweni benelungelo esibukhali kwaye olunzulu ulwazi ithiyori wadlala indima: Grechko lwaphembelela olilungu lepati wokuhlola polar, ibekwe kwi Kola Peninsula. Kwangaxeshanye, eqalisa ukuba enze imisebenzi wenjineli kwi Rocket and Space Corporation ogama emva S. P. koroleva. Kwaye ngo 1961 wamiselwa intloko zelo qela OKB - 1.

Grechko wayengomnye wabantu aba namandla ukwenza ngokusesikweni lokuqala-kuse ephakadeni esiluncedo ngumntu. Ukongeza, naye inxaxheba kumalungiselelo ukuthunyelwa kwisikhululo indawo kunye nezinye oomatshini ezininzi yemveliso Soviet.

flight sasekhaya

indiza yakhe yokuqala walinda iminyaka elishumi elinamine. waba uqhuba naye crazy ukulinda. iimvavanyo ezininzi kakhulu uzilungisile kwekamva.

Ngenye imini walibala ukuba babekho kwintlanganiso eya Sergeyu Korolevu waya iimovie. Lo mthetho iye yabangela zinganeziphumo ezibi kakhulu usomajukujuku - Grechko koko wakhanyela ibhabha. Ke wayefuna ukuba umisa inkonzo kunye noogqirha, kodwa yena wayekwazi ukuba baqinisekise ukuba qethe ogqibeleleyo. Emva kwexesha elithile, Grechko waphula umlenze wakhe. Waya ke, zikho ngayo, ngokudlulisela ezinye iingxaki.

Cosmonaut iyaqhubeka sihambile ukuba baqeqeshe, ukufumana imvume kwabasemagunyeni. Endaweni nje inyathelo ukususela ekuqaleni, ugqiba ukuba ashiye usapho, ndisazi ukuba uya ukubakhangelela isenzo enjalo oogxa bakhe iqela. Ekunye nomfazi wakhe wayefike ngexesha usengumfundi. Georgy Grechko wagqiba ekubeni silibazise kwaye sele ngomhla wokuqala intombazana wenza isithembiso. umfana okuqhubekekayo ezifana UNina. Ke kaloku, emva kwexesha elithile, baye ngokusesikweni ulwalamano lwabo. Xa umtshato, baba nonyana, apho isibini ekuthiwa uThemba, kunye Michael wazalwa neminyaka emine kamva, unyana omnci ka George noNina Grechko.

Nje ezimbalwa kwiiveki phambi kokuqala Georgy ngesiquphe wathi umfazi wakhe ukuba ugqiba ukumshiya omnye umfazi. Abaqashi ukuba azisuswanga sikhundla ngusomajukujuku. Grechko sele ebonisile ukuba yinjineli moya kakhulu, abarhola bahlonelwe zabaqeshi kunye noogxa. Uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubonakele ukuba unako uthembele kuye.

Moya kwenzeka phakathi kukaJanuwari 11 yaye ngoFebruwari 9, 1975 kwi isiphekepheke ogama "Soyuz-17".

Injongo yale umkhankaso wenza sifundo ilanga. Kodwa teleskopu, apho ngelo xesha elinye kwisikhululo Salyut-4 yakhiwa, usilele, kwaye oosomajukujuku boMhlaba umyalelo: ukuba angamchukumisi isixhobo alusebenzi. Kodwa Georgy Mikhailovich sele wafuna ukuba ubukelwe yaqalisa iphele. Ukuze ukumnceda bafikelele yeSkrini eqhelekileyo, leyo ngokubanzi kusetyenziswa amayeza. Dibanisa kwi teleskopu, wakwazi ukumisela ziindleko. kwaoko nabo waphawula ubuchule Grechko.

Kuba oosomajukujuku flying kubhetele kakhulu kunangaphambili. Kubo babengazi ukuba yintoni kweli hlabathi baya kuhlangana umoya squally onamandla nekhephu, leyo uya kukuzisela inkathazo. Inqanawa uyawa emhlabeni ngesantya breakneck. Kwaye ngoku lixesha lokuba ukuvula iparashute ... Kodwa akazange abayityhilela. Oosomajukujuku babelinde ukuba uza kufa. Kodwa ukushaya umhlaba ayizange yenzeke. Le philisi ke kukunyikimiswa emacaleni ngumoya. Malunga iwaka iimitha kubo akrwiqilizwe, waphembelela emhlabeni.

Abaphandi ke kwabuchaphazela. Grechko waphuka unyawo lwakhe lwasekunene, Gubarev wafumana ukonzakala okukhulu lialio. cosmonaut yiSoviet ngexesha uhambo lwakhe zange Sahlukana ikhamera yevidiyo. Sibe nethamsanqa ukuba babe nethuba lokuba ubukele le hambo esisodwa ngokusebenzisa imifanekiso eyenziwe Grechko isithuba airless.

Lo moya yesibini

Yena upasisiwe a cosmonaut Russian ukususela kuDisemba 1977 ukuya kuMatshi 1978 isiphekepheke ogama "Soyuz-26".

Lo moya kwakhona kwaba nzima ukuba ngusomajukujuku. Grechko wafunda yokugula kakhulu uyise kwiveki phambi kokuqala, xa kwenziwa amalungiselelo ukulungiselela hambo lwesibini. Kokuba asiwe esibhedlele zikwimeko embi. Unyana Sasiya waba moya izakhono, kunye Michael F. ngokuphelele oku. Kwisithuba senyanga, Grechko alikawufumani nakanjani akukho iindaba malunga nemeko kayise. Kodwa January 10, weza 1978 inqanawa iindaba ukufa Georgy Mikhailovich. Inye kuphela ke akasoze abathethelele mna - elingazange liye ixesha kuthi ndlela-ntle kayise ngexesha lokugqibela.

Life uye waziva ngokuphindaphindiweyo amandla ayo, ukuthumela iimvavanyo ngakumbi nangakumbi. Kodwa nayiphi na imeko, nokuba mhlawumbi, Georgy Grechko zama ukuncuma kwaye nehlombe.

Lo moya yesithathu

moya yokugqibela yobomi bakhe azigubungela ixesha ukususela-17 ukuya kowama-26 Septemba 1985. Eli qela wenza i uhambo kwi isiphekepheke ebizwa ngokuba "Soyuz-14".

Lo moya wafumanisa ukuba iyunithi ngaphandle naziphi na iziganeko. Xa kwimbali astronautics Grechko Georgy waba eyaziwa ngokuba ngumphandi endala, owayekade ukujikeleza. Le Isihloko wayebambe kumana minyaka ilishumi izayo, de indawo yayo asithatyathwa Strekalov.

usapho

Umfazi wakhe wokuqala, usomajukujuku wadibana ngexesha kwiminyaka yakhe umfundi. Xa umtshato, esi sibini ebenoonyana ababini amahle - Alex Michael. Ekunye nomfazi wakhe wesibini, Lyudmila mfazi ebukekayo adibana e Tashkent ekwindla ka-1985 ngexesha nendawo yenkomfa. Lyudmila wayenabantwana ababini abancinane besuka umtshato wakhe wokuqala, lowo wamthabatha waseGeorge njengoko noyise wakhe.

neminye imisebenzi

Akwenzeki ukuba ngoyaba, kunye nezinye iinkonzo ngusomajukujuku. Grechko ixesha elide kakhulu wakhokelela inkqubo kamabonakude i "Fantastic World". Kwakhona, wathi wawongwa ngesidanga Doctor of Science. Yena wawongwa inani iimbasa kunye amabhaso umsebenzi valorous kunye yenkonzo yokuzinikezela ezilungileyo lamazwana, nguye ophumeleleyo yesahlulo lakwaEfrayim. Bambalwa abantu bazi ukuba Georgy, phakathi kwezinye izinto, naye umhambi, emva apho inani elininzi yeemanyano zobuntlola eyaziwa kancinane, yamandulo iindawo indoda iplanethi yethu. Ngoko ke phambi kwethu indoda emangalisayo, injineli brilliant and cosmonaut - Georgy Grechko.

isiphelo

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ikhaya ukuya cosmonaut odumileyo eMoscow. Grechko kunye nomkakhe noonyana bakhe ababini omdala uhlala kumbindi wesixeko kunye isebenza njengoko vice mongameli Kucelwe Bank.

Kangangexesha elide uyazibuza kanjani igama umhlaba, wayifumana naxa ibhabha yakhe yokuqala. Ekugqibeleni yabizwa ngokuba wokuwonga elaa discoverer. Grechko, ngaloo ndlela, ushiye uphawu wayo nje kuphela eMhlabeni, kodwa kwisithuba enkulu.