Blackcurrant black Vologda: inkcazelo eyahlukileyo, ukunakekelwa, umveliso kunye nokuphononongwa

Mhlawumbi ukuziqhenya kwanoma yimuphi umyezo wegadi, uninzi lwezityalo kunye nezityalo zeberry kwiziko. Mhlawumbi, bonke ubuncinane bazama ukukhula i-currant emnyama kwintsimi yakhe. Enye yezona zityalo ezintle zibhekwa njenge-black currant iintlobo zeVologda. Kubusika-obuqinileyo, ukuxhathisa kwizifo ezininzi kunye neentlanzi. Kwaye i-flagrance kunye nefumba leqhamo lingenakulinganiswa! Makhe sithethe malunga nendlela yokukhula i-currant emnyama iVologda, indlela yokunyamekela ngayo nendlela yokuphumeza isivuno esiphezulu!

Ukuziqhenya kokuzaliswa kwekhaya

UVologda ubizwa ngale ndlela - ukuziqhenya kwabafaki basekhaya. Olu luhlu lufunyenwe ngenxa yokuwela kweentlobo ezimbini - i-Bredtorp kunye neCompact kwi-All-Russian Selection kunye neNkampani yeThekhinoloji. Ababhali be-currant emnyama iVologda yi-Zarubin kunye ne-VM Litvinova.

Unyaka ka-1995 ubhalwe yinto yokuba iVologda ibandakanywe kwiRejista kaRhulumente yeentlobo ezivunyelwe ukusetyenziswa kwimimandla emihlanu yaseRashiya - iNyakatho-Western, iVolga-Vyatka, iPentral, i-Middle Volga neMpuma Ekude.

I-currant emnyama iVologda: inkcazo

Olu luhlu luye lwahluke ngqabunga olusasazekayo, oluphakama lwakhe lufikelela kwimitha eyi-1.5. Izihluma ze-currant zinamandla kwaye zichanekile. Amagqabantshintshi anemibala eluhlaza, eninzi. Kulo nxalenye yesebe kukho iibrashi ezilishumi ezilishumi, kuzo zonke zazo-ukuya kuma-berries angama-14 aqhumisayo! Ubunzima bomntwana omnye buhluka ukusuka kwi-1.4 ukuya kwi-3 g. Ukuveliswa kweziqhamo ze-currant emnyama iVologda ngexesha eligqithiseleyo aliyi kuqubuka, kodwa lingaqhambuka. Ngendlela, iigrimu ezili-100 zeeriteji ezivuthiweyo zi malunga ne-140 mg ye-vitamin C! Izityalo zinomlinganiselo wokunambitha kakhulu - amanqaku ama-4.5 kwinqanaba elinguhlanu.

Inzuzo yeVologda

Inzuzo ephambili ye-currant yale ndidi i-immunity. Ivumela iVologda ukuba ivumelane neemeko zemozulu malunga nayo yonke indawo yelizwe. Ukongezelela, le shrubbery inobungozi obuhle busika, ithatha amaqondo ashushu ukuya kuma-30 degrees! Olunye uncedo lwama-blackberry e-blackberry Vologda - isivuno: ukusuka kwisiqithi esinye unako ukuqokelela ubuncinane i-3-4 kg yeziqhamo ezimangalisayo kunye ne-dessert ukunambitha. Amajikijolo asemhlabeni wonke - angadliwa kuphela, kwaye unokwenza iibhola kunye newayini. Kwaye iindidi ezichasene ne-kidney mite kunye ne-powdery mildew.

Iingxaki zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo

Nangona zonke iingenelo, iVologda ineenxalenye ezingapheliyo. Ezi ziquka iziphene ezilandelayo:

• Iibhereji zivuthwa ngaphandle kwexesha kwaye zingenalo;
• Xa ngaphezulu, iziqhamo ziyaqhekeza ngamandla;
• Ngokuqhelekileyo isiqithi siyaba sisasazeka-nangona sithengwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Ukukhethwa kwezityalo

Inkcazo yeentlobo ze-currant emnyama iVologda oyenayo? Ngaba unqume ukuyibeka kwindawo yakho? Ukukhethwa kwezityalo kufuneka kuhanjiswe ngokufanelekileyo ngokusemandleni akho! Kufanelekile ukunikela ngokukhetha izityalo ze-biennial. Kuyafaneleka kwaye kunyaka, nangona kunjalo, kunye nemeko eyodwa - ukudubula kufuneka kube nenkqubo eqinileyo eneengcambu - 2-3 iingcambu ezinobungqingili kunye ne-rootlets ezinjengezintambo. Qaphela - ubude bepropus kufuneka bube ubuncinane ubuncinane be-15 cm. Ngendlela, umbala wayo ubalulekile: umbala omnyama kakhulu ubonisa ukuba ukudubula kwakuphelile okanye kukhwankqiswe. Kungcono ukhethe isityalo ngeengcambu ezimnyama.

Isityalo esinempilo asikho iimpawu zokubilisa, akufuneki kubekho amabala kunye namaqanda kumagqabi kunye neentso.

Ukukhetha indawo kunye nexesha lokufika

I-currant ebomvu iVologda ikhetha iindawo eziphantsi. Ngomthunzi ofanayo kufuneka ube phezulu kakhulu! Kubalulekile ukukhetha indawo phantsi kwelanga, ngaphandle kwesityalo kufuneka kukhuselwe emoyeni. Ngendlela, abalimi bahlala bebeka iVologda ecaleni kocingo.

Inkqubo ye-currant yale mveliso ayinayo ixesha lokuphumla, oko kukuthi, ebusika i-shrub iya kuba nexesha lokuthatha ingcambu, kwaye entwasahlobo iya kuqala ukukhula ngamandla! Ngoko ke, ukulima izithombo zeVologda ekupheleni kukaSeptemba-Oktobha, malunga neenyanga ngaphambi kokuba kubanda. Ukuba iimali zokugqibela zilahlekile, i-currant emnyama kufuneka ityalwe ekuqaleni kwe-Epreli, ngaphambi kokuba iintso ziqale ukuhluma.

Ukutyala kweVologda: imiyalelo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo

Ukuze izityalo zibe neengcambu, zikhule kakuhle kwaye zizise isityalo esikhulu, kubalulekile ukugcina imithetho ethile yokubatshala emhlabeni.

1. Indawo ekhethiweyo i-currant kufuneka iguqulwe ngokupheleleyo, isuse i-debris kunye nokhula. Le shrub ayinyamezeli umhlabathi we-acidity ephezulu, ngoko ke, ukuba ingxaki enjalo, kubalulekile ukuzisa i-lime emhlabathini-i-kilogram yesiqingatha nganye imitha. M.
2. Ubunzulu bomgodi wokuhlawulela kufuneka ube malunga no-40 cm, kwaye ububanzi - 60 cm.
3. Ngezantsi lomgodi olungiselelwe, kufuneka utyhale iibhakethi ze-compost ezi-0.5, ngokunjalo nomgquba oye waqala kwakhona. Olu hlobo lokugqibela lunokutshintshwa ngutyuli: 20 grams we potassium, 200 amagremu we-superphosphate kunye ne-40 grams ye-phosphorus.
4. Emva koko umgodi kufuneka uphuzise ngokubanzi.
5. Ukusinda kufuneka kufakwe emgodini kwinqanaba lama-45 degrees, kwandise inkqubo yayo. I-slope enjalo iya kwenza ukuba kubekho ihlathi elomeleleyo.
6. Abagadi beligadi bacebisa ukuba bafefe iVologda kunye nomhlaba kwaye bahluthe kancane.
7. Ngaphantsi kwehlathi elinyelweyo, kufuneka uchithele ngokucokisekileyo amanzi amathathu okanye ezine.
8. Ngokukhawuleza emva kokutshala, isiqithi kufuneka sinqunywe. Ukuba ipropus iqinile, unokunqumla isithathu, ukuba iingcambu zibuthakathaka, uze uthathe isiqingatha. Oku kuya kunika inzuzo entle kunyaka wokuqala.
9. Ukuze isityalo singaboni, sijikeleze isiqithi kubalulekile ukuba senze umthombo, odibeneyo-ngotshani obomileyo, i-peat okanye i-sawdust.

Inkcazo yokunyamekelwa kwehlathi

Abagadi bezolimo bayazi ukuba ukukhulisa isityalo esomeleleyo kwaye siphume kakuhle, kufuneka sinike inkxaso ngoncedo.

Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, i-currant emnyama iVologda (inkcazo yeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ichazwe ngentla) kufuneka igcwaliswe ngeshahla eshushu. Akunzima ukwenza oku, kodwa iingeniso zalo mgaqo azikwazi ukugqithiswa: zonke iinambuzane ezithe zinyuka kwihlathi ziya kufa ngokukhawuleza. Kwibhakethi yamanzi kwiqondo lokushisa lama-degrees angama-70, engeza ama-250 g we-baking soda uze uthule isityalo kakuhle.

Ngokubanzi, ngamanzi avela kwi-currant ubuhlobo obukhethekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuphuhlisa izityalo. Elinye iqela liya kufuna malunga neekitha ezingama-50 zamanzi. Ukunisela iVologda kuyimfuneko kakhulu, kodwa amanzi kufuneka adlule kwi-30-40 cm.

Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokunwa:

1. Ukunkcenkceshwa ngokufafaza yinto eqhelekileyo yokunkcenkceshela. Kodwa inomda omkhulu: umhlaba uhlanganiswe kwaye uthatha umswakama ungenalo.
2. Umamkeli wamatye ulungele ngakumbi. Yilungiselele lula: i-root root is required to dig deep hole 40 cm, igcwalise nge-rubble ukuya phezulu. Emva kokuba kutyilwe nganye kubalulekile ukugubungela umgodi nge-ruberoid. Ngoko amanzi afika ngokukhawuleza "kwindawo".

Umhlaba kufuphi neVologda ulandela ngexesha elide ukukhulula, ukhula. Kufanelekile ukuwuzalisa ngomthi womthi, kwaye ubeke umgca ophantsi we-compost phezulu. Oku kuza kusindisa iintlekele, ukhula lwokhula kwaye luya kusindisa umswakama.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Iindidi ezininzi ze-currant emnyama iVologda idinga ukufakwa kwezichumisi. Isixa esaneleyo sezondlo siza kubangela ukuba iziqhamo ziya kuba zincinci kwaye zincinci, kwaye isivuno siya kuncipha kakhulu. Iifomfle ezenziwe ngexesha lokutyala ziya kuhlala kuphela iminyaka embalwa. Ukuqala ukususela kunyaka wesithathu, iVologda idinga ukondliwa. Kunokuba uvelise esi sityalo?

1. Izichumisi zemizuzu kufuneka zongezwe zonke iwa. Kwi square 1. M uya kufuna 30 grams of phosphorus kunye ne-nitrogen fertilizer, 15 g we potashi.
2. Izichumiso ze-Organic nazo zenziwa ngekwindla, emva kokuphela kweqabunga. Kwi square 1. M kuya kuthatha u-2-3 kg wee-fertilizer ezongezelelweyo.
3. Izichumiso ze-phosphate-potassium zifuneka ngokukhawuleza emva kokugquma kwe-currant.
4. Kwi-nitrogen fertilizer, iVologda idinga kathathu ngonyaka - ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba ikhephu iyancibilika, ngexesha leentyantyambo kunye nangoko emva kokucoca amajikijolo.

Ukusika imithetho yee currants

Ukuqulunqwa kwe-Shrub kunye nokucoca ukucoceka ngamanzi kuyimilinganiselo ebalulekileyo kunakekelo lwezityalo. Kufuneka uchithe rhoqo ngonyaka. Uyazi ukuba i-pruning yokuqala ye-currant iindidi ze-Vologda zenziwa ngokukhawuleza emva kokutshala ihlathi.

Ukususela kunyaka wesithathu, kufuneka ususe amagatsha amadala. Ukuzichonga ngokucacileyo - zinzima kakhulu kwaye zininzi kunezihluma ezincinane. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukulawula inani lamasebe amatsha: kwinqaba elidala kufuneka libe li-13-15.

Ukuhluma amahlumela endala, thobela iimeko zamasebe kunye nezintso - ezibuthathaka kunye nezibuthakathaka kungcono ukususa! Ngendlela, kufuneka unqume loo mahlumela, iintso apho zikhukhumele khona, kuba luphawu lwesifo sezintso.

Izilwanyana nezifo

Ukuba iindawo ezincinci ezibomvu zivela kumaqabunga e-currant, kwaye emva koko iqabunga limile kwaye liwa, oku kungaba ngumqondiso we-anthracnose. Ngaphambi kokuba ihluma ihluma ifunekayo ukucoca isityalo kunye ne-Bordeaux liquid. Iilitha ezili-10 zamanzi ziza kufuna igrama ezili-100 zokwakheka.

Imibala ephuzi, eyenziwa kwii-ovari, iintyatyambo kunye namaqabunga eVologda, zithetha nge-rust rust. Kule meko, kufuneka uhlambele iifesi kunye ne-Bordeaux utywala kathathu-ngexesha lokuvulwa kwamaqabunga, ukubunjwa kwemifuno kunye nangoko emva kweentyantyambo. Ukuba isilonda sinzima kakhulu, iintsuku ezili-10 emva kokunyangwa kokugqibela, kufuneka ubambe enye.

Isimpawu se-kidney mite sisibonakaliso esibonakalayo sezintso. Ngeke kwenzeke ukulahla inkathazo ngoncedo lweemichiza zamakhemikhali. Amasebe aneentso ezichaphazelekayo kufuneka anqunywe aze atshiswe. Xa kunentsholongwane ekhuselekileyo, isiqithi sonke kufuneka sitshabalalise.

I-Glass ishiya amaqabunga, iintyatyambo kunye namajikijolo omnyama omnyama owenziwe ngumonakalo. Ungayilahla emva kokuhluma kwebhodi. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka nje ucofe iVologda ngesisombululo somhlonyane, i-anic husks okanye iinaliti!

Ukuvuna nokugcina izityalo

I-currant emnyama iVologda luhlobo lokukhula kade. Iintyatyambo zeziqhamo ziqala kwisiqingatha sesibini seMeyi, kodwa ukuvuthwa kweziqhamo kubakho rhoqo ekupheleni kukaJulayi-Agasti. Ukushisa kwegumbi akuvumeli ukugcina izityalo iintsuku ezimbini. Emva kokuba amajikijolo avule. Ungasindisa njani isivuno esivunyiweyo?

Kukho ukhetho oluninzi: unokwenza i-currants iphofele, uyomise, ususe ityhukela okanye upheke jam ngaphandle kwayo. Kuzo zonke iimeko, i-currant iintlobo zeVologda ziza kugcina izinto ezincedo.

Iziqhamo ezomileyo kwihovini, ubushushu bube ngama-45 degrees. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba amajikijolo athambile kwaye ahlambuluke, iqondo lokushisa kufuneka likhuphuke libe ngama-80 degrees. Ngokumiswa kweevenkile ezivulwe ngokukhawuleza kweevenkile kuya kuthatha iiyure ezintathu.

Amajikijolo atyhidiweyo angagcinwa kwiinyanga eziliqela. Ukuze benze oku, kufuneka bahlambuluke, bome, bafefe ngqongqothela olukhulu lwesitya kwaye bafaka efrijini. Emva kweeyure ezimbalwa, kufuneka ufumane amajikijolo, uwafake kwiibhotile uze uwabuyisele.

Izinhlobo ze-currant ezimnyama zeVologda: ukuphononongwa kwabalimi

Iingcali kunye nabaxhamli bacebisa le ngqungquthela kulabo abangafuni ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kunye nokunyamekela isityalo. I-Vologda ithatha ingcambu kuyo nayiphi na imeko, kwaye isimiso sakhe sokuzivikela sikwenza ukuba ujonge iziqhamo ezinonophelo ngaphandle komgudu omkhulu.

Ngendlela, abaninzi abalimi bayavuma ukuba batyale iVologda kwiqhinga labo njenge-shrub yokuhlobisa. Oku kunentsingiselo ethile: amaqatha amnyama amaninzi adluliselwa elangeni, amahle kunye namahlamvu e-currant aqoshiwe.

Ukuba ukholelwa ukuhlolwa malunga ne-currant emnyama, iVologda inekhono elihle lokuzala. Amahlumela amancinci alula nje ukuba athathe ingcambu, kodwa ayenzi zityalo.