Bond njengenye yeentlobo zokhuseleko

Enye yemisebenzi ephambili kwanoma yiphina inqabiseko kukubonelela ngenzuzo kumnini wayo, osebenza ngokupheleleyo kwiimbopheleleko. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela umnini-mboleko ofumana ngayo imali, umkhonkco unokuba yi-coupon okanye isaphulelo. Ibhondi ibonakale kwiimakethe zokhuseleko, njengephepha, apho ikhonkco iqhotyoshelweyo khona, apho ipesenti yomvuno kunye nomhla wokufunyanwa kubonisiwe. Emva koko, ngosuku oluthile, umninimzi wathola imali kwi-bond, kwaye iqhosha lacinywa.

Ngoko, isibophelelo sokubambisa sikhuseleko se -zero-coupon, kuba asibeki isantya sokubuyela. Umnikazi wale nkhuseleko uyithenga ngexabiso elingaphantsi kwexabiso lomntu kwaye ufumana inzuzo evela kwisaphulelo, oko kukuthi, ngokwahlukileyo. Iimakethe zaseRashiya zisetyenziswa ngokugqithiseleyo olu hlobo lwesibhondi. Umzekelo oqhelekileyo we-bond bond isiso sikarhulumente sexeshana elifutshane elifutshane, elithengiswa kwiintengiso kwixabiso elingafani nexabiso elikhethiweyo kwicala eliphantsi.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa kukhutshwa isibophelelo, umnikezeli ubeka inani elithile lobume bezokhuseleko kunye nesantya sokubuyela kwipesenti. Iqhosha lekhonkco lisoloko linomyinge onomdla, oboniswe kwibophelelo ngokwawo. Ngethuba lonke ixesha lokujikeleza kwalo, lifumana inzuzo engenasigxina. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuseka isantya semingalo enjalo kuphela xa imeko yezoqoqosho kwilizwe izinzile, xa amaxabiso kunye namaxabiso ahlala engatshintshiyo. Ngaphandle koko, isantya esinqununu somdla siquka umngcipheko omkhulu kumkhupheli. Ukuba izinga lokunciphisa inzala liyancipha, uya kuhlawula umvuzo ngenani elinqunywe ngexesha lokukhutshwa.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abakhuphayo bafumene indlela efanelekileyo yokuphuma kule meko. Baqala ukukhupha izibambiso kunye namaxabiso athambileyo. Iimbopheleleko ezinjalo zazisasazeka kakhulu eMelika kuma-80s, xa umgangatho wokubeka amazinga amanqanaba aphezulu kunye nokutshintshwa kwabo rhoqo kubonakala. Kuba iinkampani zazinenzuzo yokukhupha izibophelelo ngenani lentengo eguquguqukayo, eyayibophelelwe kwisibonakaliso esithile, leyo leyo yabonisa imeko kwiimarike zemali ngokwenene. Ngokuqhelekileyo loo ndlela isalathisi sivuno kwiinyanga-ezintathu zenyanga. Xa i-bond yaqaliswa, isantya somyinge omnye wasetwa, emva koko emva kweenyanga ezintathu, le ntlawulo yatshintshwa ngokuxhomekeka kwisivuno kwiimali. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isantya sobondlo sinamalungu amabini: inzala yomyinge kwi-bill bill kunye ne-premium yengozi ye-0.5%.

Ukuba ukhangele imeko kwintengiso yeRashiya yemali, umzekelo oqhelekileyo wokubanjiswa kwezinga lokubambisa iibhondi zemali-mboleko ezinomdaka ochaphazelekayo, okanye izibophelelo zemali mboleko. Isivuno salo mva sithembele ngqo kwisivuno kwi-GKOs. Iintlawulo kwiibhonkco zibophelelo ngezikhathi, kuxhomekeka kwiimeko ezimiselwe ekukhutshweni kwebhondi, ingeniso kuwo ingafumaneka emva kwekota, isiqingatha sonyaka okanye unyaka.

Ngamanye amaxesha i-bond iya kukhutshwa ngekhuphoni apho inzala ebhalisiweyo ibhalisiwe, kunye nekhuseleko lithengiswa kwisaphulelo. Emva koko umninimzi ufumana inzuzo kwilokhuseleko "ngokuphindaphindiweyo": uneentlawulo zekhuphoni eziqhelekileyo, kwaye xa uhlawulela ufumana ingeniso eyongezelelweyo.

Ekugqibeleni, ndingathanda ukukhankanya iphepha elinjalo njengebhondi efanelekileyo. Siya kuzama ukumnika ingcaciso. Ubhonkco bolu hlobo luzisa imali kuphela xa iqumrhu linenzuzo. Akukho ntlawulo, akukho nzuzo. Ubhonkco obunokufumana imali bube lula okanye buninzi. Kwi-bond elula kwiminyaka edluleyo, ingeniso "engenakuthola" ayihlawulwa, nangona kwixesha elilandelayo le nkampani ifumana inzuzo ephezulu. Kodwa kwi-bond bond bonds iqokelelwe kwaye ihlawulwe ngokukhawuleza. Ixesha lokuqokelela ngokuqhelekileyo lidlulileyo kwiminyaka emithathu. Ngokwemvelo, xa inkampani ichithwa, izibophelelo eziqokelelweyo ziphezulu kakhulu kuneempahla eziqhelekileyo kunye nezibophelelo ezilula.