Congestive optic idiskhi: oonobangela, iimpawu kunye neempawu unyango

Izigulane ezininzi emva kotyelelo kwiofisi zamehlo xa ujongene une "optic idiskhi congestive." Eli binzana akucacanga kusoloko yintoni ebangela izigulane ukuba bafune ulwazi olongezelelweyo. Yintoni sikhatshwa ukwimeko enjalo, yaye yintoni igcwele iingxaki? Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ekuma? Ukunika amayeza namhlanje nje unyango?

Yintoni zokugula?

Okokuqala, makhe ukumelana intsingiselo kota. Asinguye wonke umntu uyazi ukuba eneneni uxilongo ibandakanya ukudumba. Nda- wonye optic idiskhi - ngezifo leyo lukhatshwa nokudumba ukubonakala kwayo sinxulumana inkqubo komtshiso oko.

Le meko ayikho sisifo elizimeleyo. Ukudumba kwiimeko ezininzi inxulunyaniswa ukwanda ziqhubeke koxinzelelo intracranial. Le ngxaki bajongene nje kuphela ebudaleni - sivame ukuxilongwa optic congestive disc kwi umntwana. le ngezifo sichaphazela ngokwendalo umbono ukuba lunganyangwa, kungakhokelela ekubeni luvo yoma nokungaboni. Nokudumba ingaba macala onke, kodwa, ngokutsho amaphononongo manani, isifo ngokuqhelekileyo ichaphazela amehlo omabini ngexesha elinye.

Congestive optic disc: Oonobangela

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukudumba ukuvela imvelaphi kongeza uxinzelelo intracranial. Kwaye izizathu oku kuba mininzi:

• Malunga nama-60-70% amatyala congestive disk optic ngenxa yobukho ithumba ebuchotsheni. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akakwazi ukufumanisa ukuba kukho ubudlelwane phakathi ubungakanani yamathumba kunye ukubonakala sivakale sidumbile. Kwelinye icala, kwakusazeka ukuba ukusondela sine ithumba ingqondo, ngakumbi ngokukhawuleza ibunjiwe iqhubeka disk amileyo.
• Ukudumba inwebu yobuchopho (ingakumbi meningitis) nako ukubangela ngezifo.
• ubungozi iquka ukuyilwa ithumba.
• disk amileyo basenokuba ngenxa yokwenzakala kwengqondo traumatic okanye ukopha ventricles nobuchopho kwithishyu.
• A zoxilongo efanayo wambi kuvandlakanywa hydrocephalus (imeko apho sikhatshwa ukuphazamiseka nencindi yesiqhelo ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal kunye nokwanda yayo ventricles).
• Bubukho esiqwini nokudumba kubangela imiyalezo atriovenoznyh uncharacteristic phakathi iimpahla.
• Ngokufuthi unobangela kokoma le-luvo optic zezi cysts, kwakunye nezinye imfundo, ngokuthe ngcembe kwandisa ubukhulu.
• ngezifo ngolo ukuphuhlisa kwi imvelaphi thrombosis, ukuqinisekisa igazi kwegazi ebuchotsheni.
• Kuba kwezinye izinto kunokwenzeka ziquka isifo seswekile, lwegazi kunye nezinye izifo ezondeleyo ekugqibeleni kukhokelela pathways kunye hypoxic inyama ukonakala kwengqondo.

Enyanisweni, kubalulekile kakhulu ngexesha loxilongo kukuqinisekisa unobangela ekweneni luvo optic, njengoko kuchaphazela inkqubo unyango kunye nokufunyanwa isigulane ngokukhawuleza.

Iimpawu Iimpawu zonyango kunye kwegazi

Kakade ke, uluhlu iimpawu - le nto kubalulekile ukufunda. Ngapha koko, le kungekudala kuya kubonakala ukuba kukwaphula ethile, i ngokukhawuleza isigulane ukubona ugqirha. Ngoko nangoko ke kufuneka wathi phambi kwale ngezifo mbono eqhelekileyo ukuba igcinwe, yaye ixesha elide. Kodwa izigulane ezininzi ngaxeshanye ezikhala yintloko yomhla nezolo.

Kuba disc optic congestive ephawuleka maxongo elibukhali yombono, kuquka ziimfama. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oko nje elifutshane, yaye ke ngoko zonke ngexesha ekubuyeleni esiqhelweni. Esi simo ngenxa spasm kwemithambo yegazi - ucingisise imizwa kuphinda bafumane izondlo neoksijini. Kwezinye izigulane, aba "ehlasela" zenzeka manqaphanqapha, ezinye izigulana abacombululi phantse yonke imihla. Akubuzwa indlela yingozi kunokuba kakhulu ezizayo ubumfama, ingakumbi xa ngelo xesha lo mntu uqhuba imoto, ukunqumla esitratweni, ukusebenza kunye nezixhobo eziyingozi.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, inkqubo ezichaphazelekayo retina, nto leyo sikhatshwa ukuhla okubonakalayo endle olubonakalayo. Ngosuku loviwo, fundus ugqirha uqaphele hemorrhages ezincinane zenzeka ngenxa ukuphazamiseka yegazi kwi zezakhiwo analyzer optic. Phambi ezi mpawu kuwe ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka kufuneka ubone ugqirha.

Amanqanaba yophuhliso sifo

Customary yokwahlukanisa izigaba ezininzi zophuhliso leengxaki:

• Ngelo isanda hyperemia waphawula diski, licuthe abancinane kwemithambo ngemithambo crimping.
• sigaba wabonisa - ndawonye ukunyuka optic disc ubukhulu, kuvela ngeenxa hemorrhages ezincinane.
• On kwisigaba ngokukhawuleza we disc wenzakele prominiruet kummandla vitreous, kukho utshintsho kwi macular.
• Oku kulandelwa nqanaba yoma, apho idiski atshabalalisa kwaye ufumana umbala emdaka hina. Yaba ngeli xesha kwaye ziqala ukuba kuvela iingxaki umbono wayo. Okokuqala, kukho ukulahleka kwenxalenye uze ngokupheleleyo umbono.

Isanda kwesifo kunye neempawu zayo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, umguli kwaye onogada ubukho ingxaki, njengoko abathile wavakalisa Kukwaphula nje ayifumaneki nisaqala sifo. Ngeli xesha, ukufumanisa iingxaki kunokwenzeka - ngokuqhelekileyo oko eyenzeka ngengozi ngexesha loviwo routine iliso.

Akwazi adumbe kwaye kwandisa ubukhulu, baye ezinemiphetho akuboni kwaye ngenisa indawo umzimba vitreous. Malunga nama-20% yezigulane kwi ubume yegazi amancinci shwaka. Nangona yokunqongophala iimpawu ezibonakalayo, iretina nayo ekuqaleni ukudumba.

Kwenzeka ntoni kwi kuphuhliso ngakumbi esi sifo?

Ukuba lunganyangwa, sele ezinye iimpawu kuyabonakala. Zeziphi iingxaki ezibangela optic disc congestive? Iimpawu umhle isici. Izigulane ngokuthe liyehla acuity olubonakalayo. Ukwandiswa kwemida ingabonwa ngexesha uphando le ndawo eyimfama.

Ngakumbi Ukuphuhlisa ukuxinana ngemithambo kunye neengxaki yokujikeleza, njengokuba usazi, ichaphazela luvo optic. Ekweneni ukunyuka disc. Isifo singaqhubela kwisigaba ezigulo ezondeleyo. Kweli nqanaba, i acuity ezibonwayo uyaphuculwa, ngoko tsakisi kabukhali. Kuyenzeka ukuba sigcine licuthe intsimi eziqhelekileyo ngayo.

iindlela Modern loxilongo

Congestive optic idiskhi - sisifo axilonge zamehlo, njengokuba uviwo yokuqinisekisa ngenyameko ibe ingcali nga ivumba nempuku. Kodwa ekubeni le ngezifo lu dityanisiwe nezifo e-nervous system, unyango yenziwa luvo okanye neurosurgeon.

Ubukho nokudumba kungenziwa ngokuchanekileyo kumiselwa retinotomografii. Kwixesha elizayo phantsi uphando, injongo - ukumisela iqondo ukudumba uze uchonge ingcambu ngonobangela sifo. Ukuze benze oku, isigulane sithunyelwa kwi iimviwo ultrasound le-luvo optic. Kwixesha elizayo kuqhutywa iimviwo X-ray, yaba lukakayi, Itomography ayinakubalwa nezibonwa namathelwano Itomography.

Congestive optic idiskhi: unyango

Ngoko nangoko ke paha ukuba unyango ixhomekeke unobangela uphuhliso, khon 'ukuze aphathe kuyimfuneko, kuqala kwiinto zonke, isifo zaseprayimari. Umzekelo, izigulane meningitis ukumisela (nokubola, antiviral) amachiza afanelekileyo antibacterial. Hydrocephalus kufuneka ukuqinisekisa ukusasazwa eqhelekileyo ulwelo fluid, njalo njalo. D.

Ukongeza, optic idiskhi amileyo ifuna unyango yesondlo iyaluthintela uphuhliso yoma eziziisekondari. Ukuze uqale emzimbeni kuliwa, ebonisa engamanzi abangaphezu kwemfuneko kunye kunciphisa nokudumba. Izigulane nazo ilawulwa vasodilators ezenza kube yinto igazi lihambe izihlunu luvo, iiseli ngokubonelela imali efunekayo oksijini kunye nezondlo. Le yinxalenye unyango, wamkele izinto pathways ukuba ukuphucula nokugcina ukutya neuronal, ukubonelela ukusebenza yesiqhelo luvo optic.

Ngoxa imbangela ephambili optic idiskhi congestive liyalahleka - umsebenzi ngobuchopho ebonwayo returns analyzer eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa ke ukungabikho unyango kukhokelela ukugqiba ukulahleka umbono. Kungenxa yoko le nto kuyo nayiphi na imeko ukuba ungamshiyi unyango kunye nokungahoywa ngengcebiso kagqirha.

Ngaba kukho amanyathelo othintelo?

Ngoko nangoko ke kufuneka athi, ayikho amanye amachiza ezithile okanye iiarhente ezinokuthi iyaluthintela uphuhliso sifo. Ekuphela kwento ukuncoma noogqirha - iimviwo rhoqo lokunqanda yi zamehlo. Kakade ke, ufanele ukuphephe iimeko ezisongela nokulimala kobuchopho.

Zonke izifo ezosulelayo kunye ukudumba, ingakumbi kwimeko izitshanguba e-nervous system, qiniseka ukuba ukuphathwa, kwaye unyango akupheli de ukumimitheka ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni. Ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukwaphulwa okanye isiganeko iimpawu ixhala kufuneka ukubona zamehlo okanye luvo.