Coprinus (mushroom) ukwenzela butywala: ncomo

Ngundo beetle (koprinus) - a sodidi lwentsapho fungi champignon. Uye kwaziwa ukususela ngenkulungwane XVIII, nakuba kungaba sodidi eyahlukileyo eyedwa kuphela ekuqaleni XX. Okwangoku beetle langoku - ngundo, okuye 25 iintlobo. Inxalenye ephambili kubo ngobubi ngenxa yokungabikho bobuqili yintlama, ezinye koprinusa enetyhefu.

Sika off eselula iintlobo ezityiwayo na izimuncumuncu emangalisayo. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba uziphekela amazwe (Czech Republic, France, Finland) mushroom emhlophe uqongqothwane bobabo okuluncuthu. Kufuneka kuqala bafunde iimpawu kunye neempawu ngaphambi kokuba uyose ngokwakho.

Ukongeza, amayeza emveli kusetyenziswa ngundo izibawu lotywala, oko ncomo zinokufundwa ngezantsi. Akuvumelekile ukusetyenziswa ezinxilisayo iziselo kunye naye - ukuhlanganiswa onjalo kunokukhokelela ityhefu kakhulu ukutya.

iimpawu

amakhowa Ifomu libhekisela shlyapkonozhechnym. Ngelo xesha linye abe esikhondweni evuthelweyo engundoqo. Cap unohlobo khaxa intsimbi-emile, kodwa phantse angaze caba waye olusana. Umphezulu cap kuba agudileyo, wamzalela, Bathiwe wambu enamathela ngohlobo kukubola okanye isikali. Inyama kunjalo tonkomyasistaya ke ukuba bekungenxa yokuswela kwayo eentlobo ezininzi amakhowa zithathwa ngobubi bawo.

Beetle - a mushroom kunye evuthelweyo, esinombala zezindlu. Kudla nomgodi izwakale ido- ezinezikhondo. iipleyiti olubanzi, rhoqo, enqinile esemncinane abe umbala omhlophe, ngoko uvule ezipinki (etyheli), kwi amakhowa endala ukungcolisa okanye zijika zibe mdaka.

Koprinusov ngexesha fruiting yi Meyi-Oktobha.

zinambuzane emhlophe

Igama yesibini - zinambuzane Shaggy. Yena kwemiqathango mushrooms ayinakutyiwa. Zizakubalulwa ezinomtsalane yayo ngenxa i "umphetho" - kukubola enzima ezimhlophe egubungele umnqwazi wakhe. imilo wayo - Campanulaceae, ukuba uyakwazi ukufikelela kubude-15 cm kunye ububanzi of 10 umbala cm mhlophe, ngoko kuthatha shades sinombala okanye nozithobela ophakathi emnyama sinombala .. Umphezulu cap kwi va silky ekuvuthweni ngokupheleleyo, uze ke iba oluludaka phezu kwaso ezimnyama sikuyo eveleleyo.

beetle White - inyama, ngundo leyo ithenda namhlophe, akukho ivumba kunye incasa, kwaye akumkhululi ijusi. Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele ukuba umlenze wakhe unokufikelela ubude-35 cm iintsalela umdla egubungele mushroom. Le emhlophe, filmy kunye umsesane kakhulu nokuthantamisa.

zinambuzane gray

Amanye amagama: ink beetle, i-inki mushroom. Yena ngu umzalwana omhlophe umbala owahlukileyo ngaphandle kwakhe, kwakunye nokungabikho, ngentsontelo yemisonto komkhusane; ukuba umnqwazi kunye ezingwevu umthunzi itywina omdaka enobubanzi ka-10 cm, ekuqaleni ukukhula egg emile abantu abaqolileyo vukela. Cap wambu esikhatshwa umbala ofanayo hina.

beetle Gray - ngundo, nto leyo iba ipleyiti ububanzi (izilwanyana abaselula amhlophe namnyama in abaqolileyo). Leg ifikelela 20 cm ukuphakama kunye ubukhulu ka-2 cm, simhlophe, agudileyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunye amagophe nokukhula. Le mushroom uselula kuyenzeka ukubona umsesane phambili encinane emhlophe, liyalahleka kunye nokukhula. Mpunga ido- dung emhlophe, incasa amnandi amnandi. Imbewu ellipsoid, ibihlungu print omnyama. Amaqela Ink Umngundo amila abe zizityebi wamatye nemihlaba emanzi kwiipaki, iigadi zoluntu, kwaye inkunkuma amazala omgquba okanye emiyezweni, ukongeza, xa kobungxowa ukuchetywa iinkuni, emahlathini njalo-njalo.

Coprinus eziqhelekileyo

Ezibonakalayo, kuba olwahlukileyo congeners engwevu emhlophe: umnqwazi ubukhulu yayo ifikelela 3 cm, ekuqaleni abe phezu shaggy ngokumila zezindlu, ngoko uba shirokokolokolchatoy kunye ribbing okanye "rugosity" (amathanda okanye imibimbi ezisuka kwiziko) isale kukubola emhlophe . Ngexesha nokwanda cap ukugoba, blackening aze abole.

Coprinus eziqhelekileyo - fungi ukuba elibonakayo emhlophe kuqala, emva koko ziyacima abamnyama. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba unyawo ayafika ubude-10 cm kunye nobubanzi ukuya ku 0.5 cm. Kuyinto egudileyo, ezibuhlazarha, kunye uPienaar encinane esisekweni.

isicelo

Ezidliwayo ngundo beetle, leyo thaca iifoto eli nqaku ingasetyenziswa ekutyeni eselula. Iintlobo Isalathisi ephambili ubulungeleyo ingqokelela - yinto umbala njengamasi-ezimhlophe iipleyiti zabo. Ukuba unayo emthunzini encinane (imbola okanye pink) - Kwamakhowa sele ngobubi bawo.

Bamele thermally kuqwalaselwa kwisithuba seeyure emva ukuqokelelwa, kuba itshone inkqubo yokuguga nomswane kuyaqhubeka kwaye samorastvoritsya, ngenxa autolysis yaba iwuse kwisidudu emnyama.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, yokoma yamalongwe bufana ngakumbi a amakhowa ngembiza ezidityaniswe ipani phezu abile okroqiweyo, ukuba ngumphunga zonke kulwelo, ngoko kuphela uqala ukupheka kubo.

Nenyama mushroom ilungele zonke iindlela ukupheka: ngembiza, ukubilisa, omisa okanye yityuwa. Inyama nomswane eseleyo emva omiswe, kuyimfuneko ukuba usile kwindawo grinder yekofu. Le umgubo ngenxa ifakwe kutya, ithamo ekucetyiswa - 2 grams zonke iintsuku ezi-2. Akunconywa exutywe koprinusy kunye nezinye obude.

Coprinus alcohol

Koprinus - oku sisixhobo kakhulu kwaye zinamandla ngokuchasene butywala. It yasetyenziswa kanye ogogo zethu. Okwangoku langoku iyeza le ngokusemthethweni waqaphela ukuba lo qongqothwane ngundo inceda sizohlukana butywala. Namhlanje, kuba sisiseko ezinye iimali unyango kulo mkhuba oyingozi.

Ukuze alungiselele sisixhobo enjalo, waqoqa amakhowa abatsha, ezo okwangoku yakhula ngokupheleleyo. Okulandelayo, kufuneka ke ukuba bakulungele ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuba amakhowa esandula ukuvunwa inkangeleko yayo ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ulahlekelwa ngokuba ipapa inki umbala.

Indlela ukupheka?

Coprinus butywala elungiselela iindlela 2: ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kwangoko kwaye kwixesha elizayo.

Iresiphi lokuqala

1. Le kukungxawu okanye pan ugalele ioli zikajongilanga kwaye ebilandelwa ubushushu medium ngaphezu.
2. Thatha ngundo beetle, nto leyo ncomo ingabonwa kwinqaku ngezantsi, siye wonqanyulwa, angabikho ikepusi wakhe, ugalele kuzo kuselukhambeni, fakela itswele encinane zinqunqwe kunye woyigalela ityuwa.
3. Amakhowa sibile phezu ubushushu omncinane ngoxa amanzi ukuba ukuthululwa ukususela beetle ukunika ijusi yayo.
4. Ukupheka malunga 50 imizuzu. Amakhowa Okulandelayo ungasetyenziswa ukutya okanye idityaniswe isophu.

Koprinus has a ukunambitheka ebixhamla ubuncwane kunene kwaye kamnandi wapheka azifane ngamakhowa. Abantu azikabi nazinjongo ukusela utywala, amakhowa unokuba ngokupheleleyo akukho ukoyika, kunye nenani mda.

Iresiphi yesibini

1. Inyama leyo olungiswe zinqunqwe amakhowa usasaze nzulu ezinkulu pan ngembiza.
2. Qhotsa kwi abile ukuba amanzi abe ngumphunga, lo gama ukukhwezela lonke ixesha.
3. Ubunzima ogqityiweyo yomile uze womgangatho ukuya ngumgubo kwindawo grinder yekofu.

Le umgubo washiyeka isiselo okanye ukutya umntu ukuze ndibagqibele iziselo ezinxilisayo.

Zisebenza njani?

wesenzo kungenxa into ityhefu ibekwe kuyo, nto leyo yiluciferase utywala tapeworm. Le into enyibilikayo ngotywala engena egazini aze emva koko kwesibindi, ngaloo ndlela ebangela iimpawu ityiwe kakhulu.

Mushroom akukho kuhlobana utywala akuyongozi kwaphela. Kodwa ukuba udle amakhowa usele utywala emva kwethuba, ndizibonakalalise nemiphumela emibi:

• umzimba omkhulu igutyungelwe amabala ebomvu;
• ubuso obomvu kakhulu (nokuba siba purple);
• earlobes kunye nempumlo tip kuba luthuthu;
• kukho ubushushu;
• ophilisayo ubume kunye yomntanakhe iqala;
• kukho unxano kakhulu kunene;
• umbono, ukuphazamiseka;
• Kubonakala ihlanza;
• kuya kusiba nzima.

Kakade ke, ezi mpawu emva kwexesha elithile shwaka ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ukuba uqhoboshela kwiglasi kwakhona, baya kubuya nge bang. Kulo mzekelo, i imiphumo ezinxilisayo ezoyikekayo ezinjalo bathi le inyathelo utywala, nto leyo usoloko uyambetha iminqweno ukuba basele.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba beetle ngundo yokusela na iintsuku eziliqela emva ukusetyenziswa kwayo, ngoko ke, akunakwenzeka ukuba likhoboka lotywala sibopha ukuthi kwimo yazo yangoku. Kodwa ekugqibeleni abeke phantsi unogada wakhe, ubukhulu becala esebenzisa umgubo mushroom, podsypaya kuyo ukutya.

unyango

Ngundo beetle, ifoto apho zithiwe thaca kwiphepha lisetyenziswa ekulweni nokunxila kwi kwizikim 2: zesiqhelo (iiveki 2) kunye ixesha elide (iinyanga ezi-3), ukuba amava yokusela elide kakhulu. Kakhulu, unyango oluqhutywa bengazi kwisigulana, kangangokuba akazange ukrokrela ukuba ukho undonakele.

Mushroom idityaniswe ukutya ezinxilisayo zonke iintsuku ezi-2 iminyaka emi-2 Ngelo xesha linye banokude Mabangalalelwa ukusetyenziswa utywala, kodwa kunokuba okwahlukileyo - lokumnika iglasi ngokuzithandela.

Xa kungekho ziphumo zinqwenelekayo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwandisa umthamo umgubo-5 grams ezimbalwa kwiiveki kamva, boyikiswa esisabela ngayo yevodka, utywala uyala ukusuka ngokupheleleyo ukusetyenziswa kwayo.

Xa kugcwaliswa ngokupheleleyo ikhosi abantu baya kuziva iimpawu ntofontofo lonke ixesha zama utywala, nokuba ngaphandle kokusebenzisa zomngundo.

Ngundo beetle: ncomo

Wonke ummi yesibini lizwe lethu ujongene isenzeko wokusela isalamane. Kwaye, ngeliphandle, bambalwa kakhulu abantu ukuba kuzisa uvuyo. Ngenxa yoko, abantu basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukuze ukulahla umntu uxhomekeke. Namhlanje, uyakwazi bafumane lohlolo ukusetyenziswa yobulongwe ukuze silwe butywala. Abantu abaninzi bayakuvuyela ukuba athi umntu ukusela liyalahleka njengokufuna utywala, kuba kweso nini imiphumo ebuhlungu kakhulu koku. Phakathi nohlolo ezimbi ukuze kuqatshelwe ukuba amakhowa kunzima kakhulu ukulungiselela - zifuna ukupheka nangoko, okanye linyamalale.