Ekubhobhozeni liqaqambileyo - yintoni na le nto?

Amandla yokukhanya okubonakalayo, kuqikelelwa yi uza iliso yoluntu kwaye ulinganiswa lumens - kwimveliso ukukhanya. Le amandla onika nawuphi na umthombo ukukhanya.

bubuyisela

Amandla umthombo wokukhanya udlula ngamaza obuphumayo kagesi. ekubhobhozeni liqaqambileyo - yinto kwabo, nto leyo enika ulwazi malunga amandla ukuvutha njengomthombo. amaza okukhanya Energy iliso yabantu uyasibona ngokwahlukileyo. Ombala 0,55 microns kwi umbala oluhlaza ibonwa babomelele ngakumbi kwi ebomvu kunye ubude 0,63 microns. Xa uluhlu imitha yelanga infrared amehlo ethu namandla.

Kungenxa yoko le nto iimpawu ombala wobhobhozayo ezikhanyayo ibaluleke kangaka. Xa kuqwalaselwa susceptibility lwalo ngokuthi Ebeka kwamaza, siya ukufumana ixabiso nganye ezinga malungu abantu. ekubhobhozeni liqaqambileyo - ngamandla kwiingxowa-amandla unyulu, nto leyo Kuqikelelwa ngenxa kuyabuya lokukhanya. Ukukhetha njengomthombo wamandla wokukhanya, umntu engqinelana ngamandla alo elilingana. Umzekelo, ukuba ufuna ukutshintsha izibane ezingqengezelayo ne-LED. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ukuba kubalwe kwakhona kwimveliso ukukhanya.

Indlela yokwenza oko

ekubhobhozeni liqaqambileyo - amaqela iphambili ngale ndlela. Kwi efanayo ibhalbhu dvadtsativoltnoy yale igqengezelayo ngayo wayelingana lumens 250. Kanye wobhobhozayo efanayo ubalaseleyo izibane LED uyakwazi ukunika watts ezimbini okanye ezintathu, kwaye ezijiko - ezintlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe. Ngoko ke, amancedo izibane LED kungaphezu ezicacileyo.

Masithi sifuna umthombo imveliso ezikhanyayo yokumpompoza lumens 400. Isibane olulingana uya kuba sorokavattnoy, isibane ezibengezelayo kunokuba ukusuka watts elishumi elinesithathu LED - ezine ezintlanu kuphela okanye. Okanye, Ngokomzekelo, kufuneka sibe wampompoza enamandla ubalaseleyo izibane - 2500 lumens. Tungsten ayikwazi kuba kulo mzekelo ngaphantsi kwe dvuhsotvattnoy, ezibengezelayo - kuphela amathandathu ukuya asibhozo watt-LED kwaye ngaphantsi - kuphela amabini anesihlanu okanye amashumi amathathu.

Zeziphi izibane

Ubukhulu naliphi igalelo isibane igunya ulinganiswa Watts (W). Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, isetyenziswa, umzekelo, LED wezibane ukusuka watts omnye ukuya ezilishumi, yaye ukukhanyisa yangaphandle, kufuneka anamandla kakhulu ngakumbi - kukho angaphezu kwekhulu watts. Kodwa kufuneka wazi ukuba amandla isibane luphawu kuphela izinga ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, isigama ubunzulu yena akaphenduli.

Kukho ingachazwa omnye okanye omnye umthombo kuphela unit ngobhobhozo ezikhanyayo, nto leyo isicwangciso eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. It akalinganiswa Watts kunye lumens. Nokuba asinguye wonke umenzi isibane ngokuchanekileyo ukhankanye ezi ndlela. Umzekelo, ileyibhile kumqulu: wobhobhozayo ubalaseleyo lumens 280 ukuze igunya isibane LED ukuba watts ezine, obulingana pyatidesyativattnoy zigqengezelayo ibhalbhu. Jonga itheyibhile: kwi wobhobhozayo ezikhanyayo yokugqibela yi hayi 280, yaye bonke 560 lm kufuneka. Njani oko?

izibalo

Iyunithi ngobhobhozo ezikhanyayo le mithambo flow leyo nekhupha indawo blackbody ka 0,5305 mm ² kwiqondo eliphezulu kakhulu - 1773 ° C, xa lukhuni platinum, umzekelo. ukukhanya - ezinoxinano ngobhobhozo ezikhanyayo ngengqiqo lwendawo, kubalulekile ukuba siqwalasele indlela imveliso ukukhanya ngamazinga kunye ubukhulu le angle okuqinileyo (a angle eqinileyo - na inxalenye indawo apho zonke ray idibane). Ngoko ke, iyunithi le ubunzulu ezikhanyayo - hayi lumens kunye candela.

Yintoni ukukhanya? Oku kubizwa ngokuba umphezulu loxinano nobhobhozayo ezikhanyayo ukuba isehlo phezu kwamanzi, kulingana nomlinganiselo yokumpompoza ezikhanyayo ukuya ubungakanani kumphezulu enakhanyiselwa ngayo, apho ke abelwa ngokulinganayo. Ukhanyiso kananjalo iyunithi yaso zemilinganiselo, kwaye ke le mithambo kwakhona. Kwaye musa nokuba candela. Le lux (lx). Nguwuphi iya kulingana isuti mnye, ukuba imveliso ukukhanya ilingana sayo nye, isasazwe ngokulinganayo phezu kwendawo square metre nye? Kodwa: 1 spiderman = 1 lm / 1m ^2.

Ukukhanya yaye iqaqambile

imilambo Ukukhanya inokuba ukugqama ezahlukeneyo svetnosti (iqaqambile). Ukugqama - into yokulingana umphezulu lexinene ngamandla ezikhanyayo nolwalamano yayo emajukujukwini, eqikelelweyo umphezulu ezikhanyayo kwi moya nkqo kule ndlela. Iyunithi wokukhanya ithathwa ngokuba candela omnye imitha square (1 cd / m ^{2) nganye.}

Svetnost (okanye luminance) yi lexinene wobhobhozayo ezikhanyayo leyo nekhupha kumphezulu olukhanyayo. Kusoloko ulingana wobhobhozayo ezikhanyayo ngokuphathelele kwindawo yalo umphezulu. Likhanya, nayo, iye iyunithi yayo yi-1 lm / m ^2.

ukukhanya efanayo

Ukusetyenziswa factor ngobhobhozo ezikhanyayo yindlela ukubala ukufana ukhanyiso zonke iindawo tyaba, kungakhathaliseki uhlobo nezibane. umongo wayo kukuba ngumlingani ibalwa kwigumbi ngalinye, ngenxa ezingundoqo parameters zayo neempawu zezixhobo sizama nokuyifeza ngeninako. Le izibalo ngobulungisa ixesha elide zizinto azicacanga kakhulu ngokwaneleyo, kodwa le ndlela lisetyenziswa yokuplana ukukhanyisa endlwini.

Umthamo we gumbi usoloko uhlobo zokukhusela umphezulu, nto leyo iya kubonisa wobhobhozayo ukukhanya evela kumthombo. Olu donga, isilingi, umgangatho, ifenitshala okanye izixhobo ise-gumbi. Yonke indawo babe okuza vangama ezahlukeneyo, exabisa ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi. Bala inani izixhobo zokukhanyisa, hayi kuthathelwa ingqalelo flow kubonakala kunokwenzeka kuphela yokungaqiniseki ezinkulu.

yingxenye Uqikelelo

Okokuqala imithombo ukukhanya kunye nenkqubo izibane, ezikhethiweyo ezikhethiweyo iintlobo ngezinto ngokwephanyazo banikwa - zokuhlala okanye i-ofisi, kwaye ke ubalo lwenziwa. Injongo yawo kukuqinisekisa ukuba inani luminaires. Ulandelelwano yokubala iya kwenziwa ngokungqinelana nesigqibo seengcinga;

1. Ukukhetha le nkqubo izibane.

2. ukugwetyelwa ukuzinza ekukhanyeni kwento.

3. Ukukhethwa umthombo anoqoqosho wokukhanya.

4. Ukukhethwa uhlobo ubengo isibane.

5. Ukuvavanywa umba ukhuseleko kunye ukungavumelani kwe angalinganiyo sokukhanyisa ngayo.

6. Ukuhlolwa reflectance kwemiphezulu kweli gumbi.

7. Ukubalwa isalathiso egumbini.

8. Ukumiselwa 'ngumlingani ka ukusetyenziswa sokukhanya.

9. Ukubala inani ngezinto eziya kubonelela ukhanyiso efunekayo le into.

10. Yenza nesiketshi indawo ngezinto usebenzisa isicwangciso yomgangatho (chaza ubukhulu).

inkqubo lokukhanyisa

Kunzima kakhulu ukubala izibane ukusebenza, kuba kakhulu amaninzi zidityaniswa. Umzekelo, kwizityalo mveliso i ingxelo zendawo enye kuphela akuvumelekanga ngumthetho. Khetha ukukhanya nenkalo sincinane kwenkqubo into umahluko, okt, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwazo zonke imisebenzi ezibonwayo, ukuba yenziwe kweli gumbi.

Kukho imithetho: umsebenzi wokuqala amasuntswana yesithandathu zenziwa kuphela xa le nkqubo ukhanyiso zidityanisiwe. Le workshop, mechanical, lezixhobo, libandla like. Kuphela kumashishini ezifana electroplating okanye ivoti kunokusetyenziswa inkqubo izibane jikelele. Ngoko ke, khetha inkqubo kunye nemithetho sokukhanyisa ngaxeshanye.

illuminance nganye ezinga malungu abantu

ukulayita kwezalathisi kunye nemigangatho emiselwe ngokuhambelana ngqongqo imiqathango esebenzayo kunye ngokuqhubekayo ukuze imveliso kunye nohlobo lomsebenzi.

iimpawu ubuninzi yokukhanya efunyenweyo xabiso liphantsi komhlaba nganye ngokuxhomekeke kukukhutshwa kwemisebenzi ezibonwayo, umahluko kunye nemvelaphi into kwinkqubo ukhanyiso. Obhobhozayo ujongwa ubungakanani into enye (iinkcukacha), inxalenye okanye isiphene ubuncinane kuyo osebenza kuya kufuneka ukubhaqa umahluko phakathi imisebenzi yayo. High-umgangatho wokusebenza ukukhanyisa - umlinganiselo ilitha kunye yama- nzi.

Imithombo Ukukhanya: nobubi

Indlela ukufumanisa i parameters yokukhetha iindleko-olusebenzayo kwaye ngexesha elinye imvelo umthombo ukukhanya? Kwi kweso sigqibo kuchaphazela izinto ezininzi, ezifana: solution ucwangciso, izakhiwo, parameters zokwakha, bume umoya nemeko yayo, kwengqalelo koqoqosho kwaye, kakade, uyilo. Umzobi, ukuyila izibane, usoloko uya kwizibhambathiso, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ezininzi kwiinkalo eziphambili izibalo.

Umzekelo, i-isibane yale igqengezelayo ayikho ukonga kakhulu, bona na kahle eliphezulu kakhulu ezikhanyayo, ukukhutshwa spectrum lothando, emsebenzini, ziba shushu kakhulu yaye ngokukhawuleza asilele. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso kubo liphantsi kakhulu, Kulula ukuba usebenzise bonke, kodwa kuba kumagumbi apho abantu bahlale okwethutyana, indlu kunye ezifana, izibane ezingqengezelayo na kucetyiswa. output zokukhanyisa ezibengezelayo kwakhona ube kunabanye, elide ubomi, umbala weklayenti kakhulu, ukungabikho ukufudumeza. Kodwa ke isibane loo ndlela zifuna iingcali nkonzo. izibane ezibengezelayo nokucima unzima kakhulu, maxa wambi flash kunye ukubhonga, kunye nokuchithwa kwazo iingxaki.