Engibaziyo "Willys": iimpawu kunye photo

Engibaziyo "Willys" - legend imoto, wegqitha indlela evela iVolga kunye Berlin, awela koozintlango of Africa, bangena emanzini emahlathini Asia. ingqiqo yalo nangoku sisiseko nokudalwa SUV mihla. "Willis" Waba ngunozala zimoto eziphakamileyo-eklasini, nto leyo namhlanje kuthwala igama "kwijeep".

Engibaziyo "Willys": imbali yendalo

Ekubeni 30 umkhosi US waqalisa ukuba nomdla enyuka iimoto ze permeability ophezulu, nto leyo endaweni fleet yangoku nokushwabana izithuthi yomkhosi ukukhanya. Ukuqhambuka imfazwe eYurophu kwanyanzeleka baseMerika ukukhawulezisa inkqubo. Kule meko, njengocwangciso lwezinto ezifunekayo eziyimfuneko bobugcisa ukuze iimoto ze elizayo, ekufuneka kuguqula ekhoyo.

Automakers bayazi kakuhle ukuba kokufumana umyalelo phantsi imeko yangoku yezopolitiko wathembisa banomvuzo olungileyo. Ngoko ke, le kumzabalazo kwethenda kwimveliso SUV, kwaziswa yi-US wamajoni, iinkampani 135 wangena. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba Inqanaba lokugqibela bakwazi ukufikelela "American Bantam", "Ford Motor Company" ezintathu kuphela yaye "Willys zomhlaba isiwe," ezinokuvula AMAGQABAZA ▸ yokwenene ukuhlangabezana neemfuno emkhosini. Ngenxa yoko, ngasinye kwezi nkampani lifumene umyalelo ukuvelisa iiyunithi 1,500 of SUV yayo.

Ukukhetha isigqibo

Xa kwacaca ukuba baseMerika akayi kuba nako ukuhlala kude emfazweni, ngoJulayi 1941 kwagqitywa ukukhulula omnye, abe yintlama elikhulu izithuthi off-kwendlela, eliquka iimoto 16,000. Kodwa kwakhona kukho umbuzo sikhethe phakathi abalimi ezintathu.

Okokuqala, esikalini ntofo kwicala "Ford" njengoko automaker inkulu ehlabathini. Kodwa kwavela umbuzo iindleko matshini. Kwathi kanti loo ndawo lemoto, okucetywayo "Ford", ixabisa ngaphezu kwabo bonke - kwimveliso bayo obulawulwayo ngo-788 zeerandi. iindleko kancinane atshiphu, "Bantam" - 782 zeerandi. Elona xabiso lisezantsi wathenjiswa "Willys zomhlaba isiwe," nto leyo kuhlolwa ixabiso enye koomatshini balo 738,74 dollar, yaye oku nangona ukuba engibaziyo yasemkhosini "engibaziyo" waba ngcono kunokuba SUV okhuphisana '.

Kubonakala ukuba isiphelo kwakucaca, kodwa emkhosini ayithandabuze into yokuba inkampani uya kukwazi ukugcina ngexesha isakhelo elikhankanyiweyo, njengoko kunjalo kwakungekuhle kakhulu. Point kulo mbandela wabeka Bill Knutson - ingcali American entsimini yeemoto ngobuninzi eveliswe, inkxaso candidacy of "Willys oluya khona."

July 23, 1941 kunye "Willys yasezweni" basayina isivumelwano ukuvelisa iimoto 16,000. Kwaye ku Agasti, i Jeep "Willys" (eliboniswe ngezantsi) emva uthotho kophuculo beliselilunge ngokupheleleyo imveliso abaninzi, yaye igama layo - Willys MB Yongeza Index.

Le net Urhulumente wokhuseleko

Inkxalabo "Willys isiwe" emi elunxwemeni yimali yaye akayi kulongamela umyalelo lothotho yemfazwe, ngoko uRhulumente wagqiba ukwenza ezikhuselekileyo ukunika tshekhi olongezelelweyo ekuvelisweni iikopi SUV yenkampani inokuthenjwa - "Ford Motor".

nomnini wenkampani ivumile umyalelo enkulu urhulumente, nangona into yokuba "Ford" kwafuneka ukusebenzisa injini original ekuvelisweni koomatshini babo, zathengwa "Willys oluya khona." uxwebhu Willys MB sisisiwa ikopi iinjineli "Ford", yaye ekuqaleni 1942 yakhupha lokuqala qela isasetyenziswa SUV, ekuthiwa Ford GPW.

Ngexesha lemfazwe, "Willys yasezweni" wavelisa malunga 363.000 SUV. "Ford Motor" eyenziwa ukuze zomkhosi ngenxa koomatshini 280,000. Phantse ngoko nangoko emva kokuqalisa yemveliso lothotho inani lemoto iimoto baya namahlakani - kuqala British uze icala yiSoviet.

Umsebenzi Transmission SUV zomkhosi

Endleleni, nangona i-wheel ezine drive, Jeep "Willys" Mna baziphatha ngokufaneleyo kakhulu. Accelerated ngokukhawuleza, Nam saqhuba kakuhle, ngokuthe ngcembe baboyisa indlela. Le ukuziphatha inikwa kakuhle "kwenziwe" transmission SUV.

Carrier element "Willis" isakhelo Spar kwakunxibelelene nge imithombo kunye absorbers umothuko ulwalathiso eyongezelelweyo enye iibhulorho zixhotyiswe nomahluko ziqhagamshelane. Injini umatshini kutyhalwa incwadi esisikhokelo ngesantya-3 gearbox.

Ulawulo asi ngaphambili kunye downshift olwenziwe ityala wotshintsho.

"Willis" Jeep kukho inzuzo enkulu ngohlobo iziqhoboshi hydraulic zonke amavili 4 ukuba parameters zayo iimpawu neguquguqukayo kwakukho into ebalulekileyo.

Umzimba imoto

Ngenxa compactness ngawo nangentuthuzelo wakho American lemoto, Kakade, isishiya kangako, kodwa ke ngaloo mihla zange kufuneka ukucinga lula kwindawo yokuqala yaba parameters umsebenzi.

Xa umzimba elula-ekhangela "Willis" uye iimpawu zayo zoyilo yokungabikho iingcango kunye alo phezu ukwesona kwifestile engaphambili. Ukungabikho iingcango ukuba ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo imoto xa usengozini. intente rainproof Kwabonelelwa ukhuselo emvuleni.

Kwicala elingaphandle umzimba imi emva kwe "ivili spare" kunye bhokisi, kwaye emacaleni - isixhobo isingqisho (Umhlakulo, zembe, njalo njalo). Ngenxa yokuba injongo zomkhosi itanki amafutha imoto yafakwa phantsi kwesitulo lomqhubi, nto leyo efunekayo ukuze zithambekele le moto kokufaka. Xa ngontsi emva nakwiingqameko zalo zamavili angasemva ibekwe kwisisu yokugcina izixhobo.

Ekubeni umzimba isakhiwo ibhokisi-ezifana, ukuvulwa inikwa ukususa olwenzeka kokufuma kunokwenzeka ezantsi kumatshini, ngaba stoppered.

Iimpawu yokukhanya

Izibane "Willis" ngandlel ingontsi kuthelekiswa moya le grille. Oku kungenxa iimpawu zazo zesakhiwo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-optic ukukhanya masaliwe lens, apho zinokuthi zisetyenziswe njengomthombo ukukhanya ngexesha inkonzo injini ebusuku. Ukongeza, le uyilo uphawu isibane ivumela ukuba ebumnyameni ngaphandle blackout.

Engibaziyo "Willys": Car:

drive 4-wheel.

Mass SUV - 1055 kg.

Ukuphakama kwenye intente - 1830 mm.

ububanzi Vehicle - 1585 mm.

ubude engibaziyo - 3335 mm.

ukucoca Ground (ukucoca) - 220 mm.

esemgceni injini 4-itankana nizhneklapannym (Willys L-134) kunye ngamandla - 60 l / s.

Umthamo unit samandla - 2,2l.

Kwinkqubo yonikezelo amandla uhlobo પ્રતિલિપિ ikopi (isiBeki - WO-539-S evela kwinkampani Carter).

"Willis" Jeep bakwazi ukuphuhlisa ngesantya 105 km / h kwimeko ethwele 45mm kunaso - 86 km / h.

kwitanki yezibaso - 56.8 iilitha.

ukusetyenziswa olingene (average value) - Iilitha ezingama-12/100 km.

Capacity - abantu 4.

SUV "Willis" wakwazi ukoyisa ezibukweni-kangangesiqingatha semitha ngaphandle ukulungiselelwa. Kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa 1.5 yeemitha.

Ukususela data zobugcisa ibonisa ukuba Jeep "Willys" kukho uyilo compact kakhulu kwaye elula, kwaye kananjalo waba nexesha elihle kakhulu yokusebenza akhe amakhulu.

Ukukhonza eSoviet Army

Wabonakala ngehlobo lowe-1942 kwi "Wilis" nomkhosi. Ezininzi iimoto ezinikwe eSoviet Union, weza ngokohlobo emotweni ngeekhithi-, ezo ezicatshulwe kweli karhulumente yokusebenza sele mveliso imoto ekhaya.

Ngelishwa, ingakumbi kwenkonzo kwi nomkhosi ushiye ifuthe layo elibi yokusebenza "Willis". Elisezantsi grade-ipetroli luphembelela iimoto, nto leyo yingozi kwi "baseMerika". Badla ithotyelwe kumathuba idreyini. iintsilelo ezininzi kwenzeka ngenxa yokungabikho ulondolozo ngexesha iindawo SUV ukuthambisa ajikeleze. Konke oku kunye kwakhokelela ekubeni i "Willis" ukusilela ngaphakathi km 15,000. Sekunjalo, kukholelwa ukuba eSoviet Army, SUV American amaxabiso aphezulu kunezixhobo zasekhaya ndingaz-67 kunye ndingaz-67B, ukuba iRed Army igama elithi "Ivan i Jeep."

mini-Jeep wakhe wamajoni umsebenzi "Willys" waqhubeka kwilizwe lakhe (apho iinguqulelo ezininzi esivelisiweyo rhoqo wayo), nto leyo ekugqibeleni kugqitywa kuphela 80s, xa indawo a ngakumbi up-time "Hammer" iimfuno.