GDR cars hereon

Ushishino lweemoto ahlala emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II inxalenye iJamani iingcambu elungileyo. I GDR okanye German Democratic Republic, andibanga lizwe onombono kwezolimo. Kwakukho nezityalo egqunywe yorhwebo njengoko Auto Union, isebe BMW kunye neenkampani ezininzi ezincinane. iinjineli German lokuqhawula kufundwa kwizikolo efanayo, ngoko isiseko lizwe yenzululwazi kunye zoshishino kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Yintoni ekugqibeleni kwasothusa ishishini lweemoto le GDR?

Park kweemoto emotweni GDR

GDR cars hlukile ezininzi elungileyo. Ikhupha efikelelekayo kubo bonke, "Trabant", "ngoJulayi", EMW, "Horch", "eZwickau" kunye DKV. iimpawu eziphambili ezithwala inxalenye yiSoviet waseJamani ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• uyilo phambi-wheel;
• injini enama-mbini;
• umzimba eyongayo duroplastic (ikakhulu);
• imilo elula rough umzimba.

Iinkampani ezininzi emva kulwahlulo Jamani zadityaniswa ebambe lwemoto enye enkulu ebizwa ngokuba Ifa ( "Ifa"). Amaninzi kwakuthetha Ifa iilori. Le yinkqubo eyaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwabo - W50L - lidumile yaye igama ethandwayo "ellie".

Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha iimoto GDR, uguqulelo kancinane, kwaye ixesha ezazikhutshwe.

DKW - imoto German

Imbali yale nkampani kwaqala encinane injini ibhayisekile. Ngexesha Second World War le mveliso imveliso zomkhosi sele lusekiwe. Kodwa ke nomnini wenkampani wakwazi ukukhangela phambili kwaye ukuthatha unonophelo kuphuhliso injini enamandla kakhulu ngexabiso elifanelekileyo. Ndaba ingcamango ukudala imoto esinokukunika phantse wonke umntu.

imodeli DKW-F1 kwakhululwa phambi imfazwe. Kwaba kungona-mbini, imoto air-lupholile. Bekukho kumiswa elizimeleyo kunye namalungu uqina rhoqo okanye amalungu Velocity rhoqo. "Imoto le GDR" - eyayiza kubizwa imodeli DKW-F8. Ukongeza kwaba modelc i F9, leyo yaveliswa emzimbeni, nokuba combo. Kuba bonke aba matshini uyilo ngaphambili-wheel kunye neyunithi amandla air-zipholile yaba ekuso.

Lo mzi-mveliso, apho waya ukumkhulula DKV, ibekwe eZwickau kunye Eisenach. Uncamathiselo kwi oomatshini uphawu njengezibonelo F8 kunye F9 waba isetyenzisiwe. Oku wathetha amalungu kwi United iqela ngomatshini le GDR.

"EZwickau AWZ P70"

Emva uphuhliso DHQ baba "eZwickau". DuropLAS T - kunokuba umzimba ngamaplanga alekwe mbumbulu lesikhumba, iplastiki iye isetyenziswe. Oku elula ukuba kusekwe sisincoko labalandeli a nentlaka izakhi kunye ongeziweyo cotton feathering. Ngenxa lula imveliso, ubulula kunye namandla kangakanani izinto ngokukhawuleza wazuza kuthandwa kwindawo imoto yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.

Kanye njengokuba kuneyokuqala DKW-F8, "eZwickau" saba injini ezinqamlezayo. Kubekho ngamanzi-Ukupholisa kunye nenkqubo kombane isithuthi volts-12. Gearbox yaba emithathu-eqongeni. Of zempawu zoyilo kufuneka kuqatshelwe izixhobo ngentambo. Ubaleka kanye nge pholisa radiator. Cars of the GDR, iinkalo zezobugcisa na kusimangalise, kwanyanzeleka ukuba bayihloniphe namhlanje.

AWZ P70 lemoto umgca yemveliso ngo-1955 yaye ezinye iziphene. Ngokukodwa, ukufikelela kwi gumbi imithwalo, izihlalo angasemva ziye base- kuyimfuneko. Bekukho akukho iifestile ngapha yokuzika. Emva konyaka wabonakala uguqulelo combi, apho waba wesiqalo enkulu kunye nophahla ukukhanya eyenziwe ngethwathwa igqunyiwe zokwenziwa. model ezemidlalo Okuninzi wakhululwa emva konyaka, leyo umzimba ngokutsha kakhulu, kodwa umgangatho aba matshini injini.

I ethandwayo "Trabant"

Trabant kwindlela isiJamani "-zandla ekutayipheni". Ukukhululwa kwale moto lehlelo yasungulwa ngo-1957, xa isathelayithi yokuqala yiSoviet yaphehlelelwa emajukujukwini. Inani elipheleleyo izithuthi, epapashwe phantsi kwegama "Trabant", kubandakanywa ababelawula ngaphambi P70, ngaphaya 3 million. Le brand imoto ye GDR kwakungumqondiso weli lizwe. Enoba gadalala, "Trabi", yaye ngenxa kulo matshini inani elikhulu labantu ukuba 'ame enamavili. " Ngoko ke, yintoni le moto?

Kanye njengokuba kuneyokuqala "eZwickau P70", "P50 Trabant" (kwakunye inguqulelo P60 kunye P601) isidumbu duroplastovy kwi amathambo yesinyithi. Icandelo amandla yaba ngesibetho-ezimbini umthamo iilitha 26. a. yaye umqulu ilitha 0.5 okanye 0.6. Ukupholisa injini-moya. Kukudla isiBeki ngu womxhuzulane evela itanki yamafutha, nto leyo iqhele apha, kweli gumbi injini. kamva Chadyaschie injini waba embi kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba kuye kwi "Trabi" yayisisiteketiso - ". Kane isithuthuthu isigcina kunye jikelele"

Bemisiwe ngaphambili nangesemva yedwa. Ngokwemo, oko lwenziwa kwi emithonjeni enqamlezileyo. gear esungulayo Echanekileyo kuthwalelwa phandle Bulelani gear yokubeka. Inxalenye imoto, yakhelwe abantu abakhubazekileyo, kufuneka gearbox semi-automatic. Unikezelo yasebenza ngesandla ngumqhubi kanye bamba kwenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo kwindibano eyodwa electromechanical.

Ngowe-1988, i "Trabant" Nyukela model P1.1. The main utshintsho - injini entsha esuka WV Polo umthamo seelitha ezili-41. a. kunye umthamo zomsebenzi 1.1 iilitha. Ngaphandle kokuba sedan zakudala, Trabant yaveliswa kwi nqwelo sesikhululo. Kwabakho imodeli evulekileyo Trump ukuba zomkhosi abazingeli. Ezithwala ye GDR, imbali kwendalo ziphuhliswa kunye noshishino, zezona kufutshane nabantu. "Trabi" - omnye ezo moto.

"NgoJulayi" evela GDR

Uphawu GDR imoto "ngoJulayi" - yesibini edume emva "Trabant". Ezi zimoto ababehlangene kwi isityalo Eisenach ngakumbi ukususela 1956. Isiseko kuba imoto wakhonza i "Ifa F9" okanye DKW F9, akhutshwa ngaphambili. Model isiqu waba ngoJulayi 311. Ngokwahlukileyo kwi "Trabant" ezihlangwini yayo, i "ngoJulayi" waba metal ngakumbi kuyilo. Umzimba ngenxa ngakumbi kwinto kule moto banzi kakhulu ngakumbi.

Iyunithi amandla 311 kwi ngoJulayi kwaba-3-itankana enama-mbini. inkqubo ukuthambisa ajikeleze Eqhelekileyo nangoku iye yasungulwa. Ngoko ke, ukususela umsi zeemoto wawuyichaza kwaye abalasele yengxolo ngesithuthuthu lavakala xa injini uyasebenza. Kwakhona, ngokungafaniyo Trabant, "ngoJulayi" waba kobubi amanzi. Izinto eziluncedo ze-nkqubo zibandakanya mihla ngokufanelekileyo abo minyaka khangela.

Ngowe-1965, i "ngoJulayi" ijongene maxesha. Kuye umzimba ngokutsha kakhulu. ngcembe line Round indawo ngqo. Ukuguqulwa iye abebalwa 353. Large buti ebanzi imifuziselo nangakumbi iinguqu inqwelo kunye iveni. Imbonakalo imoto into embhoxo Soviet Vaz-2101. Luncedo xa lo mfuziselo enye injini 2-stroke. imveliso Small-scale kwenza i "ngoJulayi" zibiza kakhulu, ngokuchaseneyo efanayo "Trabi". Lilonke ke, ixabiso ifumanekileyo, kwaye imoto zathunyelwe ngempumelelo kumazwe angabamelwane.

yokugcina yokulungiswa "ngoJulayi 'kwenzeka ngo-1988. Ngoko ke imoto wavuka inani 1.3 waza wafumana injini eqhelekileyo ukusuka WV Polo umthamo neelitha 1.3. Noko ke, umsantsa lobuchwepheshe ngokubanzi iye yomelela, kwaye ngo-1991 isityalo yathengwa yi akwazile. E ngoJulayi namhlanje, njengabanye zimoto GDR - lwepaki.

Soviet BMW

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kummandla Soviet German (okanye East Jamani) kwaba ifektri BMW. Luhlobo olunjani izithuthi eziveliswa kule mveliso, leyo nayo uhulumeni? Ngoko nangoko emva kokuba imfazwe zenziwa apho BMW 321 kunye BMW 327 Umfuziselo olutsha imoto classic zemidlalo ngelo xesha. Kuba imbonakalo impela lwangaphandle umatshini wazifihla 6-cylinder kwaye phantse injini ilitha-2. Kwamafutha engena injini carburetors-2. 327 ongumzekelo ukukhawulezisa ukuya kwi-125 km / h.

Emva kokusekwa GDR ukusebenzisa uphawu BMW sele izakungenzeki. Ngoko ke, ukuba livele ukutyunjwa layo - ". I Eisenach Motor Works" EMW, nto leyo ithetha Kwaye umzekelo yokuqala inkampani entsha ngo-1949, yaba EMW 340. Ku layilwa ngokutsha BMW 326 yaye, enyanisweni, ukuba owakho GDR imoto kuqala. Ngokupheleleyo ngokutsha umzimba, eshiya powerplant zilolo hlobo zazilulo. Ngoku ke imoto asikwazi ukuthwala ezintlanu kuzo. Torque yandisiwe ukuya 4200 ISityhi. / Min. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ubunzima ngakumbi kwesona santya siphezulu yaba ngaphantsi kwe - 120 km / h.

3 ivelisa iinguqulelo EMW 340: sedan, isitishi inqwelo okanye nqwelo combi kwaye yenziwe ngomthi. Imoto lalisetyenziswa kakhulu iinkonzo zesizwe ezifana amapolisa, izibhedlele kunye nee-arhente zikarhulumente. Uninzi iimoto namhlanje abandakanyeka retrovystavkah yaye abubomi pretty asebenzayo. izisombululo ezininzi zobugcisa ziye zasetyenziswa EMW waza eziqulathwe kwi "ngoJulayi 311". cars Real GDR, iifoto, inkcazo enokufumaneka kweli nqaku namhlanje - rarities ngokwenene.

Izithuthi kuba ring ugqatso - "Melkus RS1000"

Sithetha ngayo imoto uhlanga ovela German Democratic Republic, nto leyo baqokelela ucweyo encinane phantsi kolwalathiso Heinz Melkusa. Le ndoda yaba ring OWAYEBEKA ukufunda. Kuqala ke wavula isikolo lokuqhuba, uze emva koko kwabakho ingcamango ukuqokelela ngokusekelwe "ngoJulayi" iimoto uyoyika.

Ngowe-1959 kwafika uhlobo lokuqala zemidlalo Melkusa. Igama mfuziselo ilula: "Melkus-ngoJulayi". Ngo-1968 waqalisa ukusebenza ngomhla umzimba ngohlobo coupe ezemidlalo fiberglass. Le modeli ithatha uhlobo iingcango nesihuluhulu-iphiko. Njengoko unit amandla asetyenziswa 70 okanye 90 enjini imoto xa umthamo litres 1-1.2. Enkosi kuye, imoto uhlanga akwazi ukufikelela ngezantya ukuya ku 165 km / h (imizuzwana-9 ukuya kwi-100 km / h). Le ukuguqulwa yakhethwa Melkus RS1000. malunga kuphela 100 iikopi zaye zaveliswa. Ngelishwa, emva kokufa Heinz ukuba aqhubeke umsebenzi benza iimoto zemidlalo ayizange yenzeke.

Bonke-wheel drive imoto le GDR

GDR iimoto ayikwazanga ukuqhayisa umnqamlezo, nangona kwakukho ngokwenene bonke-wheel drive (4 × 4) oomatshini, ezo ababiwa. Le yokuqala yaba "Horch". Ngaphandle kwaba Horch 901, kodwa igama yayahlukile - HK1. Kwakukho imvelaphi inyuselwa V-uhlobo injini, apho waba 80 l. a. kwi umthamo 3.6 iilitha.

Uqhubo cars-wheel ezine yesibini yaveliswa kwi kwisebe owayesakuba BMW e Eisenach. igama Main - P1, kodwa kukho nezinye iinketho: EMW 325/3, KFZ 3. Xa imoto ilitha-2 6-itankana unit amandla iilitha 55. a. Phambi kokuba isityalo yakhiwe ngokupheleleyo phantsi "ngoJulayi", wakwazi ukwenza malunga 160 iziqwenga P1.

Umfuziselo drive-wheel ezine ezisisiseko, saseGDR lajongwa nje P2. Lakhutshwa kwi imfihlelo "Into 37" ngethuba elisusela kwi-1955 ukuya 1958. 1800 iiyunithi ziye zaveliswa ngeli xesha. Ngaphandle, imoto waba mhle kakhulu. moya emboxo umzimba ziye mhlawumbi ukuba cheap ukuvelisa. Kodwa le imbonakalo ngokufihla enamandla 6-cylinder ka 2.4 umthamo ilitha e ngeelitha 65. a. noseko elifutshane-wheel-drive.

Uphuhliso yokugqibela GDR abayili waba P3 model. ukucoca Ground iye nangakumbi - 330 mm. Inani motor "amahashe" nayo yonyuswa ukuya 75. Kwakhona waba imbonakalo esinomfaneleko ngakumbi umzimba. Apha kwakukho incwadi isantya-4 kunye ityala transfer 2 isantya-. Usenokuba ukutshixa umahluko iziko.

ilori Ukukhanya "Barkas"

Cars of the GDR, nto leyo yaba uphawu Ifa uphawulo eneneni ziye kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo. Omnye eyaziwa ezimotweni kunye neelori njengokukhanya "Launch". -Stroke ezimbini injini ye "ngoJulayi" ngokuqinisekileyo hayi isisombululo engcono. Kulo mzekelo, "Barkas" waba ukunqunyanyiswa ezimeleyo torque for yevili ngalinye. Ngenxa ngaphambili-wheel drive cabin phantsi iiveni yaba kakhulu lingako. Oku kongeza indawo ebalulekileyo ingaphakathi.

3 cylinder-injini kunye nomthamo welitha 1 clocked imoto ukuya kubantu-8 ukuya kwi-100 km / h. Inguqulelo yokuqala "Longboat" yaba isiqu V 901/2 yaye sele kunye nomnyango ecaleni sliding. Yesu a sithuthi kule minyaka 1951-1957.

Emva kokuba iinguqulelo baba iimoto kunye injini evela IL: "Moskvich 412". Le isampuli igama Barkas B1000. Kamva, ngowe-1989, phezu "Launch" zafakelwa diesel 4-stroke motor evela WV. Ngoko isalathiso semizekelo yatshintsha ku B1000-1.

Isiseko ezingundoqo "Longboat B1000" wafumana inani elikhulu specializations. Lapha:

• microbus;
• ezimotweni ambulensi;
• iinjini umlilo;
• ezimotweni bazamile;
• ezimotweni igqunyiwe.

GDR iimoto "Barkas" baba omkhulu wokwakha. Kuba lonke ixesha kwimveliso zabo wakhululwa phantse 180 000 iiyunithi.

Iilori "Ifa"

Ukuze ibinzana elithi "ilori" ELISA "kunzima ukubona ubulungu imoto ethile ukuya inkxalabo ethile. Ngelo xesha lithile eninzi akangowesiphithiphithi, kodwa ekugqibeleni Ifa truck igqalwa imoto W50L kunye igama wesizwe" ellie ". Le leta W kwi isihloko libhekisa kuwo umzi apho yenzelwe le moto - Werdau ileta L -. isixeko apho iveliswa -. inani 50 Ludwigsfelde uthi ilori ntli quintals-50, okanye tonnes-5.

Ifa W50L waba unit amandla diesel kuqala kunye neelitha 110. s, yaye emva ukuguqulwa -. kunye neelitha 125. a. Ikhupha inani elikhulu kwemigaqo evenini. Qiniseka Kwakukho abacimi, milenge, izkulahla iilori, rigs wokugrumba. Le ifoto lori wamajoni GDR nazo iya kuboniswa kanye W50L.

Truck "ellie" imfuneko enkulu yaye ethandwa kakhulu nje kuphela eMpuma Jamani, kodwa phesheya. I-USSR uye wasebenzisa kwakhona kancinane ilori kunye ilori flatbed. Kwisithuba seminyaka-25 yonke ukusuka yokuthutha wehla iiyunithi ezingaphezulu kwama-570 amawaka.

Le iilori "Robur"

"Robur" yi izigadla eliphakathi umsebenzi, ziveliswe ngo-1961 kwidolophu Zittau. LO Model 2500 ntli ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-2.5 payload. Kwabakho a version diesel LD 2500 yaye zonke-wheel drive uguqulelo yomkhosi LO 1800a, owazeka impahla 1800 kg.

Ngo-1973 kwakukho ukuguqulwa kwicala yokwandisa kukugcina. Ngoku imoto diesel waphakamisa iitoni 2.6 nepetroli - iitoni ezingama-3 no-2. Powertrains ngokuba unamandla ngakumbi. 75 "amahashe" baye baba ipetroli "Robur"-70 - diesel. Cab wahlala ayitshintshanga kwaye wagcinwa abantu 3.

Imoto wayengekho popular njengoko Ifa W50L, kunye yee-70s baqalisa yalupheleyo. Phantse zonke iimoto impahla GDR, iifoto apho kungabonwa kweli nqaku, uye ezilula emboxo. Kodwa umsantsa eliyinhloko, Kakade ke, zobugcisa.

Elula wagon multikar

izithuthi GDR baba iimoto ipaki kunye nezigadla. Ke phakathi kwabo kwakukho izinto ezifana Multicar. Oku ukukhanya-umsebenzi iilori iinjongo ezahlukeneyo. Iinkampani ezivelisa multikary wabiza - Multicar. Sagcina ekunene ukuya ku-2005.

multikary GDR Okokuqala zilungiselelwe ukuhanjiswa kwempahla ngaphakathi kwizakhiwo yokugcina kunye mveliso. Oku izithuthi diesel DK2002 kunye DK2003. Kamva, le DK2004 imodeli modified ogama Multicar M21. Le lori kwakhona iye ngcembe kabanzi. Ukuba ekuqaleni umqhubi nako ukuma kuphela waza ke wahlala phantsi, waza ekugqibeleni waba ekharejini multikara kabini.

iibhasi GDR

Ukongeza epaki iimoto kunye neelori kwi GDR kwakukho inkampani yebhasi lemveliso. Bona eziveliswa lweshishini yabucala Fritz Fleischer. Brand S1 and S2 iibhasi ezakhiwayo ngokusekelwe Ifa H6B. Kule 70s imodeli yokuqala umzimba endaweni kunye negama: S4 kunye S5, ngokulandelelana kwazo. Cars yophawu GDR S4, S5 kude kube sekupheleni 80 sika-inkonzo enkulu, kuba ngaphandle amazwe "Ikarus" iibhasi kwi Union kusaba.

endaweni yesiphelo

Ukuqwalasela i GDR model iimoto, uya kuyazi imbali yonke ukuyilwa. cars nzima yaye ebukekayo benkangeleko ngokupheleleyo abancedi abantu baloo maxesha. Kwaye kweli xesha zimoto GDR - yokufuna nje.