Engineering umangale okanye imbali turbines kokusungulwa

ngekhulu XII yabalasela imbonakalo injini yokuqala. Esi sisiganeko apho kuye kwavela oomatshini imishini ngcembe shishino kunye nobuchwepheshe indawo lamandla oluntu. Kuphuhliso lwamashisini ke limi ngxi. yonke imbali yophuhliso yayo luphawulwa khangela izisombululo abayili emhlabeni umsebenzi ofanayo - ukudalwa Pore the samanzi.

Kunjalo, imbali fyabo zivela kwinkulungwane turbines XIX xa Isazinzulu Swedish Charles Patrick Laval kokusungulwa isahluli ubisi. Ukujonga ukusombulula ingxaki ukunyusa isantya kwesi sixhobo, uCarl wasungula lo injini umphunga, leyo eyenzelwe kwinkulungwane XIX emva kwexesha. Ivili ephendulwa unalo ifomu kunye iincakuba, jet umphunga ukukhupha ukusuka kumbhobho kwivili icinezelwe kunye untwist incakuba. Le zohlobo lwe ISAZINZULU yomphunga icholwa ezahlukeneyo ubukhulu kunye nokumila ixesha elide, nto leyo amalinge ixesha elide wagqiba ukuba ityhubhu kufuneka Cone-ezimile. Esi sixhobo kusetyenziswa kule mini, yaye ubizwa ngokuba 'umlomo Laval ". Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ukusungulwa Laval yayilula ngokwaneleyo xa uqala, isixhobo, kwaba ummangaliso kwezobunjineli. Kodwa emva kwexesha elithile izazinzulu ixesha - mbono singqiniwe ukuba fyabo usebenzisa umlomo injini ngomphunga Lovaglio unika awona manqaku aphezulu.

Isazinzulu British Charles Parsons wenza igalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso shishino. Baye ixhume a ophephela ngomphunga kunye umvelisi namandla, ngoko, i-injini nako ukuvelisa umbane. Ekupheleni kweminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu Parsons owavela injini ye jet ngempumelelo eliphezulu. Ngexesha elifutshane ngaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu turbines jet kusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa umbane, kunye isityalo amandla yokuqala ehlabathini usebenzisa jet ze turbine umphunga yakhiwa kwiminyaka elishumi kamva. Ngenxa yoko, wayila wokuyihlaziya Parsons injini indlela Laval. Kwakhona isitya Parsons yakhiwa usebenzisa i drive ye-injini umphunga, i-injini bandula ke ifakwe kwi neenqanawa ezininzi. Njengokuba ixesha lihamba, idatha ye-injini nalo asetyenziswe kwizityalo wamandla oshushu.

Imbali Further kwasungulwa turbines lihamba kwinkulungwane XX phezulu xa Umsunguli French Ogyust Rato wakha multistage injini umphunga, apho parameters elilelona zokuquba uxinzelelo injini kwisigaba ngasinye zibalwe.

Ngapha koko,, uphuhlise nzulu American Glen Curtis le injini kuye, apho iifayile ezisetyenziswa inkqubo entsha wakwenza waba ubungakanani encinane kunye noyilo protocols. Ezi turbines ziye zasetyenziswa kulwakhiwo kweenkqubo zezithuthi, ukuba ezifakwe abonakalisi kuqala, ngoko kwiinqanawa zomkhosi, ekugqibeleni, xa ethwala abantu.

Ngenxa yoko, ii-injini imbali fyabo uchaza iindlela ezininzi ukufumana injini ubushushu izazinzulu ngenkulungwane XIX lula nenoqoqosho. Omnye nabasunguli liphuhlise injini ubushushu, apho zamafutha combusted akwitankana bekuya, ke ngoko, i-injini enjalo zibekwe kakuhle kule lori. Ezinye izazinzulu injini baphuculwa ukuze kwandiswe amandla alo kunye nokusebenza.

Ukusukela namhlanje, eli bali liqala 'umnqwazi turbines amagama amakhulu afana Laval, Parsons kunye Curtis. Zonke ezi izazinzulu kunye nabasunguli baye benza igalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso lwamashisini kunye nezothutho amakhonkco ehlabathini lonke. impumelelo yazo ibaluleke kakhulu lonke uluntu. Kodwa ibalulekileyo ukunwenwa kwesi uhlobo lwamandla, ezifana nombane. Okwangoku, oosonzululwazi data fyabo ngokubanzi zisetyenziswa ehlabathini kulwakhiwo iinqanawa kunye nezityalo namandla.