Equatorial ibhanti: indawo. Equatorial ibhanti: iimpawu

On Earth ihlaba 13 imozulu. Iikhrayitheriya ukwabiwa ezi imimandla lixhomekeke kwizinto ezimbini: ubungakanani imisebe yelanga kunye ezikhoyo khona umoya.

Ukugqama indawo okuyo

Ummandla babesuke na indawo esembindini yomhlaba. It ekufuphi-ikhweyitha, kwaye ngokunjalo got igama layo. Lo mbhinqo - enye kuphela 13 ithande ukuba iphazanyiswe, oko kukuthi, loo nto ayithethi encircles ngokupheleleyo Umhlaba njengezinye imozulu. Kumacala omabini sentshinyela zazibekwe subequatorial emNtla nase ikhweyitha Southern. Linxibelelanisa: 5 ° -8 ° c. w. ku-4 ° -11 ° S. w.

kwicandelo lommandla

Le ibhanti babesuke ithathwa ngokusisigxina (main) - oku kuthetha ukuba kunyaka wonke kummandla ayihambelani ukutshintsha imozulu kunye nemozulu, okukhoyo khona umoya ezifanayo - zemvula. Oku lula awucacise indawo okuyo. Equatorial ibhanti ibhekisa kwimimandla emithathu esekwe apho imozulu ekhethekileyo umi:

• Ilizwekazi Umzantsi Melika ngaphakathi kummandla Amazon.
• Mpumalanga Africa: inxalenye alo, kwaye i-Gulf of Guinea.
• A indawo enkulu, yaye ummandla wamanzi ekufutshane i-Greater Sunda Islands.

Basics sezulu

Iimeko zemozulu yale izowuni ziyafana. Bona ebonakala:

• amaqondo obushushu rhoqo phezulu;
• elinye ixesha lonyaka (ehlotyeni);
• imali ezinkulu kwemvula (amanani mkhulu ehlabathini);
• ubukho babesuke khona umoya leyo baphenjelelwa indawo eendawo;
• Equatorial ibhanti luphawulwa ukufuma phezulu;
• amandla, imimoya elifutshane;
• iindidi ebanzi enezityalo nezilwanyana;
• iimeko ezimbi ukuze kuhlale abantu.

features zezulu

lobushushu Umyinge lommandla sentshinyela sele kuluhlu + 24 ° ... + 28 ° C. Oku kungenxa rhoqo nani isikhundla esiphezulu ngokulinganayo lwe Sun kuthelekiswa-ikhweyitha. Kungenxa yesi sizathu ukuba kukho utshintsho imperceptible nawemithendeleko, kwaye umahluko lobushushu eliphantsi ephezulu 2 ° kuphela C (izinga eliphantsi ehlabathini). Ibhalansi radiation kummandla - 70-90 kcal / cm ² ngonyaka ngamnye. Elwandle, oko kwandisa ukuya kwi-120 kcal / cm ² ngonyaka ngamnye. Kulo mmandla, edambile, ukuba luphawulwa ukuzola. womoya ibhanti sentshinyela ephantsi.

Kwi indawo kumacala omabini-ikhweyitha yimimoya zorhwebo yimvula, ukudala apha eyayinethombo rhoqo umoya ifumile. Le ukufuma isihlobo kulo mmandla yahluka 80-95%. Ezi zizathu ezimbini (ukufuma kunye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu) ukuba amanzi imimandla kwemini. I-avareji imvula yonyaka kwi ibhanti sentshinyela - 2 000-3 000 mm (kumathambeka, eli nani ukunyuka ukuya mm / kunyaka-10 000), ukwenza le mimandla kufuneka kakhulu emanzi kakhulu kwiplanethi yethu. ukufuma kakhulu kungenxa kwayo imvula phezu kwamanzi abe ngumphunga (ku-1000 mm). Bona ngamafuphi kwi eziFihliweyo asezantsi.

iimpawu ngesimo nomhlaba

Kwindawo sentshinyela ngokukhethekileyo ngokunzima zizakubalulwa iinkqubo zokwakheka komhlaba. Umzekelo prime bekuya kuba ibhanti sentshinyela eAfrika. Le ngingqi yinto efanayo - ziimozulu uqweqwe enamandla:

• ngokuba kwimimandla esezantsi luphawulwa ukhukuliseko lateral;
• oneentlambo ebanzi, amathafa zizikhukula ixhaphakile;
• kwimimandla esezintabeni ezintlanjeni komlambo, phezu koko, elimxinwa, zinzulu;
• rhoqo landslides.

Imihlaba ye kummandla - muncu, ferralitic. Bengamahlwempu, wamatye isiqulatho - hayi ngaphezulu kwe-3%, lo gama kokulima okanye ukugawula amahlathi ekuhambeni kwexesha balahlekelwe ukuchuma sawo onke.
Ingakumbi ibhanti sentshinyela na inkqubo ebanzi nenamandla nemin. Kungenxa yale ngingqi umlambo zinzulu zehlabathi - Amazon.

umhlaba emifuno

kwemozulu zone kudala iimeko ezifanele ekukhuleni ukufuma evergreen ihlathi. Gil ebizwa ehlathini (eMzantsi Melika - yinto kwihlathi, okanye "ehlathini lemvula"). Ezi emasimini luphawulwa imbali elide, eziphilayo kakhulu, kukho inani elikhulu iintlobo zikho. In Gil kuchuma ngaphezu kwesiqingatha zonke izityalo kunye nezilwanyana zonke umhlaba, kukholelwa ukuba amawaka ntlobo ahlale abangaziwayo. Ingakumbi ibhanti sentshinyela amanga neqiniso ukuba amahlathi emvula iqanjwa kwiiseli ezininzi. Liphezulu - imithi. Zinelungelo ifatyi kwinqanaba eliphezulu, kumila tye. maleko eliphakathi ibandakanya Liana. Kwakhona, ungenza rhoqo ukufumana kwaye aluncedo (imveliso kunye noshishino) iintlobo - ikoko, irabha, breadfruit, utyala ngamaplanga elinombala.

jikelele silwane

Umbhinqo babesuke le Umhlaba yindawo ekhethekileyo yokuhlala abameli ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana. Zibekiwe apha inani elikhulu iintlobo. Abaninzi kubo baye siqheliswe ngakumbi ukuba sibenokuphila apha phezu kwemithi nezithsaba zabo. Oku kwenzeka kummandla inani elikhulu lazo, sloths, anteaters, capuchins, leencanda umthi, langurs, opossums, amalulwane, amacilikishe, amasele ndyoka. Ukususela nezilwanyana aqhelekile imikhombe, iimvubu, iindlovu, tapirs. Ezidla - amalungu kuphela ikati - amahlosi kunye jaguar, leyo zikwalungiselelwe ebomini emithini. Ukongeza, amahlathi ethandwa - indawo efanelekileyo yokuhlala iintaka ezahlukeneyo izinambuzane. A phawu uphawu kummandla - bonke bephela eziqaqambileyo, "eziyityhefu" umbala.

iingxaki zokusingqongileyo

Umbhinqo babesuke le Umhlaba kungokunje bajamelene ungenelelo kakhulu ngakwicala uluntu. Kwaye oku kukhokelela utshintsho ezingenakugwemeka yokusingqongileyo. Kwaye ke, simele siqonde ukuba ngcono. A Yaziwa kakuhle ukuba hlathi - oko iplanethi "lula". Isabelo inkulu waxhuzula yi kumasimi ifumile zemvula. Kodwa utshintsho bafa kubume sendawo wehlathi zenzeka kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Yokuba ezenziwe ngumntu. Uninzi aqingqiweyo phantsi imithi eziseludinini, ekucaca ukuba kwanokupheliswa iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana. Inxalenye amahlathi kususwa athathelwa indawo zokutyala yekofu okanye ezinye.

Iimeko zokuvumela ukuba abantu

Noko ke, nakuba zonke izinto ezifanelekileyo ukuze uhlale apha kunye nokwanda enezityalo nezilwanyana, umbhinqo sentshinyela elingamncediyo kakhulu abantu abahlala apha. Kakade ke, iphenjelelwa indawo yayo okuyo. Ummandla babesuke ebonakala ukufuma eliphezulu lobushushu rhoqo ashushu. Kodwa ezi zinto, nayo, ibe nefuthe elibi kakhulu kwimpilo yabantu. Ukongeza, ezi ke iimeko ezifanele ekubunjweni nakujoliso olutsha wendalo izifo ezinobungozi. Njengoko inani elikhulu izinambuzane oluyityhefu ifumaneka ibhanti sentshinyela, izilwanyana kunye nezityalo.

Amazwe ibhanti sentshinyela

Yonke indawo efanayo kwamanye amazwe akhawunti ukuba ummandla kwemozulu zemvula. E Umzantsi Melika, ummandla lugubungela kwinxalenye esempuma Brazil, Ecuador, Uganda. E-Afrika, oko ilizwe the Congo, Gabon, Kenya. Isiqithi inxalenye - Sunda Islands of. New Guinea, malunga. Sri Lanka kunye Malay Peninsula (Indonesia).