EU umyalelo RoHS - ntoni na?

Okwangoku, uluntu ehlabathini ngakumbi ingqalelo ngakumbi nemiba yokusingqongileyo. Ngu ephala na uphuhliso zobuchwepheshe obutsha, imigodi, ukuyohlala kwiindawo koozintlango nasezintabeni. Nangona kunjalo, kunye kwiinkalo ezakhayo inxulumene ngqo emva izinto zabo ezimbi: ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, ukuphela enezityalo nezilwanyana, kwamahlathi, ozone luya, kwamanani yobutyebi engahlaziyekiyo , njalo njalo. Zonke ezi zinto zibe nefuthe elibi ubomi babantu kunye nezempilo, kunye nenzala yakhe. Ukuze kukhuselwe ubutyebi bendalo, kwakunye pre-empt ukuvela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwezifo ezibulalayo kwaye kakhulu ezinxulumene nophuhliso mihla, amazwe badla ukuphumeza ukuvalwa malunga nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinobungozi emzimbeni ephilileyo. Enye yezi zikhokelo kuxhomekeke kwisigqibo RoHS. Yintoni na kwaye yintoni uhlobo lomsebenzi isetyenziswa - ichazwe kweli nqaku.

Ukwalelwa kwezinto eziyingozi

NgoJulayi 2006, kwintlanganiso elandelayo ye-European Union Ilungu States lo myalelo zisayiniwe, njengako apho abeke izithintelo malunga nokusetyenziswa amacandelo athile nophuhliso lwezixhobo elektroniki okanye zombane. Esi sigqibo yaziwa ngokuba RoHS. Yintoni oku kuthetha ukuba ziqonde? Ukwalelwa kwezinto eziyingozi - oku isihloko ngokupheleleyo myalelo. Eli binzana liguqulelwa ngokuthi "Ukwalelwa kwezinto eziyingozi." Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba lo myalelo ayikho yokuqala elolu hlobo. It nje kwazala elinyusayo sandayo inani amaxwebhu elawula iiteknoloji ezintsha ezamkelekileyo kokusingqongileyo. I sigqibo sokuqala, leyo uxhomekeke kumlo ekuhlambululeni umhlaba, iye WEEE umyalelo kwi European Union. Sia abbreviation kumi zombini Inkunkuma evela Electrical and Electronic Equipment, gama elo elithetha "Inkunkuma yombane kunye Electronic Equipment." Kungekudala kuqhuba RoHS uxwebhu. Ukuba esi sigqibo siza kuba ithandwa kwaye ufumane inkxaso, kungekuphela eYurophu kodwa kude ngaphaya kwemida yayo, nzima ukukukholelwa. Noko ke, ngalo mzuzwana, enkosi manyathelo athathwe entsimini yomthetho ehlabathini lwa kwezinto eziphilayo kunye ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa eluhlaza.

Ukuphelisa kwezinto ezinobungozi: amathandathu "hayi"

uxwebhu RoHS iyayiqhobosha ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezintandathu ezichazwe ngezantsi.

1. Lead. Kwinkqubo imichiza ngamaxesha athile, eli element ubizwa ngokuba PB. Lead yenye izinto ezininzi eziyingozi, iziphumo etshabalalisayo kwi eziphilayo. Ukufumaneka eliphezulu lo myalezo we iikhompawundi kunye nenxaxheba yakhe imveliso kufuneka ingadluli 0.1% yabo bebonke.
2. Isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe. nesikhundla sayo Latin - Z. Ipesenti Umxholo lwesi sakhi mayingagqithi 0,01 ubunzima iqhezu lonke.
3. Mercury. Le into eziyingozi yaye libhekisela isinyithi kwi lwezakhi ibizwa ngokuba HG. ayikwazi ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-0.1% Ubuninzi ingqalelo le nto.
4. iimfuno ezifanayo ezi imetyhuri hexavalent chromium (Kr + 6). Ngobume bayo, iyeza i oxidizer eyomeleleyo kunye nezinto ezinobungozi kakhulu.
5. Ngaphezu koko, inamehlo ayityhefu kakhulu kunye bromine (Br), njengoko biphenyls polybrominated.
6. glycol diphenyl Polybrominated. Amaxesha amaninzi ezi mathiriyeli (5 no-6) ezisetyenziswa ubugcisa elektroniki izinto ezinjalo abayi phantsi ucinezelo ngokukhawuleza. Le xi liphezulu nganye kwezi zinto akufuneki igqithe 0.1% yabo bebonke.

Umnqweno ukuphucula ihlabathi

Kakade ke, lo nomqathango wokusetyenziswa kwezi zinto zingasentla ekulandeleni iinjongo ezithile. Xa usebenzisa imichiza nabungozi kakhulu kwaye zimsulwa abenzi phambili ndinqwenela eliphezulu:

• ukunciphisa ukungcoliseka kunye nokutshatyalaliswa koko imifinya komhlaba begazi;
• ezikhawulezileyo ubuthi ezi zinto zingasentla kunokwenzeka, yaye oko koku kunye nokuthintela iingxaki zempilo abantu abasebenzisa okanye ukusebenza elektroniki ezingakhuselekanga okanye izixhobo zombane.

Kubavelisi electronic

bachatshazelwa yi uxwebhu eyamkelweyo Yekabani umdla RoHS? Ukuba esi sigqibo uxhaswe, kwaye ngaphandle Europe - Ayimangalisi. Enyanisweni, amazwe amaninzi abathumela impahla kummandla Union. Ngoko ke, ukuze zamkelwe ngayo kwimarike yaseYurophu, elektroniki okanye iimveliso zombane kufuneka ihlangane eyandisiweyo iimfuno zokusingqongileyo. Ukuba iimpahla zikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo, ukuba libekwe phezu RoHS ileyibhile ehambelene, gama elo elithetha "ozifezekisayo iimfuno RoHS Directive."

Yonke singqongwe

Ngoko ke, ngokutsho xwebhu kuchaziwe, izixhobo zombane okanye ngekhompyutha, apho sisebenzisa kubomi bemihla ngemihla, kufuneka athobele ukhuseleko eziphilayo. Ngoko ke, RoHS tablet kufuneka ibe azikhuli abaphambili kunye nezinye izinto eziyingozi. Oku kukwasebenza ezahlukeneyo zombane kunye nezixhobo, iinkqubo izibane, izinto zokudlala, zalapho oluzenzekelayo, zombane kunye nezixhobo ze-elektroniki njalo njalo. Okwangoku, kubavelisi bokubabambela icuba kunye necuba nawo ukunikela ingqalelo kolu xwebhu. Amaxesha amaninzi amagama "RoHS umdiza elektroniki» ingafumaneka ezivenkileni. Olu didi impahla, nangona nje engeyongozi ngokupheleleyo (ngenxa yobukho nicotine), kodwa wathi ukungabikho izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ukwenza imveliso, ezinobungozi kunye izinto olonakalisayo.