Lithium-ion: ukuba imali njani okokuqala. Lithium-ion: ukuba imali, iimbono kunye neengcebiso nendlela eyiyo

indoda Modern Andiqondi ukuba ndingaphila bam ngaphandle selfoni, tablet, laptop yakho, izilumkiso eziphathwayo, screwdriver, isibane kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinokuthi ukusebenza ukususela unikezelo ngamandla avela ibhetri. Ngokuqhelekileyo izixhobo ezifana kusetyenziswa imithombo yamandla lwe Lithium-ion.

Abaninzi baya kucela, kutheni olu hlobo lokugcina eneji amaninzi ezisetyenziswa kwizixhobo zombane. Impendulo elula ezicacileyo - neebhetri lwe Lithium-ion mincinci kwaye makafumane ixesha ngokwaneleyo enkulu - ukusuka 300 ukuya ku-2000 imijikelo kwentlawulo-nokukhutshwa. Kungenxa yokuba ngeenxa zonke kuthi ezininzi izinto ngamandla olu hlobo, umntu ngamnye kufuneka wazi ukuba imali indlela ibhetri lwe Lithium-ion.

Yintoni na le ibhetri Li-Ion

Ngaphandle kokuba wonke umntu bejamelene sobonelelo ngamandla ukuba, asinguye wonke umntu uyaqonda ukuba uhlobo ibhetri kwaye amalungiselelo ngayo. Le ndlela ilula kwaye iqhelekileyo umthombo wamandla lwe Lithium-ion for mobile phones. It has isakhiwo: umlawuli Upper kukulawula isigxina-wampompoza, ngaphantsi iseli lesibini (bank).

Ngowe-99% of iibhetri for mobile phones usebenzisa iseli ibhetri omnye kuphela, abaziingcali kwiintetho yayo kusoloko kubhekiselwa kwibhanki yakhe. Le ombane rated ngayo umbane ngu 3.7 volts.

Icebo unalo umlawuli ekhethekileyo (normal ikhadi IC), apho kwenzeka kugesi ibhetri. Ngenxa eyakha inxalenye yayo, kuye kwenziwe konke okusemandleni ukuba kungenzeki meko abazimeleyo, nto leyo iza kukhokelela umonakalo ngokukhawuleza umbane.

Indlela ukungakuhlawulisi kwixesha lokuqala

Abaninzi kuni mhlawumbi ukhumbule wonke umntu wathi ibhetri entsha kufuneka kuziswa obhobhozayo epheleleyo kwaye ngoko ngokupheleleyo isigxina, kwaye ukwenza njalo kathathu ngayo. Le nkqubo kuqala zaryadok ngokwenene na, ngokwenene ufuna, kodwa Ni-CD Ni-MH iibhetri. neebhetri ezinjalo zifakwa emva phones ngokwaneleyo yakudala, leyo ngoku phantse nje kukhutshwa.

Indlela ibattery lwe Lithium-ion okokuqala, uyazi ukuba wonke umntu aze aqalise ukwenza inkqubo liphele. Iibhetri yale hlobo zilungiswe ngendlela eyahlukileyo, kunye nenkqubo ukubhobhoza enzulu okubi kakhulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto izixhobo ezinjalo ithengiswa kunye isigxina 2/3 le izikhongozeli, kodwa hayi umntu ukukhangela ifowuni okanye esinye isixhobo.

Ngelishwa, kubathengi kaninzi ngokwaneleyo, phambi kwexesha lokuqala ibattery lwe Lithium-ion, ukukhumbula imihla yakudala, qala angasuswa ngokupheleleyo, Bayisa ngaloo phantse kwaoko isiqingatha yalo yokuphila. Ngoko ke lumka kwaye siphephe iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ezikhokelela ukusilela ibhetri.

Indlela ibattery lwe Lithium-ion?

Imeko elilelona kokusebenza Li-ion umthombo wamandla inqanaba intlawulo eqhelekileyo kukuba kwinqanaba 20-80%. Ezi zixhobo abakuthandi ukutshaja ixesha elide, kwaye nangona ibhetri a umlawuli okhethekileyo, nto leyo akasivumeli, kodwa kukho abanye abathengi iintsuku baqhubeka ukutshajisa. Yinto engenamsebenzi ngokupheleleyo, yaye ngaloo ndlela bandise ukusebenza ifowuni, yaye vice versa.

Lithium-ion 18650

Le ibhetri ngokumila zezindlu kunye nenkangeleko ifana ngokupheleleyo kwebhetri eqhelekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba abenzi abanganyanisekanga, ngeendlela zonke ezama ukwandisa yokuthengisa, qala ukubonisa iimpawu ngokugqithisileyo. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho amandla angakumbi-uhlobo Li-ion 18650 ibhetri ngaphezu 3400 mAh ibhetri. Ukuba ibhetri zibonisa inani elikhulu oku, kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba umenzi overstates ngabom iimpawu iimpahla. Ngelo xesha kukho amathuba ephakamileyo enyanisweni ibhetri makangabi ngaphezulu kwe-2.200 mah.

Indlela kwamacala Lithium-ion 18650

Bathethele ezi iibhetri kuphela kwitshaja olulodwa, nto wathengisa ngayo nayiphi na ivenkile ngezixhobo. Ukuze ukumangalela iibhetri lwe Lithium-ion kufuneka kwitshaja, apho ombane lincinane ayikho ngaphantsi kwe 2.2 kunye ubuninzi - hayi ngaphezulu kwe 4.35. akufunekanga ibe ngaphezulu kwe kabini amandla ibhetri yokumpompoza yangoku. Oko kukuthi, ukuba ibhetri 2000 mAh, i yangoku kwitshaja battery kufuneka ingabi ngaphezu kwama-4000 mAh umthamo.

Njani yingozi ukutshaja ixesha elide kungabenza kunye nokugxothwa enzulu?

Ngenxa yokuba abantu abazi ukuba zihlawulise indlela ibhetri lwe Lithium-ion, kaninzi yenza iimpazamo kwaye ugcine loo nto ixesha elide ukuba ityala, okanye, icala, ukuba ukulibala ngayo ixesha elide. Ziziphi iingozi lokusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga yeebhethri? Eyona nto kukuba kulo mzekelo, ion lithium ukuhamba ukusuka electrode omnye komnye. Ebambekayo electrode ngokwabo inokuba ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kwisifundo esithile, ezi nkcukacha awabalulekanga kangaka.

Ngamafutshane, kokukhona ibhetri, Lithium ion abangakumbi electrode na. Ukuba ixabiso labo rhoqo kwi eliphezulu, kule meko yenzeka banxibe kakuhle nozilo ifowuni.

Amabhetri ophethe

neebhetri Li-Ion bafumene ithandwa enkulu yaye ngoba zikhona izinto eziliqela iinketho kunokuba unako ebayala.

Eyona ndlela kakhulu siyavakala kwaye echanekileyo ibattery lwe Lithium-ion - intonga kwitshaja. Ngenxa kwisixhobo ekhethekileyo ukufumana intlawulo ibhetri ubuninzi kweli xesha lifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu koko, kukhuselekile ngokupheleleyo ibhetri.

Abo abazi ukuba ityala indlela ibhetri lwe Lithium-ion, ukuba isandla wayengekho itshaja rhoqo, ukuba sikwazise wena, ukuba oko kungenzeka kwaye ngoncedo ikhompyutha kunye USB. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko enjalo, ngoku uya kufikelela amperes 0.5 kuphela.

Kungenzeka kwakhona ukuba ibattery Li-Ion nge lo mdiza elula emotweni. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iivenkile ezininzi athengise ezizodwa USB-iadaptha, ezikunika kul ezahlukeneyo. Indlela yangoku ukumangalela iibhetri lwe Lithium-ion, kungcono ukufumana amaxwebhu ibonelelwe yefowuni yakho, laptop okanye esinye isixhobo. Isambuku iibhetri icala kusuka volts 3.7 ukuya kwi-19. Nangona kunjalo, kukho imifuziselo iibhetri, ekufuneka ibe ombane ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi. Xa kunjalo, akuyomfuneko ubungozi, kodwa kwakhona kunoko khangela kule ncwadana.

Ukuba akukho nalunye lwezi iindlela zangaphambili akaphenduli ukuxhuzula, ungasebenzisa endala, kodwa esasebenza kwisixhobo namhlanje eye eyaziwa ngokuba "Isele". izixhobo ezinjalo ziyilelwe ngakumbi neebhetri of mobile phones. Uyilo "Isele" ilula: kukho esemkhumbini apho isethi lwe Lithium-ion, kwakunye nabo, adjustable ububanzi. Ngenxa yoko, le ntlawulo iya zilungele phantse naluphi na uhlobo ibhetri.

Njengoko ubona, ibhetri ukubiza iindlela ezininzi. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ibattery lwe Lithium-ion, qiniseka ukuba ayinayo ufikelelo kugesi rhoqo. Ezinye iindlela ezisetyenziswa xa kuyimfuneko. Abazi benzakalise ibhetri, kodwa ukutshaja original kufuneka kube yinto ebekwa phambili xa kuthelekiswa nabanye.

Ukuba umntu akazi ukuba ityala indlela Li-Ion ngetshaja screwdriver, ngoko ukunazisa ukuba oku kufuneka kwenziwe womserbia ezikhethekileyo kuphela, nto leyo uyasondela izikhwebu ngefoni. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe, ukuba intlawulo akaphumeleli kwaye akukho kungenzeka ukuthenga entsha, umzekelo, ngaphezu le modeli akwenziwa, ngoko kulo mzekelo uqhagamshelo lwangaphakathi neebhetri eziliqela uhlobo 18650, kwaye sifakwe kwibhokisi kunye intlawulo yokuqala. Koda kube nini na uhlobo ibhetri 18650, akunakwenzeka ukuba bathi, konke oko kuxhomekeke ombane le screwdriver.

Ukulinganiswa

Malunga omnye emva kweenyanga ezintathu, kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka athathe i yokumpompoza ibhetri ngokupheleleyo. Kulo mzekelo, eli Ibhetri ngokuzimeleyo uyenze imida kwentlawulo kunye nokukhutshwa izixhobo ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba icebo, nto leyo ifakwe Li-Ion ngetshaja, ukubonisa ulwazi malunga isigxina yayo. Ukuba ixesha elide iye akazange abakhutshwa ngokupheleleyo, ukuze kubonakale ngolwazi olububuxoki malunga ipesenti kwentlawulo bebhetri.

Emva kokuba ibhetri iyakhutshwa ngokupheleleyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba imali ngokupheleleyo kwi-100% xa ifowuni icinyiwe. Jonga ibhetri yokutshaja ixesha banokuba imiyalelo. Ukuba emva xesha wajika kwisixhobo, nesigxina ubonisa ngaphantsi kwe-100%, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba uyikhubazise kwakhona ukuhlasela logama nje kungekho kwinqanaba lokuzala-kwentlawulo.

indawo yokubeka

Ukuba ixesha elide akayi ukusebenzisa ibhetri, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo eyodwa kufuneka igcinwe ngayo. intlawulo Optimal ithathwa 30-60% lomthamo. I battery kufuneka cool ngokwaneleyo kwigumbi apho ubushushu umoya igcinwa ngeenxa degrees 15. Ukuba ibhetri igcinwe semeko ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ke kwixesha elizayo uvula uya kufumanisa ukuba amandla ayo yehlile kakhulu.

Xa ifowuni eshiywe ngokupheleleyo na elahliweyo, lunochatha. Kungenzeka kakhulu kwiinyanga ezintandathu kuya kufuneka ukuba uthathe ukuze isetyenziswe kwakhona. iibhetri Lithium-ion akufuneki zigcinwe ixesha elide ekubhobhozeni enzulu.

nobushushu yangaphandle

Enye tshaba kunabo Li-Ion ngetshaja - amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, bona ngokupheleleyo Asikunyamezeli. Umnini wale hlobo ibhetri kufuneka kungavunyelwa wadibana ilanga lakhe, musa ukubeka loo kufuphi kwiradiyetha okanye eminye imithombo radiation ubushushu. amaqondo obushushu aphezulu avumelekile ukusetyenziswa kwebhetri - +50 degrees. Ukuba sityeshele iimeko ubushushu, kungenzeka kuphela iinyanga ezimbalwa ibhetri entsha aya kujika abe ibhuqiwe.

isiphelo

Ngoku uyazi ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuze imali iibhethri lwe Lithium-ion kwaye kungenziwa njani na. Ukushwankathela konke oku kungasentla, iingongoma eziphambili zilandelayo:

1. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ibhetri kufuneka kusoloko kuhlawuliswa iintlawulo yokuqala.
2. Echanekileyo ibattery kwi-80%, ukubhobhoza ixabiso alithe ngaphantsi kwama-20%.
3. Musa ukuyigcina kwindawo eqondo kwitshaja ngokusisigxina, kwaye ayikhuthazwa ukuba intlawulo epheleleyo.

Phantsi imithetho ezilula ezimbalwa ezifana Li-Ion ngetshaja ye iya kuhlala kakhulu ixesha elide, kunye nale ukusetyenziswa eneji ziya kuhlala kwinqanaba eliphezulu.