Far Eastern Republic. Imbali uxhaso karhulumente

Ngexesha Civil War on emanxuweni yoBukhosi baseRashiya, kwakukho eninzi lwamaqumrhu karhulumente. Ezinye zazo iphila kwaye zikhona eminyaka, kwaye abanye isekhona namhlanje (Poland, Finland). Ubomi omnye kuphela ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbalwa okanye iintsuku. Omnye iimanyano karhulumente, apho kwavela phezu emanxuweni ubukhosi, waye Far Eastern Republic (dda).

Imvelaphi ku dda

Ekuqaleni kuka-1920 kweli Far East elalisakuba yoBukhosi baseRashiya waba kunokuba imeko enzima. Nangona kule ntsimi kwenzeka iziganeko ezibalulekileyo War Civil. Ngexesha lohlaselo, Workers 'kwaye Abalimi' Red Army (Red Army) kunye wombhodamo lwangaphakathi lwalusiwa ekuthiwa-Kolchak karhulumente Russian nekomkhulu yayo eOmsk, phambi kokuba lowo ulawula uninzi eSiberia nakwiMpuma Ekude. Iintsalela of Education wathabatha isihloko ngaphandle zasempuma eRashiya waza wanikel 'imikhosi yayo kwimpuma Transbaikalia, kunye iziko Chita phantsi kobunkokheli Ataman Grigoriya semenova.

Vladivostok iphumelele kuvukela exhaswa yi kwiBolsheviks. Kodwa ke urhulumente waseSoviet kwakungekho ungxamile encamathisela ngqo ukuya kummandla RSFSR, kwakubon 'ukuba kukho isoyikiso amandla yesithathu ebusweni eJapan, nto leyo eye ngokusemthethweni wavakalisa cala layo. Kwangaxeshanye, eli nani lenyuswa laya ubukho bayo basemkhosini kule ngingqi, leyo ethetha ngokucacileyo ukuba kwimeko qhubela karhulumente yiSoviet empuma luvuleleke ukungena ngeziqu axhobe i-Red Army.

Ukuzalwa eFar Eastern Republic

Ukwenzela ukuphepha ingxabano ngqo imikhosi ye-Red Army kunye umkhosi waseJapan, ngokufutshane bababamba amandla e Irkutsk ngoJanuwari 1920 kwiziko SR yezopolitiko selekufakile phambili ingcamango yokuseka i-East Ekude, umbuso buffer. Ngokwendalo, indima ekhokelayo kuso, wamisa ngokwakhe. IiBolsheviks kwakhona wakuthanda, kodwa intloko ngurhulumente omtsha, babona nje kuRhulumente ukususela phakathi kwamalungu RCP (b). Phantsi koxinzelelo imikhosi ophezulu Polittsentr kwanyanzeleka ukuba uze ukuya kunikezela amandla e Irkutsk Military Committee Revolutionary.

Imfundo Far Eastern Republic njengelizwe buffer ingakumbi ngenzondelelo wazama ukuba kuziswe ebomini usihlalo Revolutionary Committee of Irkutsk Alexander Krasnoshekov. Ukusombulula umba ofisi ezizodwa Far Eastern kwi RCP (B) yasekwa ngoMatshi 1920. Ngaphandle Krasnoshchekova baba uAleksandr Shiryamov kunye UNikolai Goncharov amalungu ubalaseleyo Far Eastern Bureau. Kwaba ngexesha uncedo lwabo esebenzayo ye-6 Apreli 1920 Verkhneudinsk (namhlanje Ulan-Ude) wadalwa ngurhulumente omtsha - i Far Eastern Republic.

Abantu Revolutionary Army

ubungayi kuba kwenzeke ngaphandle kwenkxaso asebenzayo Soviet Russia nokudalwa Far Eastern Republic. NgoMeyi 1920 kube nokwazeka ngokusemthethweni urhulumente omtsha. urhulumente eMoscow Kungekudala engundoqo waqala ukunika uncedo ebanzi dda, zombini ezopolitiko kunye nezoqoqosho. Kodwa ngeli thuba, uphuhliso iphambili uhulumeni inkxaso umkhosi wokhuselo RSFSR. Olu hlobo uncedo zibangesiNgesi ekusekweni ngokususela baseMpuma-eSiberia umkhosi yiSoviet imikhosi yayo exhobileyo dda - yaBantu Revolutionary Army (NRA).

Ukudalwa umbuso njengesikhuseli sele ukhethe ikhadi ngexilongo eJapan, apho ngokusemthethweni wavakalisa cala, kwaye kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukurhoxisa imikhosi yayo ukusuka eMpuma Ekude ukuya Julayi 3, 1920. Oku kuvumele NDA ukuphumeza impumelelo ebalulekileyo ekulweni imikhosi nobudlova kule ngingqi, kwaye ngokwenjenjalo nokwandisa ummandla Far Eastern Republic.

October 22, imikhosi Chita awayephantsi Abantu Revolutionary Army, wamshiya ngokungxama Ataman Semyonov. Kungekudala emva koko, kwisixeko urhulumente Verkhneudinsk bafudukela dda.

Emva kokuba yaseJapan ngasekhohlo iyavuma, ekwindla ka-1920 e-Chita yasingatha kwinkomfa abameli Trans-izimvu, Amur kunye Primorye imimandla, apho kwagqitywa ukujoyina le mimandla ibe bengatshatanga - dda. Ngenxa yoko, ekupheleni kuka-1920 Far Eastern Republic elawulwa omninzi East Far.

device dda

Far Eastern Republic kwixesha bobukho bayo, waba isakhiwo eyahlukileyo solawulo-indawo. Ekuqaleni, wawuquka iindawo ezintlanu: Trans-izimvu, ena, Sakhalin, Amur kunye Primorye.

Ngokumalunga ezithile kwabasemagunyeni, ngoko ke inqanaba indima yolawulo karhulumente dda wagabadela iNdibano neqela, anyulwe ngoJanuwari 1921. Yayamkela-siseko, njengoko apho igunya elongamileyo ingqalelo yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe. Le ikhetha ivoti eqhelekileyo lwentando yesininzi. Kwakhona, iNdibano neqela oqeshwe ngurhulumente okhokelwa A. Krasnoshchekov, apho indawo uN Matveev ekupheleni kuka-1921.

White Guard zidale

January 26, 1921 imikhosi White Guard, exhaswa Japan e Vladivostok yabhukuqwayo urhulumente yamaBolshevik, yaye ngaloo ndlela kummandla evela dda. ekuthiwa-urhulumente priamurye lwethutyana kwakheka kwi ummandla kummandla Maritime. Ngenxa qhubela imikhosi ezimhlophe ekupheleni kuka-1921 ukusuka dda iye yaxobuka iyavuma.

Kodwa Ukuqeshwa Blucher imicimbi zomkhosi balungiselele Far Eastern Republic waya ngcono kakhulu. Counteroffensive wahlelwa, ngexesha apho abamhlophe lahluleka enzima, ubelahlekile iyavuma, yaye ekupheleni kuka-Oktobha 1922 zaye Undityhale ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle East Far.

Ukujoyina Far Eastern Republic of State Soviet

Ngoko ke, i Far Eastern Republic (1920 - 1922) iye sazaliseka ngokupheleleyo injongo yayo njengelizwe buffer ukuba imfundo akaninikanga isizathu esisemthethweni ukujoyina eJapan ngxabano evulekileyo axhobe i-Red Army. Ngenxa ukugxothwa imikhosi White Guard ukusuka eMpuma Ekude, ubukho obuqhubekekayo dda waba engafanelekanga. Zavuthwa umbuzo of ukulawula uRhulumente ukuya kwimfundo RSFSR, leyo kwenziwa-15 Novemba 1922 kwi isicelo yoWiso-mthetho yeSizwe. Far East-Peoples Republic yaphela.