Naval Battle of Cape Kaliakra: imbali, ifuthe kunye namanqaku anika umdla

Iinqanawe Russian usoloko odume impumelelo yabo. Uluhlu zoloyiso ubalaseleyo - Battle of Cape Kaliakra. Kwathi ebudeni bemfazwe Russian-Turkish. Xa sikhumbula idabi yomkhosi wamanzi eCape Kaliakra, ibali uthatha ukuba elidlulileyo, kwaye sizifumane Ngo1791.

ibutho elincane

Ukuze siqonde indlela yebhongo ke uloyiso bethu, simele sibe ufifi indlela enamandla ngayo utshaba anayo. Xa kulahlwe Yomphathi Pasha Hussein iinqanawa-18 kunye impahla encinane 43 alunge Algeria, Tripolitania, Tunisia kunye eConstantinople. yonke umkhosi lwabandakanya weenqanawa 16, scorers ezimbini, frigates amabini kunye neempahla ezincinci 19. Anebala Battle of Cape Kaliakra alimwi F. F.Ushakov.

Phambi kokuba wenze yokumisa, umkhosi Turkish kwafuneka ukuba ahambe ngaphesheya koLwandle Black. NgoJuni, iinqanawa utshaba wabonakala kufuphi nonxweme eCrimea kufuphi Balaklava. Ngaphandle ulwazi oko uye Anapa Russian, izithuthi Turkish wangena kwelo cala. Kodwa ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuba mzi uxakekile, andabuya umva. Kule nyanga, kwabakho imfazwe phezu iDanube, apho amajoni Turkish boyiswa. Kodwa fleet utshaba alinayo nayiphi na ithemba lokoyisa. inqanawa yabo inani elikhulu labantu ukusuka 800 ukuya 1,500 ngalinye. I Turks wayenethemba bakhwele enqanaweni, kunokuba zokudubula.

Ukuqala edabini

Iintshaba esixhomekeke kwinkxaso malunga kunxweme Rumelian kufuphi Varna. Le Ushakov ingxelo nobukrelekrele, waza wagqiba ukukhokela edabini butho yakhe. Kunzima ukucinga ukuba kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi izithuthi zethu ayikwazanga ukuya elwandle. Mhlawumbi oku kulibaziseka uye wanceda Russian ukuba kwindawo eyiyo ngexesha elililo. Kwaye oko kwenzeka ngenxa yokungabikho lobonelelo kunye nokungabikho ngoqeqesho neenqanawa ezininzi. ulwazi malunga nalapho nazo bebungekafunyanwa iinqanawa yotshaba. amabutho Turkish yaba yimpazamo ukuba nako awazanga kwangaphambili ukuba utshaba ihamba kwicala labo. Ukuba ke yathuma nje inqanawa besikolo, i-Battle of Cape Kaliakra nako ukuthatha indawo. Ukongeza, iinqanawa utshaba zazizaliswe ukuya ecaleni unxweme kunye kuhlaselwa nangapha abazange alindele, ucinga ukuba ikhuselwe ngokwaneleyo.

kushenxa olukhohlisayo

Admiral Ushakov wagqiba ukusebenzisa mzuzu ngumothuko. Wathumela ibutho lakhe nje phakathi elunxwemeni kunye iinqanawa yotshaba. Ukongeza, i-Russian wayehamba ngumoya. Battle of Cape Kaliakra uIshmayeli lwaqalisa yokuhlaselwa, nto leyo eyabangela panic ngeenqanawa yotshaba. Ngapha koko, nditsho imipu yabo enkulu ndonganyelwa kukoyika ngaselwandle, nto leyo ethetha ukuba oomatrose ababa balwe. Kukumthetheli-zithuthi Turkish wayalela iinqanawa bakhe ukwakha uluhlu yeduli. Nangona kunjalo, oku kushenxa wanikwa kubo akukho lula. Ukuze phaka iinqanawa, oomatiloshe imikhumbi Turkish baqalisa ukusika iintsontelo. Ixesha ndiqale apho iiankile, akazange aqonde. Ngapha koko, ngokucotha ngokutsha, iinqanawa utshaba ulunge, ebangela umonakalo omnye komnye: ukukrazula of iiseyile, waqhekeza nezixhobo.

Utshaba kudlula

iinqanawa Algerian wabaleka Admiral Seyit Ali, ngubani wayethembise ukuba zazise Turkish Sultan "Usak Pasha." Phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, bazama songe iinqanawa aziintloko Russian lwaphela. Esi kushenxa wabonwa Admiral Ushakov, lowo phezu inqanawa ebizwa ngokuba "iKrismesi." Phezu kwalo, yena elirhangqiweyo inqanawa Algeria kunye bamhlasela. , Ezikufutshane inqanawa utshaba ubunzima umonakalo kakhulu kwankqonkqoza odi-topmast kunye eyadini engundoqo-topsail. Algeria lweMedia, kodwa ukulwa waqhubeka kunye noomatiloshe ababekhwele baqhubeka "iKrismesi" idabi sobugorha, umzobo utshaba basaba. impi ulwandle off Cape Kaliakra yathatha iiyure ezintathu.

Kwenzeka ntoni elandelayo

ekubulaleni zithuthi Turkish waba kwemibandela. Noko ke, umoya onamandla, wanceda Russian, xa kukho kwabakho ukulwa eCape Kaliakra, ivesi, waza wanceda eli xesha kwiintshaba kusinda. Noko ke, xa bathunyelwa Bosporus, element kwakhona umthetho-, yaye ezinye izitya basilela ukubuyela yokupaka iimoto. Baya ezantsi. Imikhumbi Turkish ubunzima kakhulu. Kuphela phezu aziwa Algeria nqanawa babulawa kunye nabantu 450 ababuleweyo, yena phantse onayo. Russian yalahlekelwa abangama-17 babulawa 27 ababuleweyo, inqanawa leyo phantse akukho monakalo uyasetyenziswa. Kwaye abo bakwazi ukulungisa ngokukhawuleza kuyo.

Kungani ngeke

Kakade ke, Ushakov idlale indima enkulu kule mpi. Ulungise isigqibo sakhe sokuvumela ixesha yaye le imangalisayo leyo ibaluleke kakhulu ekuqhutyweni kwemisebenzi zomkhosi. Hayi ngaphandle isizathu olu loyiso yena wawongwa Order of St. Alexander Nevsky. kushenxa yakhe, apho butho yethu Kwathi phakathi elunxwemeni kunye iinqanawa lutshaba, yayiyingozi. Nangona kunjalo, le abaphumeleleyo akagwetywa. Ngaphezu koko, eli qhinga wasetyenziswa Admiral Nelson ebudeni bemfazwe Russian-French, kwaye ikhokelwa empumelelweni. iinjengele Zintle - oku konke. oomatiloshe Uqeqesho naye kubaluleke kakhulu, xa kukho kwabakho ukulwa eCape Kaliakra. Kwaye baye yekhethelo, ukuba aphendule ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibonisa ukuhlaselwa lutshaba yaye, ekugqibeleni, ukusindisa ubomi.

Iziphumo impi

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, xa idabi kwenzeke eCape Kaliakra, nto leyo ke umhla ka 31 Julayi, Ngo1791, satyikitya imiqathango ukuba isiphelo uxolo phakathi Prince Repnin kunye Grand Vizier. Ngale mini, abemi baseConstantinople waziva isoyikiso sokwenene. umkhumbi umonakalo izimvo zabo baqinisekisa amarhe okuba kungekudala Ushakov uza ukuya kwikomkhulu Turkish. Oku banyanzelisa Port ukukhawulezisa ukusayinwa nowokupheliswa yoxolo. Nangona unanamhla, lisekhona ezithile amathandabuzo. Oku kungqinwa yinto yokuba ngokoyiswa baseTurkey abazange buthathaka kwabo, ukuba ayikhuphele umkhosi.

Kungenjalo, akungekhe kubekho

Babefuna ukomeleza umkhosi wayo kunye waselwandle, bayamenywa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba emfazweni kwamanye amazwe. Ukuqinisa ubuciko bayo, baseTurkey ukuwaphatha kumelezeke liyifumane kwakhona kwindawo elwandle. Ngoko Ushakov wafumana imiyalelo ukuhlasela kuphela. Jikelele G. Potemkin wabhala ileta apho wathetha ngqo malunga belinde ngoloyiso Admiral. Ushakov akwazi ukwenza ngenye indlela. Rodina wacela kuye uncedo, kwafuneka aphephe kakubi baseTurkey kuLwandle Black. Battle of Cape Kaliakra yaba kwidabi, kwanefuthe kwisiphumo imfazwe wazisa wakhe omkhulu. Emva le mpi Potemkin wathi baseTurkey baqalisa ukuba woyike yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Isenokuba lingabi imibuzo. Battle of Cape Kaliakra, ngokutsho kwakhe, yaqinisekisa ukubusa kwizithuthi Russian kunxweme loLwandle Black, kuquka eCrimea.

Omnye ungabona kuphela nesibindi izithuthi zethu Sea abamnyama ngemihla Admiral Ushakov. Nangona ubomi lubonise ukuba namhlanje oomatiloshe zethu ongekho ngaphantsi ukulungela kunye nesibindi izinyanya zabo owayehlala alwa iRashiya ngenkulungwane XVIII.