Ferapontov isigodlo kunye esekelwe of anoDiyonisiyo

Ferapontov Monastery (kummandla Vologda), ezinemithi phezu ilali Ferapontovo i ubuhle eyodwa lomculo, i lesikhumbuzo yamabali ukubaluleka zehlabathi. Okwangoku ifakwa kuluhlu UNESCO. Woonongendi uhlobene ngqo iziganeko ezibalulekileyo ezenzeka eMoscow ngenkulungwane XV-XVII. Apha, kwi Cathedral ye Yokuzalwa of the Virgin, umntu uyakwazi ukubona esekelwe ezininzi, Yaduma anoDiyonisiyo.

isigodlo lomculo

Ferapontov Monastery yakhelwe phezu kwentaba phakathi amachibi kunye Borodaevsky Pavskii lebhokisi Pasca emlanjeni omncinane. lomculo lakhe ngokuvumelanayo ngokudibanisa iinkcukacha bobugcisa kwiinkulungwane ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Ethize umdla kukuthi ke kwiCawa Yokuzalwa of the Virgin. Le ibandla ephambili woonongendi, ulwakhiwo elaqala ngo-1490, kufutshane Cathedral ngowe-1530 lwakwakhiwa icawe Annunciation, yaye ngowe-1640 kwaqala umsebenzi wokwakha kwiCawa Martimiana oyiNgcwele.

Njengoko woonongendi yasungulwa

Ferapontov Monastery yasekwa ngo-1397 Ferapont, livela intsapho wamandulo Poskochinyh. izifungo oyiNgcwele kwi the Simonov Monastery eMoscow kwiminyaka engamashumi amane. Apho wenza abahlobo kunye uMfundisi Kirillom Belozerskim. Together Baliphulaphula ekushumayeleni Sergiya Radonezhskogo, ngokufuthi watyelela isigodlo. ukuthobela Performing FERAPONT waya emantla kwi Beloozero. Engqwabalala edge kumantla ezifana njengengcwele, kunye nentwana kamva wagqiba kwelokuba abuyele nezigigaba. Eli xesha baya ngasentla, kunye ne Cyril. Apha Siverskoye edikeni St. Cyril-Belozersky Monastery yasekwa.

Emva kwethuba FERAPONT waseka eMonastri yakhe phezu kwentaba phakathi amachibi kunye Pavskii Borodaevsky. Ekuqaleni wayehlala iseli wakha yedwa. ubunzima abaninzi kwafuneka anyamezele. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oko yaqala ukuza lendela, naye wakha iseli apha. Ngoko ngokuthe ngcembe le ndawo yaba eMonastri.

i bemilingo

eyaziwa ngokubanzi Ferapontov weemonki ngenxa yemigudu nguMfundisi Martinian umfundi Kirilla Belozerskogo, owathi xa ukunyanzelisa umzalwana wakhe waba umphathi. Apha ukuba bakhonze kanye batyelela abameli abadumileyo yezikhulu Russian - Elena Glinskaya, Ivan IV, Vasily III, njalo njalo Xa XV-XVI eminyaka .. ukusuka iindonga weemonki izibalo ezigqamileyo yeCawa Orthodox Russian - Bishop of Vologda kunye Perm Filofei, Bishop of Yaroslavl kunye Rostov Joasaph kunye nabanye. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, woonongendi yaba yindawo ekuthinjweni yamanani abadumileyo abaye balwela ubukhulu nobunganga boMgaqo Church State - uBhishophu Nikon, Metropolitan Spiridon-Savva, etc ...

Ukongeza, i-Ferapontov Monastery naye umnini sikhulu. Ekhulwini XVII. woonongendi fanele iilali 60, abalimi ezingamakhulu amathathu 100 impilo.

nomonakalo

Nangona ukuba woonongendi, ukuqala isiphelo XV kunye XVII ngenkulungwane, yaye zakhiwe izakhiwo zamatye ezininzi, inqaba wokwenene, akazange waba. ucingo lwakhe yeplanga wahlala de ngenkulungwane XIX. Oku unobangela yokwaphuka woonongendi ngo-1614 nabaphangi Polish-Lithuanian. ukwakhiwa ilitye saqala wayeneminyaka engama-25 kuphela emva kokuba hlaselo. Yinto yokuba woonongendi yeyela lutshabalale, kufuneka kulondolozwe esekelwe kwi ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni. Le loonongendi singenabo, ukuze kuhlaziywe imizobo zange babulawa.

Ngowe-1798 woonongendi ke ibhangayo ummiselo Sinodi. Ngowe-1904, eMonastri lavulwa kwakhona, kodwa ke eli xesha ngumntu obhinqileyo. Sagcina elide - de 1924 Namhlanje, woonongendi iyimyuziyam of esekelwe ka anoDiyonisiyo.

I-ayikhoni opeyintayo anoDiyonisiyo

Ngo-1502 kule Ferapontov looNongendi ndamenywa ukuba iqela icon opeyintayo anoDiyonisiyo. umsebenzi wayo ukupeyinta wokuzalwa Cathedral. Xa anoDiyonisiyo wayesele adumileyo kunye ingqalelo ophambili eMoscow ingcibi. umyalelo wakhe wokuqala ebalulekileyo wamkela phakathi kweminyaka 1467 no 1477. Ngeli xesha ke wacelwa ukuba bathathe inxaxheba uyilo kwiCawa Yokuzalwa of the Virgin e Pafnutyevo-Borovsky monastery. Ngowe-1481, wathabatha enye msebenzi ubalulekileyo - ukuphunyezwa kwe icon iconostasis ye kwingcinga Cathedral (Moscow yesicelo). Lithenga inkosi wakwazi entle nje yaye ukususela ngoko ibe isimntwiso yesikolo eMoscow yokudweba.

Ferapontov Monastery. esekelwe of anoDiyonisiyo

esekelwe anoDiyonisiyo kwi Cathedral ye Yokuzalwa of the Virgin master imizobo isetyenziswayo kuphela. Phambi kokuba kwebala ususelwe kwinkulungwane XVI. iziza ezichazwe kuwo zibonakala kude. Kumacala omabini esangweni ibonisa archangels uGabriel kunye Michael. Portal ezihonjiswe imiboniso "Kudala of the Virgin" kunye ngomfanekiso "Desus". Njengoko kubonakala ekhokelwa le medallion kunye umfanekiso kaKristu. Ngaphezu emnyango anoDiyonisiyo iposelwe umfanekiso Lady wethu engqongwe ngabantu abaninzi Mayumskogo Cosmas kunye Ioana Damaskina. Yiyo le ngomfanekiso sisiqalo kuthotho oqhagamshelwano phakathi imifanekiso lunikezelwa ungowokubongwa Virgin. Kwi-central wephimpi uboniswa ehleli etroneni ne Virgin Hodegetria ngamadolo phambi kwezithunywa zakhe. Etempileni kukho nezinye izipho kumbukeli uMariya ngomfanekiso. Ferapontov Monastery sidume, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, enkosi imizobo le Cathedral ye Yokuzalwa of the Virgin.

Iimpawu mizobo itempile

yomzobo kwinkqubo yecawa ulungelelene ngqongqo kakhulu kwaye ngokufutshane. wenza imizobo zabasebenzi luyithathela ingqalelo kobuchule bobugcisa besakhiwo. Enye inkalo ekhethekileyo, ukwenza uyilo itempile ubume evumelanayo sisakhono. Oku kunganxulunyaniswa zombini yokubekwa ezi esekelwe, kwakunye kumxholo ngamnye ngamnye. Ngokuzoba imigca guquka kwaye ngexesha elinye, nabubufutshane zabo. Yonke imifanekiso kubonakala ikhaphukhaphu, emana phezulu. Le mizobo ziyahluka ezixineneyo amandla. Ukuze ingqalelo zonke esekelwe kwi ulandelelwano ibali, kufuneka ihambe itempile isangqa izihlandlo eziliqela.

Omnye iimpawu olwahlula na esekelwe ka anoDiyonisiyo na ukuthamba ngokombala nangobuciko. Kwimifanekiso kukoyisa emhlophe, esibhakabhakeni bhlowu, mthubi, epinki, cherry kunye kokukhanya okuluhlaza nemibala. Kuba background wayengumzobi iye yasetyenziswa oluhlaza ikakhulu eliqaqambileyo. Ipeyinti lomculi okuthiwa eMoscow. Bazizityebi ngokwemiqathango izisombululo nombala zipeyintwe medallions phantsi igubu kunye neengqameko yasentwasahlobo-zilayishwe. Xa usenza kubo asetyenziswa imibala enyulu, kunye nemixube zayo.

Imizobo le Cathedral ye Yokuzalwa of the Virgin nga ngokukhuselekileyo kubizwa ncopho bobuchule anoDiyonisiyo. An into umdla kukuba zonke frescos Ferapontov weemonki yayidlalwa kwiintsuku ezingama-34 kuphela (ukususela ngo-Agasti 6 ukuya kwisi-8 Septemba). Oku nangona yokuba ummandla wabo iyonke yi-600 m ^2.

Ferapontov Monastery Luzhetsky

Kwinkulungwane XV Beloozero yeharim Prince noAndreya, nyana Dmitriya Donskogo. Ngowe-1408, yena libhekisela Ferapontov ebuza malunga isiseko woonongendi kwisixeko Mozhaisk. Emva kokuthi, saint uyavuma ukuba umphathi woonongendi entsha. Nakhelwe phezu kweendonga oMlambo Moscow, woonongendi igama Luzhetsky. Ngo-1420 i-Cathedral of Yokuzalwa of the Virgin yakhiwa kulo. Hayi kude woonongendi Luzhetsky namhlanje kukho umthombo wamanzi esempilweni. Bambiza iqula St. Ferapont. Ngokutsho legend, oko eyavulwa saint.

FERAPONT Holy Luzhetsky wahlala woonongendi de kwasekufeni kwakhe ngowe-1426 Ngowe-1547, oko zibalwa phakathi abangcwele. ezingcwele yakhe nangoku wafihlwa Cathedral ye Yokuzalwa of the Virgin. Vologda Ferapontov Monastery Luzhetsky kunye namhlanje kwezakhiwo ezixabisekileyo inkcubeko ephakathi Russian.