Fever: sigaba, iimpawu, oonobangela, unyango

Yintoni na umzi? Inqanaba le meko, izizathu kunye mpawu kuxoxwa ngezantsi. Siya ndithi kuwe ukuba bangazinyanga njani na isifo.

Ukumisela le libinzana lezamayeza

iinkqubo isifo Non-ngqo ephawuleka ukunyuselwa okwexeshana lobushushu emzimbeni ngenxa kwinkqubo hlengiso thermoregulatory ezinamandla phantsi kweempembelelo pyrogens (oko kukuthi, iimpawu, ngokuphembelela umkhuhlane), ebizwa ifiva. Xa amayeza, loo nto ithathwa ukuba imeko efana sele kwenzekile impendulo zokuzikhusela olulungisiweyo usuleleko yabantu okanye izilwanyana. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe kwakhona ukuba ifiva, amanyathelo ezidweliswe apha ngezantsi, kunye kukwanda kuphela lobushushu emzimbeni, kodwa ezinye ngezenzeko uphawu sifo ezosulelayo.

Uyilo febrile syndrome

Yinto akukho mfihlakalo ukuba izifo ezininzi ezosulelayo kunye nomthamo zihamba ekunyukeni kwamaqondo obushushu emzimbeni malunga nesigulane eso. Ngaphezu koko, ngaphambi kokuba zonke izifo, nto iphumileyo njalo ngokuba ngumkhuhlane. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali zithi ukuqonda mihla zenzululwazi kule meko ayikho isifo. Kodwa ke nangona kunjalo, amanye amagama Amaziko yesifo gama kusekho langoku (umz, ukopha fever Ebola fever pappatachi, Rocky Intaba abona nangecesina, njalo njalo).

Kutheni ubushushu xa abo okanye ezinye izifo? fever Undoqo kukuba isixhobo thermoregulation umntu kunye aphezulu izilwanyana homoiothermal iphendula izinto ezithile ebizwa pyrogens. Ngenxa yoko, sixunela kwezingabonwayo offset setpoint homeostasis (lobushushu) ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu. Xa thermoregulation efanayo iindlela ayagcinwa. Nguwo lo ke umahluko osisiseko phakathi komzimba fever.

Izinto ezibangela umkhuhlane

Kutheni ubushushu xa umntu okanye isilwanyana? Oonobangela zophuhliso fever, kukho iindidi olukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zilandelayo common kakhulu:

1. Kwamagciwane, iintsholongwane ezosulelayo kunye yayintsholongwane eyosulela, gazi. iimveliso zabo inkunkuma kunye nezahlulo zabo candelo na iikhemikhali pirogeno- abasebenza kwi iziko thermoregulatory.
2. izinto Non-esosulelayo. Phakathi kwazo kukho iiproteni zithe zadala: amachiza, serum, iinyoka ityhefu, ukutofelwa igazi kunye nangaphezulu. Kwakhona iquka iiproteni yalo ibe eziphilayo eyaguqula iimpawu zayo ngenxa ukutsha, ukonzakala, ithumba lysis, ukopha esikule.

Nezinye izinto ezibangela febrile syndrome

Kutheni fever kwenzeka? Disease, ukumqumbisa ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu emzimbeni, esinxulunyaniswa kunye ukuphazamiseka transfer ubushushu waphula umthetho yomsebenzi yawo e olufikisayo, abantwana kunye namabhinqa aselula (okt thermoneurosis). Kwakhona fever ukuze kuphenjelelwa ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuthatha amayeza athile. Iingcali zithi eminye imithi kuchaphazela iziko thermoregulation, ebangela ukunyuka okungephi lobushushu emzimbeni.
• Ukuphazamiseka njengelifa kulo thermoregulation. Ngokomzekelo, abanye abantwana uphilile bazalwa lobushushu 37,2-37,4 degrees. Kubo, le yimeko eqhelekileyo.
• Elisezantsi grade-fever akholisa ukubakho ngenxa nobushushu, ukuzilolonga rhoqo, hlala egumbini ukuvaleka kunye nobushushu kakhulu.
• stress ngokwasemphefumlweni kunye neemeko nzima kudla kakhulu kunye nemveliso ubushushu okwandileyo nokuvuselela le ngxenye, okwenza ukuba yifiva.
• Ukunyuka hormone dlala kwi abasetyhini abakhulelweyo kuzakubangela ukunyuka okungephi kobushushu. Noko ke, ezinye iimpawu izifo egazini okanye esosulelayo bengekho ngokupheleleyo. Loo meko igcinwe kude kube sekupheleni ezintathu zokuqala. Noko ke, ezinye besini wamhle ephantsi-grade fever ephelekwa phantse yonke ukumitha.

Yintoni payi?

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, izifo ezosulelayo kunye nomthamo rhoqo igalelo ukunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu komzimba. Oku kwenzeka phantsi kwempembelelo pyrogens. Kuyinto ezi izinto abangena umzimba ngaphandle okanye ukucinga ekunene ngaphakathi, ebangela umkhuhlane. Kwiimeko ezininzi, pyrogens zithe zadala kukhona izinto izinto ezosulelayo. Yeyona yomeleleyo ezi thermostable iintsholongwane capsular lipopolysaccharide (gram-negative). iikhompawundi ezifana benza ngokungangqalanga. Baya kuba negalelo ukubana le ngongoma eqhubekayo kwiziko yobuchopho thermoregulation. Abaninzi kubo leukocyte imvelaphi, nto leyo echaphazela ngqo nezinye iimpawu ezibalulekileyo. Umthombo pyrogens ziiseli amajoni omzimba bangabantu, kunye granulocytes.

Fever: Isigaba

Kuphuhliso fever iya kwizigaba ezithathu eziphambili. Lokuqala - ubushushu, yeyesibini abantu - eliphethwe ngayo ukuba ngexesha elithile, kwaye eyesithathu - ngcembe unciphisa, lwathi yokuqala. Malunga nendlela ezinjalo iinkqubo lwezidumbu, yaye yintoni iimpawu ezendeleyo kubo, siya sichaze ngezantsi.

Ukwanda lobushushu

Inqanaba lokuqala fever ezinxulumene ngokutsha thermoregulation, apho imveliso ubushushu uqalisa ngaphezulu kakhulu ukudluliselwa ubushushu. Ukucutha le yokugqibela kungenxa Ukwehla kwegazi efudumeleyo inwebu kunye licuthe imithambo yegazi kwimida ethile. kubaluleke ngakumbi xa inkqubo okunjalo spasm nemithambo cutaneous kunye nokupheliswa ebila phantsi kwempembelelo kwenkqubo novelwano luvo. iimpawu Inqanaba lokuqala umkhuhlane ilandelayo: blanching ulusu kunye nokunciphisa kwithempritsha yayo nasekunqandeni ilahleko bubushushu ngenxa kwimitha. Ukunciphisa xhopho Ukwakheka kuthintela yokuphuma ubushushu nge ngumphunga.

Nokuncipha esiqwini kwezihlunu kukhokelela ngokubonakala lo mkhuba "inezigingqi irhanisi" ebantwini kunye nezilwanyana vzeroshivanie ngoboya. Imvakalelo zesimo yokubanda ngenxa yokuncipha kwenani lobushushu eluswini, kwakunye kwinwebu thermoreceptors ebandayo elahliweyo phezu integument. Kubo uphawu iya ngxenye, nto leyo iziko ezimanyanisayo of thermoregulation. Emva koko, yena yazisa neuron malunga imeko apho ukuziphatha komntu kunye neefom: ukuba uqalisa lusongelweyo eziqhiyeni, thatha ngendlela efanele, njl Ukuhla lobushushu isikhumba ngenxa nongcangcazelo yabantu kwezihlunu ... Oku kubangelwa ukusebenza iziko ndandingcangcazela, nto leyo yenzelwe le Medulla kunye ephakathi.

lobushushu babambelela

Inqanaba lesibini umkhuhlane luqala emva kokuba iseti point. Oko kunokuthi kwenzeke iiyure eziliqela okanye iintsuku, kwakunye nokuba ixesha elide. Ngenxa yoko, transfer ubushushu nobushushu imali eseleyo omnye komnye. akwenzeki ukwanda ngakumbi lobushushu emzimbeni.

imithambo yegazi Dermal kwindawo nokwandisa isigaba sesibini. Ishiya pallor zabo. Utsho maluquke ukuvutha ukuya ngaphandle kwebala, kunye Ukugodola kunye kukungcangcazela shwaka. Indoda kweli banga uvakalelwa ubushushu. Kule meko, oomahluko ubushushu diurnal asindiswe, kodwa awo yabo kunokuba eliphezulu kakhulu kunesiqhelo.

Kuxhomekeka iqondo ukunyuka kwamaqondo emzimbeni fever sesibini isigaba nohlulwe iintlobo:

• lobushushu subfebrile - up to degrees 38;
• fever okuncinane - ukuya ku-38.5;
• febrile okanye ukumodareyitha - up to degrees 39;
• pireticheskaya okanye iqondo lobushushu eliphezulu - ukuya ku-41;
• giperpireticheskaya ngokugqithisileyo okanye - ngaphezu kweqondo lama-41.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba giperpireticheskaya fever kuyingozi kakhulu ebomini bomntu, ingakumbi kubantwana abaselula.

lobushushu drop

ukuncipha lobushushu emzimbeni kunokuba ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokuthe ngcembe. Eli nqanaba luqala emva umkhuhlane sisekhona pyrogens okanye ukupheliswa yemfundo yabo phantsi kwempembelelo yeziyobisi okanye izinto zendalo. Zokuquba ebekwe lobushushu indawo efikelela kwinqanaba eqhelekileyo. Oku kukhokelela vasodilatation kwesikhumba. Ngoko ke ubushushu obugqithisileyo ebegqwese ziboniswa. Xa abantu, kukho ukubila lweenkcukacha, omelezwe umbilo kunye nomchamo output. Ubushushu ukusasaza kwinqanaba sesithathu fever kakhulu lingaphezulu imveliso ubushushu.

Forms lemikhuhlane

Kuxhomekeka utshintsho imihla ngemihla wesigulane lobushushu emzimbeni, ifiva yahlulahlulwe iintlobo:

• Abasisigxina - yinto ukunyuka elide yaye ngokuthe ngcembe kwamaqondo obushushu, ukwehla diurnal leyo musa ukudlula 1 isidanga.
• Nokucima - ephawulwe ukwahluka diurnal inokuba kuluhlu degrees 1.5-2. Xa amaqondo obushushu efikelela amaxabiso eziqhelekileyo.
• Ngakanye - ngezifo ezifana luphawulwa kukunyuka nebalulekileyo lobushushu. It ihlala iiyure ezimbalwa, uze ke uthi indawo yi ukuwa kunokuba ekhawulezileyo kumanqanaba yesiqhelo.
• Amandla okanye ungenzi - nale hlobo iinguqulelo diurnal besukelana degrees 3-5. Ngelo xesha linye namahla kunye ukwehla ngokukhawuleza iphindwe izihlandlo eziliqela imini yonke.
• Ndakugwenxa - kuba umkhuhlane luphawulwa inguqu isingqisho lomzimba kunye ups eziphakamileyo kusasa.
• Ephosakeleyo - umzimba uphawuleka yokwahluka obushushu ngexesha imini ngaphandle njalo ethile.
• Returnable - nalo olu hlobo lwamathuba enye fever emaxesheni lwamaxabiso eqhelekileyo ukuba kuthatha iintsuku eziliqela.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Amazinga - degrees 35 - ungakuvumeli ukuba ukubonakala fever. Ukucacisa izizathu zale meko kufuneka udibane nogqirha.

Iimpawu Common fever

lobushushu Low (35 ° C) akudali nangecesina, ekubeni luphawulwa ngokuvela ngaphezu kweqondo lama-37. iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezifana ithi zophendlo lwezifo zezi:

• ome;
• anozizi kwesikhumba;
• ukuphefumla rapid;
• amathambo zifutha, intloko ebuhlungu, unmotivated kwi mood elungileyo;
• imnyama;
• Ukugodola, ndandingcangcazela, ukubila enzima;
• waphazamiseka (waphazamiseka tremens) kunye nokudideka, ingakumbi kubantu abalupheleyo;
• ucaphuka ikhala nabantwana.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngamanye amaxesha ngokuvela lobushushu kufuneka ikhatshwe sivakale sidumbile kunye neentlungu amalunga, nerhashalala yaye namadyungudyungu umbala emnyama obomvu. Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ngoko nangoko qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho.

unyango

Indlela balahle zikwimeko ifiva, ibakala ezithe ezidweliswe ngasentla? Okokuqala, ugqirha kufuneka amisele unobangela wokunyuka kwamaqondo umzimba, baze emva koko kubabela unyango olufanelekileyo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha ndikuthumele sesigulane uviwo olunye. Ukuba urhanela ngezifo zeengcali esinzulu uncoma esibhedlele nomonde. Kwaye ukuba ukususa isigulane fever luyacetyiswa alale. Oku akuvumelekanga ukunxiba ezishushu kakhulu.

Isigulana kufuneka usele iziselo. Ke ukuba ukudla, yena ukukhanya kunye nokutya kakuhle ukutya. Sokulinganisa iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni kufuneka qho kwiiyure 4-6. antipyretic zingasetyenziswa xa kuyimfuneko. Kodwa ke kuphela ukuba ngaba isigulane kufuneka intloko embi, ndabugqala lobushushu ngaphezu kweqondo lama-38. bayakhuthazwa Izigulane ukuba ukusebenzisa i "paracetamol" ukuphucula imeko. Ngaphambi ukuthatha eli yeza kufuneka ufunde ngenyameko imiyalelo. Ukuba umkhuhlane uyaqapheleka umntwana, ngoko ke aluvumelekanga ukunika aspirin. Oku kungenxa yokuba eli chiza kunokubangela uphuhliso Reye engqondweni. Le yimeko engcwabeni kakhulu, okukhokelela isiqaqa okanye ude ubulale. Endaweni yoko, abantwana ukuba ifiva isindululo amayeza ezisekelwe kwi-paracetamol, "Efferalgan" "kazz", "Kalpol" yaye "Tylenol."