Uncedo lokuqala okuvutha ekhaya. uncedo lokuqala ukutsha

Burns kucingelwa ukuba yenye yezona ukulimala zixhaphakileyo komzimba womntu. Kuba unyango yokwenzakala ezinjalo kufuneka wasondela phezulu kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba nkqu ukwenzakala elula ekwaziyo lokuncedisa unobangela neziphumo ngesiquphe kakhulu ukuba eziphilayo. Le nto wonke umntu kufuneka azi ukuba efanelekileyo kufuneka zisiwe phi, njani yokuqala pfunaka okuvutha ekhaya.

iintlobo amanxeba

1. ukutsha thermal. Olu hlobo yokwenzakala basoloko zibangelwa nokuphathwa Ozidelayo komlilo, umphunga okanye amanzi ashushu. Ngu elivutha thermal kunye frostbite kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ekubhekiselelwe ezivele ngenxa yeziphumo kwi lobushushu ebalulekileyo ephantsi.
2. ukutsha Chemical. ukulimala ezifanayo kunokubangela izisombululo ziyabugqumelela asidi, kwealkali abuhlungu, potassium permanganate, ayodini kunye nezinye izinto abakulo ifomu kanzulu ingxaki enkulu kwimpilo yoluntu kunye nobomi.
3. Betshisa umbane. umonakalo esikule meko ngenxa yeziphumo kwi ugesi.
4. isha imisebe. Ukwenzakala ezibangela sesichengeni ionizing, yiultraviolet kunye infrared. betshisa Imitha kubonakaliswa kuphela kolusu yangaphandle, kodwa umkhuhlane jikelele.

isha degree

1. isidanga sokuqala yombhalo. Kukho ukoyiswa kuphela umphantsi nomphezulu kwesikhumba. Ngokuqhelekileyo livela kwi kububomvu nobuhlungu eluswini, nto leyo sikhatshwa uza imfudumalo. Ukuba uncedo lokuqala elivutha ekhaya yanikezelwa ngokuchanekileyo, zingaphelanga iintsuku ezi-5 yokwenzakala okunjalo kwenzeka, kunye nesiza ulusu ochaphazelekayo ubonakala epithelium entsha. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi kurhawula isidanga zokuqala tikaka.
2. isidanga sesibini yombhalo. It limela isikhumba eyonakeleyo, iimpawu uphawu esisebenza ukuyilwa amaqamza kwimimandla echaphazelekayo. Kumphezulu sangaphandle kwakhiwa ukuze ngokuba namadyungudyungu - vesicles kunye ngolwelo serous. Amaninzi olu hlobo yokwenzakala abafunyaniswe ulusu abilayo umphunga okanye abilayo amanzi.
3. Le isidanga wesithathu esivuthayo. isici sayo lisahlulayo nakwenzeka ngokubuyiselwa epheleleyo eluswini, njengendawo amanyathelo kuyo nayiphi na imeko kuhlala emibi. amandla ahlulwa ifikelela amanqatha ongama.
4. isidanga wesine yombhalo. Le ukutsha kakhulu kakhulu kwaye iyingozi engena ukuxoka ngaphantsi inwebu epithelium kwaye nokuba ukufikelela ithambo. zokulimala zisingathwa Ukubuna kwezihlunu kunye zomzimba nokuqina, ngokunjalo nokosa. Amaninzi, oku ulitshisileyo thermal, efunyenwe amadangatye ezivulekileyo, umbane kunye nokutsha imichiza.

isha Degree kunye noncedo lokuqala xa kuhlangene. Ukuba ukutsha kuqala lwesifo yesibini kuphiliswa ekhaya, ngoko ke ukutsha wesithathu nezidanga yesine ngaphandle koncedo professional abafanelekayo nje ayikwazi ukukwenza.

I-thermal (ubushushu) ukutsha liphele. lokuqala zoncedo

uncedo lokuqala ukwenzakala olu hlobo kufuneka iquke la manyathelo alandelayo:

1. Misa isenzo eluswini factor thermal. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza oku ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, koko ubunzulu amanxeba ixhomekeke.
2. Ngokucokisekileyo pholisa le ndawo baqhumisela. Nceda uqaphele ukuba nkqu nasemva kokuba arhente thermal sisusiwe, umonakalo izicwili akupheli inkqubo. Oku kungenxa yokuba isenzo izicwili anyukayo ngokwabo, ebushushwini ukuya kwiqondo eliphezulu. Ngoko ke licandelo zoncedo lokuqala kuyimfuneko yenza ukupholisa, nto leyo kufikelelwe ngendlela yamanzi abandayo. Ubude sesichengeni kummandla ochaphazelekayo ukuba imizuzu eli-10-15.
3. Ukuwisa ngebhandishi aseptic. Kwi umzimba elinyukayo amalungu kufuneka kunqunyulwa iimpahla kwaye ifakwe umhlabelo, ukuba nokuthintela izifo. Ixhoba kufuneka abanothando, ukurhangqa oko ngengubo ze ugalele neti eshushu kwaye umnike uxolo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, anike iintlungu.

Kakuhle nika uncedo lokuqala ukutsha ubushushu kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoko kuvumela ekunciphiseni imeko kwixhoba nokukhawulezisa inkqubo ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo yesakhiwo bendalo ulusu. ukutsha ubunzima, loo nto ibalulekileyo - musa ukuphakuzela nokuphumeza ngokungqongqo iingcebiso.

chilblain

Ukuba elivutha thermal kunye frostbite zifunyenwe, uncedo lokuqala kufuneka ngoko nangoko. Ngoko ke, ixhoba frostbite ekurhaneleka kufuneka zisiwe kwigumbi efudumeleyo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuphepha iindawo rewarming yonakele okukhawulezayo, kuba lowo amacandelo supercooled kucetyiswa ukuba isicelo zokwambathisa amabhandeji igozi kunye cotton wool ukusuka. Ixhoba kufuneka zinikwe neencindi kukubizela gqirha.

isilonda insimbi

uncedo lokuqala ukutsha amachiza inokuba nomahluko kwaye kuxhomekeke reagent, nto leyo ibangwa izitshanguba kwesikhumba.

Xa ufumana le ndawo itshileyo kanzulu asidi (ngaphandle sulphuric acid) ukuba ahlambe umphezulu ukuba aqhumisele imizuzu engama-20 umsinga ngamanzi abandayo. japan olungileyo ukuhlamba indawo 3% sodium carbonate isisombululo echaphazelekayo (200 ml amanzi ngeyure-1. L. Soda).

Ukutsha ezibangelwa kwealkali, nayo kufuneka zihlanjwe ngocoselelo, uze emva koko ziphathwe isisombululo 2% citric acid. Kwindawo atshiswe emva processing kufuneka ukuba ukunyanzelisa umhlabelo wawuqalekisa.

Betshisa quicklime kuyo nayiphi na imeko ayikwazi zohlanjwa ngamanzi, ikalika kunye nokususa kuqhubekeko oluphambili yeoli ulusu sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi imveliso. Emva kokususa zonke iinyama kwekalika ekhoyo lenxeba maze azigubungele ibotshwe igozi.

iimpawu ezithile kuye ukuncedisa eshe okubangelwa phosphorus. Isibakala sokuba phosphorus lidla ukuba iphakame phezulu emoyeni, ebangela komtshiso kwaba edityanisiweyo - iikhemikhali kunye thermal. ndawo baqhumisela Kucetyiswa ukuba ndibhaptize zizikhumba, asuse okanye iziqwenga phosphorus zoboya swab eliba. Emva koko, lo umphezulu zonakaliswe ukuba baphathwe-5% solution sulfate sobhedu, wayaleka ludlolo, ubophe owomileyo. Xa olu hlobo wokwenzakala esalelweyo ngokungqongqo ukusebenzisa namafutha aqholiweyo okanye ioli, ekubeni bakufikise kukufakwa phosphorus eluswini.

flash-isilonda

uncedo lokuqala kunditshisa ekhaya lifinyele, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ukuba kupheliswe umthombo ugesi kunye zinjalo aphephe. Okulandelayo, iindawo ezonakeleyo kufuneka ivalwe ngokubopha.

Ukuba kukho wavunyelwa iingozi ezincinane, ixhoba ngokwaneleyo zokumenza amnike iti efudumeleyo. Ukuba umntu akakho zingqondweni, kufuneka:

1. Yibeke kwindawo ekhululekile.
2. Ukuze ukukhulula yomoya Tyhila intloko yakhe ecaleni.
3. Yekelela isambatho constricting.
4. ULawulo zokuphefumla ukubetha.

isha radiation

ukutsha Iimpawu kwemitha ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka emva kweeyure ezimalunga-6 emva kokuba zokukhanya ziquka lumngcungcuthekise, photophobia, nokudumba kunye hyperemia. Kulo mzekelo, zoncedo lokuqala kunditshisa ekhaya kufuneka zinikwe ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

Xa intlungu kakhulu ixhoba kufuneka athathe iintlungu ( "Tempalgin", "Ketanov", "Analgin"). Antihistamines kunceda ukuphelisa ezinye komtshiso kunye nembeleko. Xa photophobia kakhulu kufuneka alumkele ilitha, nekucetyiswa ukuba mnyama igumbi. Ukwenzela ukuthintela usulelo yesibini iliso kuyacetyiswa ukuba basebenzise ngamathontsi antibacterial ( "Tobrex", "Tsiklomed" okanye "Taufon").

tikaka

Avamise kakhulu phakathi ray tikaka. Ekubeni kolusu ezinjalo kufuneka ngoko nangoko uthathe ishawa epholileyo. Ukubuyisela imali amanzi emzimbeni abachaphazelekayo njengoko kumele kube lula ukuba usele ulwelo (juice, ubisi, iti).

Xa tikaka kakhulu kuyacetyiswa ukuba nokuthambisa isixhobo kummandla ochaphazelekayo yezisombululo yesikhumba calendula (ukulungiselela wayo kufuneka axutywe namanzi 1:10 tincture of calendula emanzini abandayo) okanye vaseline boric. Ukuba umntu uba ngumkhuhlane, yena kufuneka banikwe antipyretics ( "aspirin", umzekelo).

uncedo lokuqala tikaka unokusekelwa neeresiphi yesizwe. Ngoko ke, ngokukhawuleza ukususa intlungu ukuluma kuya kunceda bezihlikihla kummandla ochaphazelekayo kunye iyogurt okanye cream muncu. Kuye nemiphumo emihle, yaye kuthetha, ngokusekelwe iitapile okuphekiweyo kuphekwa iyunifom. Ukuze wenze oku, iitapile kuphekwa kufuneka wayixobula mix ne cream emuncu ukwenza i ubunzima, sifunda cream guquki. Yenza umxube kubangela ukuba imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwindawo utshiswe, uze uhlambe ngamanzi. Esi sixhobo - enkulu umntwana wokuqala pfunaka ukutsha, ngokuba abantwana kangaka wayethanda frolic elangeni awunandaba ukuba ulusu yokuxhamla sesichengeni kwiimpembelelo yangaphandle. ukuphiliswa Rapid amanxeba kwaye ikhuthaza indlela okuphekiweyo iqanda-based. Ukuze wenze oku, bilisa nzima amaqanda kuphekwa 5, ukufumana kuzo izikhupha kunye uqhotse nabo ngepani de ubunzima abamnyama umbala. Umxube epholileyo bawahlikihle itshiswe ndawo.

uncedo lokuqala ukutsha

thina thermal okanye tikaka rhoqo ukufumana entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni. Ukuba utshiswe, kufuneka ungathanda ulusu sinokunyangwa ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela inkqubo wentshabalalo kusekwangoko kwaye siphephe iingxaki ezinzulu. Kuba unyango komhlaba loogqirha zokutsha bacebisa ukusetyenziswa zokutshiza nokubhalwe dexpanthenol, kuba ukuphiliswa kunye nefuthe anti-ukudumba. Loo component yinxalenye umgangatho iziyobisi yaseYurophu - "PantenolCprey". Iingcali uqaphele ukuba ichiza ithintela uphuhliso ukudumba, ngokukhawuleza nokuphelisa eluvundwini, ububomvu kunye nezinye iimpawu engasi nokutsha. "PantenolSprey" sesona siyobisi, sivavanywe kwiminyaka original kwaye zithandwa kakhulu, ngoko uye nucleoside ezininzi ekhemesti ezipakishwe efanayo kakhulu. Inkoliso yezi analogue ababhaliswe zokuthambisa phantsi inkqubo lula, nto leyo ayifuni ukuziphatha eyiyo yolingo lwezonyango, ngokunjalo ukwakhiwa ezi mali akusoloko ekhuselekileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, oko kuquka parabens - izinto ezinokuba yingozi ukuba kungabangela ukukhula ithumba. Ngoko ke, xa ukhetha i isitshizi kuba ukutsha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wenze impazamo. Nikelani ingqalelo ubume, ukwenziwa nokufakwa eli lizwe - ichiza yokuqala evela eYurophu yaye smiley ngokukhethekileyo ecaleni kwegama ekwibhokisi.

Njani ukuba aphathe ukutsha

ilungiselelo Efanelekileyo zoncedo lokuqala ukutsha ngokucacile lithintela ukusetyenziswa namafutha aqholiweyo, eyenziwe leoli-based, kunye nezinye iimveliso ezityebileyo aqulethe (ngaphandle zeekhemikhali ukutsha lime). Eli nyathelo kuya kuyenza mandundu kuphela imeko, kunye nabasebenzi bezempilo kufuneka ukususa kamva kumphezulu ezonakeleyo kunye umboniso okunamafutha, ngaloo ndlela edlulisela ukubandezeleka eyongezelelweyo abachaphazelekayo.

Ningaba ke ninako kuwuphatha imvaba Cologne kunye lotions utywala-based. ndawo baqhumisela lingaselelwa udaka, njengoko bekuya enokuthintela ukungena komoya. Musa ukuvula kumadyunguza, kuba ngale ndlela usulelo isasazeke. Burns - oku umonakalo nokwenzakala eluswini olwaziwa amawaka abantu yonke imihla. uncedo olululo yokuqala ukutsha, njengoko ebelapha kangangoko kunokwenzeka kuya kunceda ngokukhawuleza ukubuyisela ulusu eyonakeleyo.