Fontanelle yomntwana: ubungakanani, ixesha lokuvalwa. Ubume ukhakhayi usana

Ekuzalweni, lo mntwana bhetyebhetye yaye kwangaxeshanye ithambo cranial olomeleleyo inxulumanisa fontanelle ezinkulu nezincinane kunye sutures, nabo benza njengoko absorbers umothuko yendalo. Ngokutsho isimo sabo linokumisela ubukho ICP okanye uhlobo ikhosi yabasebenzi. Xa edlula luzalwa of yokakayi inkqubo yeentsana ukuba kulungise likhubazeke ngenxa superposition amathambo ukuxabana. Oku kunciphisa ingozi yokwenzakala omabini usana kunye nonina. Abazali Young kunokuba imilo ngandlel oyikisayo mgaqweni lasentloko, kodwa ungakhathazeki, kuba emva kokuba lo gama kuya kuba ifomu yesiqhelo.

Kutheni Kufuneka I fontanelle

Fontanelle yomntwana inika uphuhliso kakuhle ebuchotsheni. Kunye nokukhula kwayo kakhulu esebenzayo kuyimfuneko, njengokuba sisazi, ngomnyaka wokuqala wobomi, ngexesha de ukakayi yi kwindawo ephantsi inwebu.

Ngenxa fontanel kunokwenzeka ukuba kuqhuba isaveyi yobuchopho ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa kobuchule ezimbaxa kunye ukungaphatheki ubuncinane ukuya usana. Neurosonography ityhila iimpembelelo trauma, legazi, nangezilonda ezahlukeneyo, utshintsho izakhiwo ingqondo kusekwangoko. Phakathi kwezinye izinto Phawula ilungiselelo thermoregulation. Fontanelle womntwana, ingakumbi ukuvalwa uvalo yayo, ayaphola umzimba xa efika kwinqanaba lobushushu emzimbeni degrees 38. yindlela eyongezelelweyo thermoregulatory kunciphisa kakhulu lubandakanywe nezenzo nokudumba yobuchopho, nokuxutha ukuze kunokubangelwa lobushushu eliphezulu. It yenza kwakhona uhlobo bothukile absorber ngexesha ukuwa, ngaphandle apho ayikwazi ukwenza amanyathelo kuqala.

Ixesha yokuvala fontanelle enkulu kubantwana

Imilinganiselo singu 2x2 cm, lo fontanelle iphezulu kwaye kukho isimo kwedayimani. Nge ubudala, amathambo lukakayi kukhule ndawonye kwaye, yena iyalahleka. Kodwa bonke abantwana babe uphuhliso ezahlukeneyo, ngoko le nkqubo ingathatha iinyanga 18-20. Oku kubangela inkxalabo kwi imeko nezinye iparameters elihambisana eqhelekileyo.

skull yeentsana lubonakala ngokuba fontanel encinane ngasemva, nto leyo iba ubukhulu ezincinane kakhulu. Phantse bonke abantwana ivalwe ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa, oko kubonakele kwiintsana abazalwa ekuqaleni. Kulo mzekelo, eliphawulwe fusion olupheleleyo kwiiveki 4-8.

Ripples kunye nesayizi fontanelle zibaluleke ngokukodwa, kwaye ukuba oogqirha ukuba ukuhlola imeko yomntwana. Ngenxa yokuba umthwalo wayo esebenza kamva okanye ngenye indlela phambi imithana kwezinye iimeko kusenokuba iliphawu ukukhula zophendlo lwezifo ithambo cranial.

ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Zokutya abasetyhini ngexesha lokukhulelwa nefuthe calcium phosphorus umzimba lo mntwana, nto leyo ngako oko kuchaphazela ixesha fontanelle yene. Fontanelle, umntwana usenokuba ashinyeneyo, sibe ubukhulu encinane kunye nohlobo ezahlukeneyo wokuvala ukudla, ukuba umama okhulelweyo ukutya iimveliso zobisi ezininzi kakhulu ngexesha uthatha mzimba. Esi sesinye sezizathu imfuneko bayigcine engqongqo izithethe ezisekiweyo abeyibhikicile ugqirha, kuxhomekeke ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba nako ngokugqithiseleyo ikhalsiyam igalelo ekuqaleni ukuguga ngumkhaya.

Ukongeza, ngenxa yokuncitshiswa lokukhula ingqondo iphawulwe negalelo kuphuhliso yayo.

Calcium-phosphorus ukutya

calcium kwemfuneko uninzi amatyala, na unobangela ekuqaleni imithana fontanel ngu ukuswela yalo uyawavala emva osikiweyo. Zombini amatyala unobangela ukuze zihlolwe ezongezelelweyo, ukususela kwinqanaba eliphantsi calcium okubangelwa kukuvela kwemeko inani elingonelanga ivithamin D, kunye ukuswela yayo nayo inegalelo izifo ezifana yamathambo. Ngenxa yokuba kuye, ancedisana ithambo baqalisa ukutshintsha, abe imilenze ngaphantsi anencasa iqinelwa kakuhle. Ezinye iimpawu waphawula ukucheba emva lasentloko, ukubila ngokugqithisileyo luphawulwa ivumba ezimuncu, iphupha embi. Kuqheleke izinto exchange ikhalsiyam-phosphorus kuthintela imiphetho coalescence fontanel kwexesha.

ingcinezelo

Ukuba esikhulu fontanelle kwiintsana yokuqala ekuseni kakhulu, oko kubonisa okuba kukho microcephaly, craniostenosis nangokuxhomekeke iiyantlukwano emva kokuvalwa kuyimfuneko ukuba anikele ingqalelo ekhethekileyo amathuba ukwanda koxinzelelo cranial.

Fontanelle kwiintsana kufuneka ube neempawu ku ezahlukene 1-3 cm. Kugqithiswe le parameter asenokubonisa ukuba kukho uhlobo ezosulelayo zizifo, aziyi ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana, hypoxia ngexa lokukhulelwa kunye ukuphuma kakuhle kolwelo kwi ventricles lobuchopho. Ukongeza, abantwana bazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, kunye nabo kwasekuzalweni, iingxaki ezidalwe kunye ukutya okungaqhelekanga, inokuba fontanelle enkulu.

Xa ukubona ugqirha

Kwimeko apho i-zokungathotyelwa kufuna ukungeniswa iimvavanyo ukubona umgangatho icalcium umchamo kunye negazi, yaye indlela uviwo lonyango olongezelelweyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba yamathambo, nto leyo ebangela ubungakanani fontanelle ephosakeleyo, kukhokelela sengozini ithambo, ukunciphisa kwezihlunu jikelele kunye notshintsho luvo. Kule Kwimeko kwesisu esinokubakho ngenxa ubuthathaka jikelele esihlunwini. luvo umntwana kuyimfuneko ukubonisa, ukuba uphuhliso lengqondo fontanelle zange ne ubudala, kaninzi Isizathu soku ke lwegazi intracranial, nto leyo kuphele ucwangciso olukhethekileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, abazali kufuneka iliso kuphuhliso umntwana xa kukho ukuthandabuza, qhagamshelana wabantwana bakho. Ugqirha kufuneka bazazi nayiphi non-lokuthobela kunye nexhala iimpawu. Umzekelo, ezazixhaphakile ekhala ngexesha lala nokuvuka imikhwazo omkhulu ukubonisa yintloko, unobangela apho uxinzelelo oluphezulu intracranial. Fontanelle kwiintsana xa ekhala uba eladlulayo phantsi kwakhe waziva pulsation wegazi.

zoviwo Medical ezifunekayo kunye nomphezulu lungqamane, ithetha emzimbeni ngenxa ukugabha rhoqo okanye ukurhuda.

Yintoni besaba kukamama

abazali abatsha oyika ukuba bachukumise ngengozi isithsaba "ethambileyo" kwaye ucele wezifo ngemfuneko yokhathalelo ethile. Fontanel kwiintsana, ingakumbi ndizayo, Yinto eyonakaliswe combing iinwele okanye nangesandla intloko, ngenxa yokuba babomelele ngakumbi kubonakala. Kwangaxeshanye, kwezinye iimeko ezingathandekiyo diving umntwana, nkqu phantsi kweliso yeengcali abafanelekayo, ekubeni ingqondo ubethwa umahluko loxinzelelo.

Xa sigcina uphuhliso iimvuthuluka Ripples fontanelle akufuneki kubangela iimvakalelo kwi abazali. Abantu abaninzi banoluvo lokuba uyakwazi kukukhawulezisa oko ngokwandisa imithana kwi ekutyeni idosi yemihla ngemihla ivithamin D kunye calcium. Kodwa izenzo ezinjalo abayi kuba nawuphi umphumo xa kukho yofuzo.

isiphelo

Xa kwisigqibo ngentla kubalulekile ukukhumbula izizathu eziphambili ze-non ukuthotyelwa esekwe nemimiselo fontanelle:

• Yamathambo na unikezelo kakhulu. Kodwa musa ukukhangela iimpawu zesi sifo kuphela xa ngaba ayikho mnyama ixesha elide. Uphawu eziphambili deformation olongezelelweyo amathambo, neenguqu ingakumbi amalungu omzimba ngamnye, umzekelo, umlenze okanye esifubeni.
• Fontanelle lo mntwana Kananjalo zisenokubangelwa hypothyroidism. Kodwa ukugxojwa enjalo imisebenzi lengqula ibonakalisiwe phambi kweminyaka yobudala engama 1.5-2 zinqabile.
• into njengelifa. Kulo mzekelo, ixesha nokwanda kunokuba engacacanga yaye ukufikelela ukuya kwiminyaka 2.5. Kukho ubungqina bokuba uyakwazi ukuthetha kungekho neminye imiqondiso kunye nophuhliso ngaxeshanye ngokungqinelana nobudala.