Gamma-interferon: indima nokubaluleka emzimbeni womntu

Ukuze kukhuselwe umzimba womntu kwimiphumo eyonakalisayo iintsholongwane - iintsholongwane, kukho indlela kule amajoni omzimba, ukubonelela ulawulo lwezifo ezosulelayo. It is a iiseli imveliso, ezifana T-lymphocyte izinto ezithile, enye yazo gamma-interferon. Ndiyila kule amajoni omzimba, uxhulumaniso isebenza wokhuselo yeselula. Kutheni kubaluleke kangaka nje lo mfanekiso, yaye kutheni na ingqibelelo umzimba wethu - le mibuzo iza kuphendulwa kweli nqaku.

Ubume chemical kunye nokufumana

Isiseko osisiqu - a glycoprotein - enxulumene peptide ekudleni. Biochemists abelwe iifom ezimbini ezahlukeneyo acid acid Ukwakhiwa 139 kunye monomer lokuqala kwikhonkco polypeptide. Loo maKristu abizwa ngokuba gamma-interferon 1a kunye 2a. I-avareji Ubunzima ngemolekyula zomyalelo 20 - 25 kDa. Abunjwe ukuphendula kwii-ancedisana iiseli arhente yayintsholongwane eyosulela emelwe amasuntswana wentsholongwane egazini. Ngoqobo vitro ezifunyenwe biotechnology nobunjineli genetic usebenzisa iintlobo iintsholongwane ze-Escherichia coli, a plasmid enoku sofuzo for interferon yabantu. Le gamma-interferon ebizwa amayeza kuba yinxalenye amalungiselelo: "Immuneron" "Ingaron" "Immunnomaks".

Indlela kweempendulo omzimba

Inkangeleko umzimba kwamagciwane ezingaqhelekanga ngokunamandla usoloko sikhatshwe inkqubo kweenkqubo zokuzikhusela, enye yazo komtshiso oko. Sisebenza ukuba amakishe, eziphawula isiqalo zombini sifo kunye impendulo impendulo kwiseli ezisegazini lwe gciwane. Kukho intsebenziswano enzima phakathi iziqalelo inyama sifo okanye umbutho. Oku kusekelwe izinto eziveliswa izihlunu zomzimba lymphoid: cytokines (lymphokines). Ngokomzekelo, iiseli zabantu interferon-gamma, interleukin 2 ngokubakhuthaza intsebenziswano ndizayo khange abosulelekileyo kuqale Yindibanisela omzimba, yaye ungaphinda siphawula iiprothini. Makhe sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha.

izakhiwo lymphokines

Zabantu chromosome 6 Isibini kuwela indawo equka iseti yemfuza, ithwele ulwazi malunga neempawu antigenic le inwebu plasma kunye nezinye organelles zeselula: isiqalo, mitochondria, njl Lymphokines akanako ukuphembelela ngqo awakwazi iintsholongwane, kodwa ngokukhawuleza ukugqithisa ulwazi malunga phambi kwamagciwane ukusuka kwiseli enye ukuya kwenye. Umzekelo, i-receptor iiseli iantigens-umncedi ne T-lymphocyte TOR ukhuthaza isignali intracellular, ezimbini ezithile protein kokuyenza isebenze. Olunye inyama lymphoid zinokukhuliswa inkqubo division mitotic - proliferation, kunye nezifo iseli-mediated inyuswe kakhulu. Njengoko nabanye lymphokines, interferon-wesigrike abangaphangeliyo iinkqubo ukhutshelo nucleic acid egazini, kwaye kananjalo abangaphangeliyo nakwibandla indlela leeprothini iimolekyuli gciwane. Sinokuthi iikhompawundi protein, ingqalelo sithi, zisisiseko sifo humoral.

njani amajoni omzimba

Thymus, iindawo nkovu, tonsils, isihlomelo - ukuma kwindawo lymphocyte. iiseli zothintelo ukhuphe izilwa anqanda uphuhliso lomzimba lemvelaphi esosulelayo. Kumanqanaba okuqala kuphuhliso iiseli zamajoni omzimba ekuthiwa nalwazi, Abangawugciniyo umkhondo nezakhi amazwe, iintsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane. Kufuneka sivuthwe sibe immunocompetent - oko kwenzeka thymus. Inkqubo eziphilayo evelisa obethu iiseli zokhuselo: macrophage, iiseli T, iiseli umbulali, kwakunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo gamma-interferon phantsi kolawulo amaziko ephakamileyo cortical zobuchopho.

umsebenzi wayo kwakhona kulawulwa adrenal, posa kunye ngxenye. izifo yezengqondo-iimvakalelo, ukutya kakuhle kunye nemikhwa emibi ukunciphisa indlela omzimba umzimba, amaxesha amaninzi oku kwenzeka ngokuchasene nentsukaphi ntshikilelo ezigulo ezondeleyo. Ukususela Impendulo ephilayo kuba ngenxa yezenzo zonke iinkqubo zayo, nakuphi na ukwaphulwa homeostasis omzimba izaliswe iintsilelo kunye nempilo enkenenkene.

Antibodies interferon gamma kwabantu

Xa yezonyango njenge arhente umbala nezinyangayo wasebenzisa izinto eziqulathe iiproteni zokukhusela eziveliswa ugonyo kwezilwanyana kunye interferon amayeza. molekyuli unalo sivete ukusuka serum igazi, kwakuwo kusetyenziswa ichiza antiviral. Oku uyakwazi ukuphucula umsebenzi iikhompawundi ezikhuselayo ezizezayo omzimba, umz, wesigrike-globulin, kwaye zinciphisa iimpawu zosulelo nokuphefumla: nokuthimliswa kunye ingxinano ngeempumlo, ukhohlokhohlo.

Isiphumo konwaywa interferon

glycoprotein zothintelo abangaphangeliyo nophinda-phindo iintsholongwane kwaye ivuselela enzayim iseli, ezifana protein kinase adenilatsintetazu nokunika kwezithandani le Yindibanisela nucleic kunye neeproteni emvulophini wentsholongwane egazini. Iziyobisi uyakwazi lokuphembelela uvakalelo kweziyi inwebu ukuya lymphokines iseli, t. E. Ingaba immunomodulators. Gamma-interferon abantwana kunye nabantu abadala isetyenziselwa nokuthintela kunye nokunyanga influenza kunye nokuphefumla izifo, kunye iisampuli elincumisayo ubukho eletha Goch ngayo emzimbeni. Iarhente therapeutic ngesi ngohlobo amacwecwe, namafutha aqholiweyo, suppositories kunye iinaliti.

Ukusetyenziswa ichiza emiselwe ngugqirha, abantwana kuqala ukususela kwiinyanga ezi-6, banikwe ukunqongophala reactions komntwana komzimba kunye ezimbi kakhulu kwinkqubo sentliziyo. Contraindication ukuba unyango kwamabhinqa ukukhulelwa kunye uyaliwa. iziyobisi zangoku ingakumbi ezisetyenziswa wezifo, ziqulathe iprotini protective amayeza unobunyulu ephakamileyo kunye nokungabikho epheleleyo ngamaqhekeza polypeptide.