Gymnosperms ithanga: ncomo, iimpawu, ukhathalelo kunye nokulima

Kubonakala, uyakwazi ukukhula ithanga, imbewu apho eziqulathe akukho Ixolo, zibe ze; ngokuba bakala kuthiwa gymnosperms. Yena libhekisela uhlobo ithanga tverdokorymi. Le emifuno bukhulileyo eRashiya, Belarus kwaye kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Intlama imbewu abanobutyebi izondlo kunye neevithamini. Gadi beelori ingaqhelekanga.

gymnosperms Imbonakalo ithanga

I sityalo eyahlukileyo umbala okanye imilo ukwenyuka, nto leyo ibangelwa unako ukufikelela-12 leemitha. Isiqu nesindindeneyo igutyungelwe spikes iqulethe amagqabi pyatilopastnye unamazinyo ngqongqo kakhulu. Flowers ezinkulu, omthubi, dioecious, kunye livumba elithozamisayo. Fruits zana-yellow okanye-orenji-yellow nombala. Inyama erhabaxa ezinezikhondo, amnandi kunye fresh, ngokukhawuleza uqhawuke. Ububanzi maleko eliphantsi malunga 2.5 cm, iqulathe isixa encinane orange ngombala luthuthu. Amaxolo kwi iziqhamo obhityileyo. Imbewu ngaphandle iqokobhe eliphezulu eluhlaza, eluhlaza eluhlaza okanye emnyama ukukhanya. Bangakwazi edliwayo nangoko.

Ukukhetha indawo

gymnosperms ithanga tverdokorymi, ncomo apho zisiwe beelori, ukhule ngendlela efanayo njengoko zonke ezinye iinkcubeko ezinxulumene ithanga. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuyicamagushela ukusuka ithanga, zucchini, kunye nezinye iintlobo ngamathanga ukuba wenza umnqamlezo-ezimvumvuzelwa, yaye abazange balahlekelwe iimpawu zawo, kuba apho waza watyala. Kuba namathanga ezikhulayo ukhethe indawo elangeni kunye echumayo, umhlaba kakuhle ivundiswe. Kuphela kulo mzekelo, iziqhamo zikhule enkulu kwaye zimnandi, kwaye ke ziya kugcinwa ixesha elide.

Lungiselela kokufika

A indawo imihlaba ilungiselelwe ukusukela ekwindla. Dig umandlalo, yongeza umgquba okanye nomgquba, angabekwa potash and nezichumiso phosphate. ikhula kakuhle kakhulu ithanga kwi amazala omgquba. Ukuze wenze oku, xa kuqala ixesha lasekwindla ibalwa ezincotsheni izityalo esempilweni, ukutya, amagqabi, kwimbuphu yesarha, uthuthu, amagqabi ezincinane, wamatye. Spring endaweni efanelekileyo watyala izityalo.

Le uhlobo elilungele ukutyala gymnosperms ithanga na iitapile, itswele, kunye nemifuno ezahlukeneyo ingcambu kunye nekhaphetshu. Ngaba ukukhula le nkcubeko apho likhule imifuno evela Cucurbitaceae usapho, ekubeni izifo ezifanayo kunye nezinambuzane.

Ithanga gymnosperms: ukutyala nenkathalo ncomo

Xa ukhula Izithole ngokusebenzisa ithanga, kwakhona begadi, oko ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye sinika isivuno. Izityalo Etyelwe emhlabeni ekupheleni kweminyaka yokuqala ka-June, xa ugrogriso iqabaka. Nokuba kwi ziingqele ephantsi gymnosperms ithanga izithole kufa. Ngokufuthi imbewu ifakwa ngqo emhlabeni. Etyelwe ezishushu kumhlaba xa iqondo layo lifike malunga 12 degrees. Iimbewu sangcwatywa kwibhedi ukuya kubunzulu-5 cm iziqwenga 3 kakuhle ngalinye. Phakathi izityalo kufuneka babe yimitha enye ubuncinane. Kuphendula ukukhuhla iintsuku ezili-12 emva kokutyala. Xa imozulu emvula cool maxa wambi imbewu ukubola, akukho xesha ihlume, ikhuseleke kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa lokutyala indlela isithombo.

gymnosperms ithanga, ncomo lwazo weva xa uthenga imbewu, xa wayekhulile ukhetho. Ukunyamekela wakhe lancitshiswa nokuhlakula, ukulima umhlaba, ukuchumisa benika. Bezikhulule umhlaba kufuneka ukuvelisa amaxesha 4 phezu ixesha ehlotyeni. Ihamba ubungakanani encomekayo idliwa omninzi ukufuma, ngoko ukunkcenkceshela izityalo kufuneka kube kanye ngeveki, ukuba akukho imvula. Ngethuba lokudubula kweentyatyambo unkcenkceshela alufane kunesiqhelo. Olu uhlobo ithanga na yokunkcenkceshela eliphantsi. Okokuqala wondla iintsuku ezili-10 emva kokutyala izithole, ixesha elizayo - ixesha kweentyatyambo. Isiqithi iphendula kakuhle okunkcenkceshela ukumnika mullein nothuthu.

Isiqithi danae (gymnosperms): ncomo

Iziqhamo Amakhasi lomgangatho unalo umbala oluhlaza-yellow kunye bands ezityheli. Melon ubungakanani obuncinane - 3-5 kg yintlama eliphambili, elithozamisayo, imbewu musa ukuba iqokobhe nzima. Ezahlukeneyo ibhekisa i-uhlobo eliphakathi. Inani elikhulu iivithamini kunye neeminerali eziqulethwe iimbewu kunye yintlama, ngoko iziqhamo isoloko isetyenziswa ukutya yokutya nosana. ukusetyenziswa kwayo ebilisiweyo, eziko, ubaphekele, kwakunye esetyenziselwa lokulungiselela incindi kunye neziselo. Yemifuno kuthuthwa kakuhle yaye agcinwe kakuhle.

Danae ithanga elinywayo ngeendlela ezimbini: endle, nangoncedo izithole. NgoMatshi-Epreli, imbewu elihlwayelweyo kwiibhokisi. Xa iya kuba-3 kwezi amagqabi apho, isityalo hlumela ibe ekhanyayo (ngokuqinisekileyo emva isisongelo iqabaka). Ukuba amaqondo obushushu bomhlaba ngeli xesha kufuneka sibe malunga ne-14 degrees. Imbewu ityalwa ekupheleni kukaMeyi okanye ekuqaleni kukaJuni, emva Scheme 1 x 1 m.

Ithanga danae, njengazo zonke cucurbits, zifuna isichumiso olongezelelweyo. Emva kweentsuku ezili-10 emva kokutyala izithole ikhutshwa phandle kuqala umhlaba udabrivanie, okwesibini - ngethuba lokudubula kweentyatyambo. Lo mzi-mveliso kufuneka ube ukunkcenkceshelwa ngexesha kunye nokuhlakula. Njengoko iziqhamo ukuvuthwa uyagawulwa kwaye kudliwa iimbewu kunye yintlama. Begadi bathi imbewu simnandi kunene, musa ukuba nyulu, nangona kukho zefilimu. Le yinyama umbala ukukhanya-orenji, kuvela juice emangalisayo.

ithanga apricot

Ithanga yale hlobo ibhekisela phakathi-ekuqaleni iintlobo ezizodwa ithanga. Igcina phezulu kunye nayo malunga 3 iinyanga emva kokutyala. Isiqhamo ngokumila setyhula-zezindlu kunye ribbing ezichongiweyo ngokucacileyo. Xa nqanaba ukuvuthwa imibala apricot ithanga uqweqwe ngokupheleleyo bulubhelu kunye nangobetho ebanzi ye eluhlaza, kubonakala eqaqambileyo enomtsalane. eqweqweni iziqhamo elingqingqwa, kodwa nzima. Ipete slabovoloknistaya, umbala ethambileyo ebengezelayo. imbewu ithanga ngaphandle ulusu zamahlathi, ligqunywe obhityileyo umboniso. gymnosperms ithanga liza-, ncomo apho kuphela HIV bobabo iintlobo dessert.

iintlobo ezikhuliswa imbewu ithanga, okubizwa lokuvelisa kunye nokuveliswa juice, leyo nasongo apricot. Ithanga ido- wawadla ekrwada.

ukuvunwa

Ithanga gymnosperms, ncomo apho kudluliselwa ngomlomo, abe isivuno lisezantsi yonke tverdokoryh usapho. Ukukhawulezisa inkqubo emuncu izityalo zezityalo isiqu uwathandabuze engundoqo xa kuyilwa 3 maqanda. Enye isityalo ikhula 6 iziqhamo. Coca ithanga phambi kokuba kuqala ubusika, xa likhaba isiqhamo lome. Store ingaba malunga neenyanga ezintathu kwiqondo lobushushu ukusuka degrees-8 ukuya 10.

izakhiwo eziluncedo

Njani luncedo ukusuka kwindawo yokucingela gymnosperms amayeza ithanga? zalo eziluncedo kunzima kakhulu ukuze zazi. Idume kwiipropati zayo zokutya. Xa Ipete gymnosperms ithanga ziqulathe:

• sugar - 4-11%, kwaye 2.6% glucose;
• ifayibha, protein, starch, pectin;
• neevithamini B, carotene, E, C, PP;
• elements macro: wemagniziyam, phosphorus, calcium, potassium, lesilicon, sodium;
• umkhondo izinto iodine, ayibe, intsimbi, zinc, fluoride, nobhedu.

amagqabi ithanga ibe vitamin C kakhulu ngaphezu inyama. Kwaye imbewu ithanga iqanjwa izondlo zilandelayo:

• oyile okunamafutha - ukuya kutsho kuma-50%;
• protein - 28%;
• neevithamini B1, C;
• phytosterols;
• carotenoids;

Xa gymnosperms ithanga zingasetyenziswa kunye ichiza ukuya iimbewu, Namagatya abatsha yintlama. Ngenxa gymnosperms osidingayo ithanga ephantsi, ncomo apho kwi abantu ukuva, uzeleyo eyomeleleyo, efanelekileyo ekuphekeni ngemihla ngokuzila. Kufuneka ukuba badle isiqingatha kwekilogram okuphekiweyo oveni okanye ithanga ebilisiweyo. Umxholo eliphezulu pectin kwi ithanga nemiphumo emihle kwizigulane kunye neenkqubo ukudumba kwi Amathumbu amakhulu. Ukongeza, pectins igalelo kokuqukunjelwa cholesterol eyingozi umzimba womntu kunye nokuthintela ukufunxeka kwayo.

Ukudla ithanga:

• ikhuthaza ukukhutshwa chlorine yi nezintso, ngoko kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba izigulana nokudumba kunye nesifo sentliziyo;
• Kuyanconywa ukuba izigulane kunye nomsebenzi ombi kwizintso, isibindi;
• Inceda abantu abanengxaki sifo.

Ipropati ezingundoqo imbewu ithanga ukuba amayeza ubuxoki amanyathelo kwabo anthelmintic. Baya kuba negalelo ukugxothwa kumjikelo kunye intshulube babanjiswe ngeenjongo zokuthintela. A isiphumo ingakumbi esinamandla iye gymnosperms ithanga. Izimvo kwi isicelo imbewu Makazicikide inzuzo enkulu le mveliso.

Ukukhulisa gymnosperms ithanga ayikho eyahlukileyo kakhulu kwezinye iinkcubeko tverdokoryh. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kukho thermophilic, ngoko ke kufuneka zityalwe emhlabeni olufudumeleyo kunye nendlela engcono isithombo. Kungenjalo, imbewu musa ukuba iqokobhe, ukuze kubola nje. begadi ezininzi gymnosperms ithanga ezwe. Izimvo inyama okunencasa kunye iimbewu, ongazifuniyo ukuhlamba, ukusasaza ngokukhawuleza phakathi balimi engahlawulwayo.