I-Caprolon: iimpawu zobugcisa, iimpawu, ububanzi, izinto ezahlukeneyo

I-Caprolon, eneempawu zobugcisa eziza kuchazwa kwinqaku, igama likaRashiya lenye yezinto ezidumileyo zepolyamides-polycaproamide. Xa kuthengiswa namhlanje unokufumana ezininzi kunye neempawu ze-caprolon, ekhoyo namhlanje.

Inkcazelo ngokubanzi

Izinto ezikhankanywe ngasentla zininzi, ziye zaziwa ngo-1980. Unempahla eyingqayizivele, inezinga eliphezulu lokuhlala kunye namandla. Ukuba i-caprolon yekhwalithi, iyakwazi ukuphela ngaphandle kweminyaka emininzi, ngelixa i-material ayiyi kulahlekelwa yimpawu zayo zomzimba, ayiyi kufuna ukukhuselwa kwimpembelelo yendalo yangaphandle kunye ne-ultraviolet.

Izixhobo eziphathekayo

I-Caprolon, iimpawu zobugcisa ezifanele zaziwe kuwe, ukuba uceba ukuzithengela, akunqabile:

• Izinto zeKhemikhali;
• Ethers;
• Iisombululo;
• Iicidi ezixilisayo;
• Utywala.

I-Caprolon iyanqamuka kwi-formic kunye ne-concentrated acid sulfuric acid, kunye ne-alcohols. Phakathi kwezinto eziphambili zezinto ezi zinto zizinto eziphantsi zokulingana, oku kwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa ekuveleni iibhere kunye nezinye izinto zokuxubha ngexesha lokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela ayiyona ndlela yodwa yokusebenzisa i-caprolon kwintsimi yoshishino.

Ububanzi bokusetyenziswa

I-Caprolon, eneempawu zobugcisa ezikhethekileyo, isetyenziselwa endaweni yesinyithi. Izinto eziphathekayo zingama-6 okanye amaxesha angama-7 alula ngaphezu kwesinyithi, oku kubonisa ukuba iimveliso zinobunzima obuphantsi kunye namandla amakhulu. I-Caprolon isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweebherethi ezichasene nokubola, zibonakaliswa ukuxhatshazwa kwe-abrasion, coefficient ephantsi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ezi zixhobo zinefuthe lokuzihlaziya.

I-Caprolon isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimpahla, ipompo, ama-lobster, ama-housings ahlukeneyo, kunye ne-rollers, eyenza isiseko seebhanti zokuthutha. Ngamanye amaxesha lo mbandela uphinde uvelise amabhodi okusika, okufanelekileyo ukuba asetyenziswe kwimveliso yenyama.

Ukubhekisela

I-caprolon ichazwe kwinqaku, iimpawu zobugcisa eziza kuba nomdla kumthengi ngamnye, zinokunciphisa ukunyuka kweemveliso, ukwandisa ubomi babo benkonzo ngamaxesha ama-1.5. Inkqubo yobunzima benkqubo yokuvelisa i-35% ngaphantsi, ngelixa iindleko zokugqibela ziphantse ku-0.5 kangaphantsi kwamaxesha anjengeemeko zethusi nezensimbi.

Iintlobo ze-caprolon: izinto eziphathekayo

Ingqungquthela ethandwayo yolu xwebhu yile caprion yecwecwe, engenanto engasetyenziswanga ukuvelisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo, oku:

• Ukutshiza;
• Amaqabunga aphumayo;
• Amaflangane;
• Izindonga.

Izinto eziqhelekileyo ziqhelekileyo ngendlela yesikwere ngapha nangama-1000 mm, ngelixa ubukhulu bunokuhluka ukusuka kwi-6 ukuya kwi-250 mm. Nangona kunjalo, le parameters ingatshintshwa. Ukugcinwa kwezinto kufuneka kuqhutywe kumagumbi aneemeko eziphantsi. I-Caprolon, iimpawu zobugcisa kunye neempawu zazo ezichazwe kwinqaku, kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokuqapha okukhulu, okubangelwa ukunyaniseka, ukunyanzeliswa nokunyanzelisa. Ngoko ke, abaphathi kufuneka baqaphele iindlela zokukhusela xa kunesidingo sokubetha umphezulu ngesinyundo okanye ngesando. Yenza oku kuphela emva kokuba ishidi lizinze. Iingcali zicebisa ukusebenza ngeiglavu, njengoko izandla zingonakaliswe ngeenxa zonke ezibukhali.

Ukucwangciswa kwefowuni ye-caprolon kwenziwa kwiinkcukacha zesebenzi, kodwa ezinye iingcebiso maziqwalaselwe. Xa kutyunjwe kubalulekile ukubonelela ngotshani lokushisa, loo nto inomgangatho ophantsi wezinga lokuqhafaza. Ukuba kunokwenziwa ubunzima obunzima, kufuneka kukhunjulwe engqondweni ukuba izinto eziphathekayo zingaphunyezwa, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukwahlula umsebenzi kwiinqanaba eziliqela.

Iinkcukacha zobugcisa

I-Caprolon, iipropati kunye nesicelo eso kufuneka saziwe kumboleki ngaphambi kokuba sithenge, sinesisongoma esukela ku-1150 ukuya ku-1160 kg / m³. Iqondo lokushisa liyahluka ukusuka -40 ukuya ku -70 ° C, ngelixa i-melting point kufikela kuma-250 ° C. Kubalulekile ukwazi kwakhona umlinganiselo olinganayo wokunyuselwa komgca we-thermal, okuyi-0.000098, xa iqondo lokushisa lihluka ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya ku-50 ° C.

Iingcali ngamanye amaxesha zinomdla kwi parameter efana nobunzima beBrell, engenakuhlaselwa ngaphantsi kwe-130 HB. Ukuba i-caprolon yamagqabi, ngoko umda wamandla ayo xa ukugoba kungama-80 MPa okanye ngaphezulu. Amandla okuxhaswa ngama-90 MPa okanye ngaphezulu. Ngekhefu, i-elongation yesi-10%, kunye ne-conductivity coefficient ngu-0.29 kwi-20 ° C. I-Caprolon, iimpawu zobugcisa, ukushisa okukhankanywe kwinqaku, linamandla ombane ukusuka kwi-30 ukuya kwi-35 kV / mm.

Iinkalo eziphambili zezinto eziphathekayo

I-Caprolon igcwele igraphite, iimpawu zobugcisa ezivumela ukuba zisetyenziswe kumashishini, zinomlinganiselo wokubambisana, okuphindwe kathathu xa kuthelekiswa ne-polyamide yebanga lesithandathu. Ngokuzinzileyo, olu hlobo lwezinto ziphezulu kunezinye iimpawu ze-caprolon. Phakathi kwabo sinokuhlukanisa:

• Polyamide 6;
• I-PA6-MG yizinto eziphathekayo eziguqulwe ngegraphite;
• I-PA6-MDM i-molybdenum disulfide eguquliwe.

I-polyamide 6 ingenziwa nge-extrusion okanye ngokukhipha iteknoloji. Kwimeko yokuqala, loo nto ifome kakhulu kwaye ine-viscosity ephezulu kunye nokunciphisa ukunyanga kokunyuka. Ukuba sithetha malunga ne-polyamide, eyenziwe yindlela yokulahla, ngoko unayo i-caprolon eyaziwa kakhulu eRashiya, eneempawu zokukhusela kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Le nkunkuma ayinakuze ibe nengozi ngokupheleleyo kwimpilo yabantu kwaye ingasetyenziselwa kwishishini lokutya.

Ukuba i-lubricant eqinile yongezwa kwi-polyamide 6, kuya kubakho ukufumana iimpahla ezinokunyuka kwexabiso le-slip, okwenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa ekuveleni iindawo kunye neendibano apho kufuneka i-lubrication esigxina. Namhlanje, i-caprolon iyathandwa kakhulu, iimpawu zobugcisa, ezithandekayo kubasebenzisi abaninzi. Kodwa le nziweyo yenziwe ngokwemiqathango ye-2224-036-00203803-2012 kwaye inombala ovela kumhlophe ukuya kukhilimu. Ukuba phambi kwakho kwintlobo ye-PA6-MG kunye ne-PA6-MDM, ngoko umbala ungaba mnyama okanye umnyama. Nangona kunjalo, i-caprolon yesithandathu yenziwe ngee-pigments, ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane imveliso yemibala eyahlukileyo. Iimpawu eziphambili zezi zinto zikhethwe ngamagama amabini - "A" kunye no "B"; kwimeko yokuqala, i-caprolon isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwamalungu okwakhiwa kweenqwelo, kodwa kwimeko yesibini yezinto zobunjineli zakhiwo.

Isiphelo

I-Caprolon ayixhatshali kwimiphumo engekho kuphela yamakhemikhali nee-ketoni, kodwa kunye ne-acids ebuthakathaka kunye ne-alkali. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, loo nto ayiyiyo yingozi, ayinayo imiphumo emibi emzimbeni womntu nasezilwaneni. Ngethuba lokucwangciswa kwemveliso yeemveliso, ukuchithwa akukwenzeka, akukho zinto eziyingozi ezikhutshwayo. Xa izinto ezibonakalayo zibonakaliswe kumaqondo ashushu ngaphezulu kwe-300 ° C, i-caprolon iqala ukubola, i-ammonia kunye ne-carbon monoxide ikhutshwa.