I hadhi umthi engcwele. Hadhi Tree: inkcazelo, imbali umdla facts

Hadhi - umthi wokukhanya, leyo engcwele kwiicawa ezininzi. Yinto inkolo efana ubuHindu, Buddhism kunye Jainism ezinjalo. Kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi asimoyikanga esi sityalo, ucinga ukuba omnye iisimboli zibalulekileyo uxolo nenzolo.

Wathi ke igama layo, enyanisweni, ukususela njengamaBhuda, njengoko Gautama Buddha, emva acandacanda isidlo, eyathatha iiveki ezisi-7, isiphumo yafikelela wokukhanya phantsi kwalo mthi. Njengoko amabali athi Ngokwaphuka unina izandla zakhe phezu amasebe yale sityalo.

Hadhi Tree: inkcazelo kunye nembali

Uye yemveli igama eziliqela mihla yamandulo. iitekisi zonqulo nesiSanskriti ziqulathe izikhombisi kwi "Aswattha" umthi, Pali - isityalo "Rukkha". ebizwa ngokuba "Peepal" amaninzi asetyenziswa in Hindi. In Russian - ngumthi ebizwa ngokuba 'engcwele Ficus. " Contemporary igama layo in Sinhala (ulwimi kubemi bomthonyama of Sri Lanka) - Bo-umthi, yaye IsiNgesi - umkhiwane Ongcwele. Kwaye, ngokubanzi, igama layo eziphilayo ezisetyenziswa kwiincwadana yenzululwazi - Ficus religiosa.

Kuba dha hadhi - iinkuni ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu izithethe zonqulo, nemithi yayo, ngokutsho kwabo, uye ephilisa izakhiwo. Ngaphantsi basibiza ukucamngca. Kuye ube umkhwa ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, ngenxa yokuba ngokutsho legend, phantsi neengqameko zalo iinkuni ukucamngca Buddha Gautama.

Gautama Buddha nomthi hadhi

Okokuqala kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ibali livela ekukhanyeni Buddha kwaye ngoku alaziwa ukuba lithetha ukuthini. Izimvo neengcebiso malunga phi yaye xa wazalwa - ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Enye inguqulo ukuba indawo awazalelwa kuyo umseki obuBhuda - Lumbini. Le iinkcukacha ezithembekileyo kakhulu. Kwaye yiloo nto kanye nako ukumisela ixesha wokuzalwa sisazinzulu. Yezizathu ezimiselwe amathuba zilandelayo: 380 - 350 iminyaka. BC.

Buddha umthi akulolize ebizwa umthi wokukhanya, ngenxa yokuba phantsi evalekayo kwakhe Gautama wafumana impendulo sokugqibela umbuzo malunga umsebenzi wakhe. Ngokutsho legend, wavakalelwa ukuzalwa loo ngaphakathi ubomi amandla ibonwe yaye angaphezu namandla, kodwa nentembelo yokuba akazange abe. Gautama wagqiba ukuvavanya hypothesis bakhe, waya kuloo mthi hadhi. Phambi kokuba uqale umthandazo, Gautama wajikeleza amaxesha 3 umthi hadhi, waza wahlala phezu emhlabeni phantsi neengqameko zalo. Kokwenza isifungo, waqala kucamngca. Apha ukuqala ngesiquphe intlungu nokubandezeleka, walityhutyha ukuba Gautama Buddha wayeqinisekile umsebenzi wakhe.

Iimvavanyo phantsi komthi esingcwele

Kuvavanyo lokuqala, Gautama kwafuneka ukuba alwe kuhlaselo ze ziidemon, lowo ndamkhumbuza ngayo abantu badibana ngaphambili ebomini bakhe. Buddha ezintweni umqhele eliqaqambileyo engcwele yaye, ke ngoko, ukufikelela kuyo, ngeentolo, kusawulwe ngamatye ngokungummangaliso similise iintyatyambo ezintle ukuba kuhle ziwe emhlabeni.

Kodwa kuphela ekuqaleni. Ukuze nokulinga Gautam, ziye zithunyelwe kuye intombi yakhe uMariya, kodwa ke akakwazanga ukuzibamba waphuma waya isilingo.

Izindla, Buddha wachitha phantsi komthi kwiiveki ze-7, baza emva koko Baqala uqhwithela eningenakukholwa yiyo, nanto kwezi ndawo. Kodwa Gautama wakwazi ukumelana olu vavanyo kunye, bade. Yena yayambethe ingubo obhityileyo kuphela, yaye eyayinethombo olomeleleyo imvula wazifihla kwakhe ngukumkani-inyoka - Mukalinda. Emva kweentsuku 7, isaqhwithi ingasekho, kunye Mara waya Buddha. Wayefuna ukuba amse kwelinye ihlabathi, kodwa wathi ukuba phambi kokuba ahambe umele ashiye abafundi ukuba babelane isipho zabo ezixabisekileyo, yaye kuphela emva koko bahambe.

Tree wokukhanya in Buddhism

Hadhi - umthi phantsi apho engqondweni ukufumana kufutshane undoqo obuBhuda. enamandla izibuko yayo yesebe ukucamngca ngaphantsi amakholwa ukubaleka ubushushu nokunika uxolo. Imizobo emininzi engcwele eqingqiweyo lubhekisele Buddha iphantsi Iingqameko zomthi engcwele.

Ngaloo iindawo zehlabathi apho inkolo eqhelekileyo, kubaluleke kakhulu iinkuni iqhotyoshelwe apha. Izigidi zabanquli kulo lonke ihlabathi ukuba umthi esingcwele, ukuze kuqubuda phambi kwabo, ukuba bacinge yeminqweno yabo alithandayo.

Ngaba eRussia Buddha Umthi?

Abalandeli obuBhuda ngoku bayakwazi ukukhula bona kumazwe yakowazo hadhi umthi engcwele. Imbewu zingathengwa kwiivenkile ezahlukeneyo intanethi okanye ngqo kwiindawo apho batyale imithi.

Kwilizwe lethu kukho kuphela le engcwele Buryatia, yaye ngakumbi ngqo, oko kubekwe phezu kummandla Ivolga datsan. Apho, kukho greenhouse ezizodwa, apho emthini kwaye lukhula. Imbali ivela kulo mmandla unxulunyaniswa igama Hambo Lama Dorji Gomboeva - yena ngo-1970 zibuyiswa eIndiya otrostochek omncinane umthi Buddha (hadhi) longezwe kuzo.

Le ndawo nje kuphela unqulo AmaBhuda, kodwa enye ezinika eziphambili ndawo. isakhiwo yayo umdla kakhulu: isityalo uvelisa iingcambu akukho ngokufihlakeleyo kuphela, kodwa inxalenye eriyeli isiqu, kanjalo zakha ilenze ezintsonkothileyo. Ngokuthe ngcembe ukuguga iingcambu ezonga ibune, kufakwe ezintsha.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba lesiphumo engundoqo Ukucamngca - a irosari. Hadhi umthi, okanye mandithi imbewu ayo eziphathekayo ngokwenza amaso. Ukusebenzisa kwabo, kulula ukufikelela ukufumaneka liphezulu ukusondela ngakumbi zonqulo zamaBhuda.

Kwakhona izacholo ethandwa kakhulu kunye nomfanekiso somthi. Umzekelo, umsesane, namacici okanye pendant umthi hadhi.

Mahabodhi umthi

Tree phantsi bayanilangazelela iiveki 7 ukucamngca Gautama Buddha ubizwa ngokuba umthi Mahabodhi. Ngayo, kunye Vajrasana, kuba loo ndawo yonqulo kakhulu iziqu ukuba amaBhuda kulo lonke ihlabathi. Vajrasana, enyanisweni, i slab ilitye phantsi Iingqameko yehlathi endaweni wokukhanya of Gautama. Ngoko ke kamva ngokuba kuthanjiswa Pose, kungenjalo obizwa ngokuba "itrone kwedayimani."

Indawo Mahabodhi indawo - Licala ntshona itempile Mahabodhi e Bodhgaya, India (Bihar). ukuphakama kwawo malunga-80 m, kwaye ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka engama-120.

Umthi engcwele Sri Lanka

Njengoko iinkolelo wathi, inzala ngqo hadhi engcwele - njengomthi e Sri Lanka.

Ngokutsho ngokwesithethe zembali, kukho iinguqulelo ezimbini indlela isithombo emthini kuqala bawa phezu Sri Lanka. Ngokutsho kuqala kubo, labuya enye ezintombini Indian ukumkani ndhoka kwi BC ngenkulungwane II. e. Ke ngoko, xa lwesityalo lukhona Bodhgaya wafa yokwaluphala, isebe ezizalwa lomthi ezikhula eSri Lanka, waziswa kwindawo yokuqala. Ngoko ke loo ndawo yonqulo yakwazi mayiphile.

Ukuba uyakholwa omnye legend, nomthi osandul 'ukutyalwa waziswa umfundi oyintanda kunye umza Gautama - Ananda.

Botany bit

I hadhi umthi engcwele, nto leyo eya kuthi achazwe kweli nqaku, libhekisela sodidi lwe usapho yemibhaka kunye Fikusovyh. Lo sihlahla, lweenkobe eIndiya, Nepal, Sri Lanka, kumzantsi China.

Uphawu Uphawu kuba phambi bamasebe enamandla umbala ndiyingwevu-omdaka, kunye namagqabi amilise okwentliziyo, ubukhulu apho yahluka ukusuka cm-8 ukuya kwele-12. Ihamba ekupheleni gingxi kunye ukuthontsiza kumda elide. Yokudubula - bowler unika baphuma ngobubi purple.

izihlobo hadhi na namakhiwane, kunye Ficus Elastica kunye banyan.

Ngokubanzi, izityalo yerabha ingaqala ubomi babo ngeendlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Ukususela imbewu iyantshula emhlabeni okanye umthi intambo yawo. Indlela yesibini ekuthiwa epiphytic.

dha Philosophy

Oyinhloko yale inkolo - yiyo hadhi (emthini). Buddhism isekelwe kwi-bulumko wokukhanya, nayo leyo ofumene Gautam phantsi nasemagumbini twisisaka zezityalo engcwele.

Buddhism - ayikho nkqu unqulo, kodwa mandithi ifilosofi nyaka ngasinye abalandeli ngaphezulu. Ngoko ke ukholo nje kuphela, kodwa luluhlu lwemigaqo ubomi ephathelele kuwo onke amacandelo yobukho bomntu: usapho, umsebenzi, ezopolitiko kunye nobomi kwezoqoqosho. Oku kuvele ngethuba Islam ekuqaleni (1000 yeminyaka). Kwaye nangona kangangamawaka amaninzi eminyaka kokuba ezifumene iimfundiso eemfihlelo, amabali kunye iimfihlelo eyimfihlakalo - abalandeli bakhe bayamoyika zonke izibakala ezingcwele, funani bawandise ukuqonda enzulu lo bulumko nokukhanya.